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77 changes: 42 additions & 35 deletions joss/joss_paper.bib
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@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
@article{Makadia2023,
journal={Planetary Science Journal},
year=2023,
author={Rahil Makadia and Steven R. Chesley and Davide Farnocchia and Shantanu P. Naidu and Damya Souami and Paolo Tanga and Kleomenis Tsiganis and Masatoshi Hirabayashi and Siegfried Eggl},
title={Estimation of the Heliocentric Momentum Enhancement from a Kinetic Impact: The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) Mission},
volume={In Review},
@article{Makadia2024,
author = {Rahil Makadia and Steven R. Chesley and Davide Farnocchia and Shantanu P. Naidu and Damya Souami and Paolo Tanga and Kleomenis Tsiganis and Masatoshi Hirabayashi and Siegfried Eggl},
journal = {The Planetary Science Journal},
title = {{Measurability of the Heliocentric Momentum Enhancement from a Kinetic Impact: The Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) Mission}},
year = {2024},
month = feb,
number = {2},
pages = {38},
volume = {5},
doi = {10.3847/PSJ/ad1bce},
publisher = {The American Astronomical Society},
}

@article{Rein2014,
Expand All @@ -19,7 +24,7 @@ @article{Rein2014
doi = {10.1093/mnras/stu2164}
}

@ARTICLE{Kizner1961,
@article{Kizner1961,
author = {William Kizner},
title = "{A Method of Describing Miss Distances for Lunar and Interplanetary Trajectories}",
journal = {Planetary and Space Science},
Expand All @@ -31,23 +36,33 @@ @ARTICLE{Kizner1961
}

@book{Opik1976,
title={Interplanetary Encounters: Close-range Gravitational Interactions},
author={Ernst Julius {\"O}pik},
isbn={9780444413710},
lccn={76370311},
series={Developments in Economic Geology},
year={1976},
publisher={Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company}
title = {Interplanetary Encounters: Close-range Gravitational Interactions},
author = {Ernst Julius {\"O}pik},
publisher = {Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co},
year = {1976},
address = {Amsterdam},
isbn = {0444413715},
note = {Includes index},
number = {2},
series = {Developments in solar system and space science},
pagetotal = {155}
}

@INPROCEEDINGS{Chodas1999,
@inproceedings{Chodas1999,
author = {Paul W. Chodas and Donald K. Yeomans},
title = {Orbit Determination and Estimation of Impact Probability for Near Earth Objects},
booktitle = {AAS Guidance and Control Conference, Breckenridge, Colorado, USA},
year = {1999},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/2014/16816}
}

@misc{pybind11,
author = {Wenzel Jakob and Jason Rhinelander and Dean Moldovan},
year = {2017},
url = {https://github.com/pybind/pybind11},
title = {pybind11 -- Seamless operability between C++11 and Python}
}

@article{Milani1999,
title = {The Asteroid Identification Problem: II. Target Plane Confidence Boundaries},
journal = {Icarus},
Expand All @@ -60,16 +75,8 @@ @article{Milani1999
author = {Andrea Milani and Giovanni B. Valsecchi},
}

@misc{pybind11,
author = {Wenzel Jakob and Jason Rhinelander and Dean Moldovan},
year = {2017},
url = {https://github.com/pybind/pybind11},
title = {pybind11 -- Seamless operability between C++11 and Python}
}

@article{Holman2023,
doi = {10.3847/PSJ/acc9a9},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/PSJ/acc9a9},
year = {2023},
month = {apr},
publisher = {The American Astronomical Society},
Expand All @@ -81,16 +88,16 @@ @article{Holman2023
journal = {The Planetary Science Journal},
}

@article{Ivezic2019,
doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ab042c},
url = {https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab042c},
year = {2019},
month = {mar},
publisher = {The American Astronomical Society},
volume = {873},
number = {2},
pages = {111},
author = {Željko Ivezić and Steven M. Kahn and J. Anthony Tyson and Bob Abel and Emily Acosta and Robyn Allsman and David Alonso and Yusra AlSayyad and Scott F. Anderson and John Andrew and James Roger P. Angel and George Z. Angeli and Reza Ansari and Pierre Antilogus and Constanza Araujo and Robert Armstrong and Kirk T. Arndt and Pierre Astier and Éric Aubourg and Nicole Auza and Tim S. Axelrod and Deborah J. Bard and Jeff D. Barr and Aurelian Barrau and James G. Bartlett and Amanda E. Bauer and Brian J. Bauman and Sylvain Baumont and Ellen Bechtol and Keith Bechtol and Andrew C. Becker and Jacek Becla and Cristina Beldica and Steve Bellavia and Federica B. Bianco and Rahul Biswas and Guillaume Blanc and Jonathan Blazek and Roger D. Blandford and Josh S. Bloom and Joanne Bogart and Tim W. Bond and Michael T. Booth and Anders W. Borgland and Kirk Borne and James F. Bosch and Dominique Boutigny and Craig A. Brackett and Andrew Bradshaw and William Nielsen Brandt and Michael E. Brown and James S. Bullock and Patricia Burchat and David L. Burke and Gianpietro Cagnoli and Daniel Calabrese and Shawn Callahan and Alice L. Callen and Jeffrey L. Carlin and Erin L. Carlson and Srinivasan Chandrasekharan and Glenaver Charles-Emerson and Steve Chesley and Elliott C. Cheu and Hsin-Fang Chiang and James Chiang and Carol Chirino and Derek Chow and David R. Ciardi and Charles F. Claver and Johann Cohen-Tanugi and Joseph J. Cockrum and Rebecca Coles and Andrew J. Connolly and Kem H. Cook and Asantha Cooray and Kevin R. Covey and Chris Cribbs and Wei Cui and Roc Cutri and Philip N. Daly and Scott F. Daniel and Felipe Daruich and Guillaume Daubard and Greg Daues and William Dawson and Francisco Delgado and Alfred Dellapenna and Robert de Peyster and Miguel de Val-Borro and Seth W. Digel and Peter Doherty and Richard Dubois and Gregory P. Dubois-Felsmann and Josef Durech and Frossie Economou and Tim Eifler and Michael Eracleous and Benjamin L. Emmons and Angelo Fausti Neto and Henry Ferguson and Enrique Figueroa and Merlin Fisher-Levine and Warren Focke and Michael D. Foss and James Frank and Michael D. Freemon and Emmanuel Gangler and Eric Gawiser and John C. Geary and Perry Gee and Marla Geha and Charles J. B. Gessner and Robert R. Gibson and D. Kirk Gilmore and Thomas Glanzman and William Glick and Tatiana Goldina and Daniel A. Goldstein and Iain Goodenow and Melissa L. Graham and William J. Gressler and Philippe Gris and Leanne P. Guy and Augustin Guyonnet and Gunther Haller and Ron Harris and Patrick A. Hascall and Justine Haupt and Fabio Hernandez and Sven Herrmann and Edward Hileman and Joshua Hoblitt and John A. Hodgson and Craig Hogan and James D. Howard and Dajun Huang and Michael E. Huffer and Patrick Ingraham and Walter R. Innes and Suzanne H. Jacoby and Bhuvnesh Jain and Fabrice Jammes and M. James Jee and Tim Jenness and Garrett Jernigan and Darko Jevremović and Kenneth Johns and Anthony S. Johnson and Margaret W. G. Johnson and R. Lynne Jones and Claire Juramy-Gilles and Mario Jurić and Jason S. Kalirai and Nitya J. Kallivayalil and Bryce Kalmbach and Jeffrey P. Kantor and Pierre Karst and Mansi M. Kasliwal and Heather Kelly and Richard Kessler and Veronica Kinnison and David Kirkby and Lloyd Knox and Ivan V. Kotov and Victor L. Krabbendam and K. Simon Krughoff and Petr Kubánek and John Kuczewski and Shri Kulkarni and John Ku and Nadine R. Kurita and Craig S. Lage and Ron Lambert and Travis Lange and J. Brian Langton and Laurent Le Guillou and Deborah Levine and Ming Liang and Kian-Tat Lim and Chris J. Lintott and Kevin E. Long and Margaux Lopez and Paul J. Lotz and Robert H. Lupton and Nate B. Lust and Lauren A. MacArthur and Ashish Mahabal and Rachel Mandelbaum and Thomas W. Markiewicz and Darren S. Marsh and Philip J. Marshall and Stuart Marshall and Morgan May and Robert McKercher and Michelle McQueen and Joshua Meyers and Myriam Migliore and Michelle Miller and David J. Mills and Connor Miraval and Joachim Moeyens and Fred E. Moolekamp and David G. Monet and Marc Moniez and Serge Monkewitz and Christopher Montgomery and Christopher B. Morrison and Fritz Mueller and Gary P. Muller and Freddy Muñoz Arancibia and Douglas R. Neill and Scott P. Newbry and Jean-Yves Nief and Andrei Nomerotski and Martin Nordby and Paul O’Connor and John Oliver and Scot S. Olivier and Knut Olsen and William O’Mullane and Sandra Ortiz and Shawn Osier and Russell E. Owen and Reynald Pain and Paul E. Palecek and John K. Parejko and James B. Parsons and Nathan M. Pease and J. Matt Peterson and John R. Peterson and Donald L. Petravick and M. E. Libby Petrick and Cathy E. Petry and Francesco Pierfederici and Stephen Pietrowicz and Rob Pike and Philip A. Pinto and Raymond Plante and Stephen Plate and Joel P. Plutchak and Paul A. Price and Michael Prouza and Veljko Radeka and Jayadev Rajagopal and Andrew P. Rasmussen and Nicolas Regnault and Kevin A. Reil and David J. Reiss and Michael A. Reuter and Stephen T. Ridgway and Vincent J. Riot and Steve Ritz and Sean Robinson and William Roby and Aaron Roodman and Wayne Rosing and Cecille Roucelle and Matthew R. Rumore and Stefano Russo and Abhijit Saha and Benoit Sassolas and Terry L. Schalk and Pim Schellart and Rafe H. Schindler and Samuel Schmidt and Donald P. Schneider and Michael D. Schneider and William Schoening and German Schumacher and Megan E. Schwamb and Jacques Sebag and Brian Selvy and Glenn H. Sembroski and Lynn G. Seppala and Andrew Serio and Eduardo Serrano and Richard A. Shaw and Ian Shipsey and Jonathan Sick and Nicole Silvestri and Colin T. Slater and J. Allyn Smith and R. Chris Smith and Shahram Sobhani and Christine Soldahl and Lisa Storrie-Lombardi and Edward Stover and Michael A. Strauss and Rachel A. Street and Christopher W. Stubbs and Ian S. Sullivan and Donald Sweeney and John D. Swinbank and Alexander Szalay and Peter Takacs and Stephen A. Tether and Jon J. Thaler and John Gregg Thayer and Sandrine Thomas and Adam J. Thornton and Vaikunth Thukral and Jeffrey Tice and David E. Trilling and Max Turri and Richard Van Berg and Daniel Vanden Berk and Kurt Vetter and Francoise Virieux and Tomislav Vucina and William Wahl and Lucianne Walkowicz and Brian Walsh and Christopher W. Walter and Daniel L. Wang and Shin-Yawn Wang and Michael Warner and Oliver Wiecha and Beth Willman and Scott E. Winters and David Wittman and Sidney C. Wolff and W. Michael Wood-Vasey and Xiuqin Wu and Bo Xin and Peter Yoachim and Hu Zhan},
title = {LSST: From Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
@article{Schwamb2023,
author = {Schwamb, Megan E. and Jones, R. Lynne and Yoachim, Peter and Volk, Kathryn and Dorsey, Rosemary C. and Opitom, Cyrielle and Greenstreet, Sarah and Lister, Tim and Snodgrass, Colin and Bolin, Bryce T. and Inno, Laura and Bannister, Michele T. and Eggl, Siegfried and Solontoi, Michael and Kelley, Michael S. P. and Jurić, Mario and Lin 林, Hsing Wen 省文 and Ragozzine, Darin and Bernardinelli, Pedro H. and Chesley, Steven R. and Daylan, Tansu and Ďurech, Josef and Fraser, Wesley C. and Granvik, Mikael and Knight, Matthew M. and Lisse, Carey M. and Malhotra, Renu and Oldroyd, William J. and Thirouin, Audrey and Ye 叶, Quanzhi 泉志},
journal = {The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series},
title = {Tuning the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Observing Strategy for Solar System Science},
year = {2023},
issn = {1538-4365},
month = may,
number = {2},
pages = {22},
volume = {266},
doi = {10.3847/1538-4365/acc173},
publisher = {American Astronomical Society},
}
23 changes: 10 additions & 13 deletions joss/joss_paper.md
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Expand Up @@ -3,13 +3,13 @@ title: 'GRSS: An open-source small-body science tool for planetary defense'
tags:
- Python
- C++
- astronomy
- asteroids
- comets
- orbit-determination
- orbit-propagator
- Asteroids
- Comets
- Orbit Determination
- Orbit Propagator
authors:
- name: Rahil Makadia
corresponding: true
orcid: 0000-0001-9265-2230
affiliation: 1
- name: Steven R. Chesley
Expand All @@ -26,26 +26,23 @@ affiliations:
index: 1
- name: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
index: 2
date: 18 September 2023
date: XX April 2024
bibliography: joss_paper.bib

# Optional fields if submitting to a AAS journal too, see this blog post:
# https://blog.joss.theoj.org/2018/12/a-new-collaboration-with-aas-publishing
aas-doi: 10.3847/PSJ/xxxxx
aas-journal: Planetary Science Journal
---

# Statement of Need

Understanding the motion of small solar system bodies is of utmost importance when looking at the problem through the lens of planetary defense. The ability to compute the orbit of an asteroid or a comet from various observation sources and then predicting the body's motion in the future is critical in determining whether the Earth will remain safe from impacts in the future. The NASA Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) has developed a suite of state-of-the-art tools over the course of decades for this exact purpose. However, these tools are not publicly available. With the expected increase in the number of Near-Earth Object (NEO) observations as well as discoveries when new observatories such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory come online [@Ivezic2019], there is a need for a publicly available library that can reliably perform both orbit determination and propagation for asteroids and comets.
Understanding the motion of small solar system bodies is of utmost importance when looking at the problem through the lens of planetary defense. The ability to compute the orbit of an asteroid or a comet from various observations and then predicting the body's motion in the future is critical in understanding its impact hazard. The NASA Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) has developed a suite of state-of-the-art tools over the course of decades for this specific purpose. However, these tools are not publicly available. With the expected increase in the number of Near-Earth Object (NEO) observations as well as discoveries when new observatories such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory come online [@Schwamb2023], there is a need for a publicly available library that can reliably perform both orbit propagation and determination for asteroids and comets.

# Summary

In this paper, we present ``GRSS``, the Gauss-Radau Small-body Simulator, an open-source library for orbit determination and propagation of small bodies in the solar system. ``GRSS`` is an open-source, GPL-3.0 licensed software library with a C++ foundation and a Python binding. The propagator is based on the ``IAS15`` algorithm [@Rein2014], a 15<sup>th</sup> order integrator based on Gauss-Radau quadrature. Only the particles of interest are integrated within ``GRSS`` to reduce computational cost. The states for the planets and Big16 main-belt asteroids are computed using memory-mapped SPICE digital ephemeris kernels as done by @Holman2023 in the ``ASSIST`` propagator library. In addition to the propagator, the C++ portion of the library also has the ability to detect impacts and calculate close encounter circumstances using various formulations of the B-plane [@Kizner1961; @Opik1976; @Chodas1999; @Milani1999].
In this paper, we present ``GRSS``, the Gauss-Radau Small-body Simulator, an open-source library for orbit determination and propagation of small bodies in the solar system. ``GRSS`` is an open-source, MIT licensed software library with a C++ foundation and a Python binding. The propagator is based on the ``IAS15`` algorithm, a 15<sup>th</sup> order integrator based on Gauss-Radau quadrature [@Rein2014]. Only the particles of interest are integrated within ``GRSS`` to reduce computational cost. The states for the planets and Big16 main-belt asteroids are computed using memory-mapped SPICE digital ephemeris kernels as done by @Holman2023 in the ``ASSIST`` orbit propagator library. In addition to the propagator, the C++ portion of the library also has the ability to detect impacts and calculate close encounter circumstances using various formulations of the B-plane [@Kizner1961; @Opik1976; @Chodas1999; @Milani1999].

The C++ functionality is then exposed to Python through a binding generated using ``pybind11`` [@pybind11]. The Python layer of ``GRSS`` uses the propagator as the foundation to compute the orbits of small bodies from a given set of optical and/or radar astrometry from the Minor Planet Center, the JPL Small Body Radar Astrometry database, and the Gaia DR3 solar system observations database. Additionally, the orbit determination modules also gave the ability to fit especially demanding measurements such as stellar occultations. These capabilities of the ``GRSS`` library have already been used to study the measurability of the heliocentric changes in the orbit of the (65803) Didymos binary asteroid system as a result of the DART impact [@Makadia2023].
The C++ functionality is then exposed to Python through a binding generated using ``pybind11`` [@pybind11]. The Python layer of ``GRSS`` uses the propagator as the foundation to compute the orbits of small bodies from a given set of optical and/or radar astrometry from the Minor Planet Center, the JPL Small Body Radar Astrometry database, and the Gaia Focused Product Release (FPR) solar system observations database. Additionally, the orbit determination modules also have the ability to fit especially demanding measurements such as stellar occultations. These capabilities of the ``GRSS`` library have already been used to study the measurability of the heliocentric changes in the orbit of the (65803) Didymos binary asteroid system as a result of the DART impact [@Makadia2024].

**_Heartwarming conclusion that makes everyone who wants to propagate/determine small body orbits want to use GRSS goes below._**
``GRSS`` will continue to be developed in the future, with anticipated contributions including the ability to perform impact monitoring and kinetic impact deflection studies. ``GRSS`` is available to the community through the Python Package Index (PyPI) and the source code is available on GitHub. This availability will allow the research community to have access to a reliable and efficient tool for studying the dynamics of small bodies in the solar system.

# Acknowledgements

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