Revert changes on linux-apt-r.dockerfile and try with Ubuntu 24.04 as…

… suggested

.github/workflows/r.yml

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ jobs:
  fail-fast: false
  matrix:
  r: ["4.4"]
- ubuntu: [22.04]
+ ubuntu: [24.04]
  force-tests: ["true"]
  env:
  R: ${{ matrix.r }}

ci/docker/linux-apt-r.dockerfile

@@ -55,7 +55,11 @@ RUN apt-get update -y && \
  # R CMD CHECK --as-cran needs pdflatex to build the package manual
  texlive-latex-base \
  # Need locales so we can set UTF-8
- locales && \
+ locales \
+ # Need Python to check py-to-r bridge
+ python3 \
+ python3-pip \
+ python3-dev && \
  locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 && \
  apt-get clean && \
  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
@@ -77,22 +81,9 @@ RUN cat /arrow/ci/etc/rprofile >> $(R RHOME)/etc/Rprofile.site
 # Also ensure parallel compilation of C/C++ code
 RUN echo "MAKEFLAGS=-j$(R -s -e 'cat(parallel::detectCores())')" >> $(R RHOME)/etc/Renviron.site
 
-ARG ubuntu
-ARG python="3.12"
-COPY ci/scripts/install_python.sh /arrow/ci/scripts/
-# Need Python to check py-to-r bridge. Ubuntu 20.04 uses
-# python 3.8 which is unsuported for pyarrow
-RUN if [ "${ubuntu}" = "20.04" ]; then \
- /arrow/ci/scripts/install_python.sh linux ${python}; \
- else \
- apt update ${quiet} && \
- apt-get install -y \
- python3 \
- python3-pip \
- python3-dev && \
- apt clean && \
- rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
- ; fi
+# Set up Python 3 and its dependencies
+RUN ln -s /usr/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python && \
+ ln -s /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip
 
 COPY ci/scripts/r_deps.sh /arrow/ci/scripts/
 COPY r/DESCRIPTION /arrow/r/