feat: Add support for cardinality function

[Honeta]

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What's changed and what's your intention?

close #8854

Checklist For Contributors

• I have written necessary rustdoc comments
• I have added necessary unit tests and integration tests
• I have added fuzzing tests or opened an issue to track them. (Optional, recommended for new SQL features Sqlsmith: Sql feature generation #7934).
• I have demonstrated that backward compatibility is not broken by breaking changes and created issues to track deprecated features to be removed in the future. (Please refer to the issue)
• All checks passed in ./risedev check (or alias, ./risedev c)

Checklist For Reviewers

• I have requested macro/micro-benchmarks as this PR can affect performance substantially, and the results are shown.

Documentation

Click here for Documentation

Types of user-facing changes

Please keep the types that apply to your changes, and remove the others.

• SQL commands, functions, and operators

Release note

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-array.html

[st1page]

Please add some e2e tests. Rest LGTM

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #8867 (fe84f9a) into main (99a1ca2) will decrease coverage by 0.02%.
The diff coverage is 10.52%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #8867      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   70.75%   70.73%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files        1174     1175       +1     
  Lines      194889   194908      +19     
==========================================
- Hits       137885   137872      -13     
- Misses      57004    57036      +32     

Flag	Coverage Δ
rust	70.73% <10.52%> (-0.02%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
src/expr/src/expr/mod.rs	48.71% <ø> (ø)
src/frontend/src/expr/type_inference/func.rs	83.43% <0.00%> (-1.43%)	⬇️
src/expr/src/expr/expr_cardinality.rs	25.00% <25.00%> (ø)
src/frontend/src/binder/expr/function.rs	89.15% <100.00%> (+0.01%)	⬆️

... and 5 files with indirect coverage changes

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