django-service-urls

django-service-urls is a setting helper for django to represent databases, caches and email settings via a single string.

This work is based on dj-database-url and django/django#8562.

Example

Original config:

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'mydb',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'PORT': 5432,
        'USER': 'myuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'mypasswd',
    },
}

CACHES = {
    'default': {
        'BACKEND' : 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',
        'LOCATION': '127.0.0.1:11211',
    },
}

EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
HOST = 'localhost'
PORT = 2525
HOST_USER = ''
HOST_PASSWORD = ''
USE_TLS = True
USE_SSL = False
SSL_CERTFILE = '/etc/ssl/cert'
SSL_KEYFILE = '/etc/ssl/key'
TIMEOUT = 600
USE_LOCALTIME = False

Replace with:

DATABASES = {
    'default': os.environ.get('DATABASE_DEFAULT', 'postgres://myuser:mypasswd@localhost:5432/mydb'),
}

CACHES = {
    'default': os.environ.get('CACHE_DEFAULT', 'memcached://127.0.0.1:11211'),
}

EMAIL_BACKEND = os.environ.get('EMAIL_BACKEND', 'smtps://localhost:2525?ssl_certfile=/etc/ssl/cert&ssl_keyfile=/etc/ssl/key&timeout=600')

Backends

Currently django-service-urls supports three different services:

DATABASES (django_service_urls.db)

Service	Backend	URLString
Postgresql	django.db.backends.postgresql	postgres://user:passws@host:port/db
Postgresql Socket	django.db.backends.postgresql	postgres://%2Fvar%2Frun%2Fpostgresql/db
Postgresql (dj-database-url compat alias)	django.db.backends.postgresql	postgresql://user:passwd@host:port/db
Postgresql (dj-database-url compat alias)	django.db.backends.postgresql	pgsql://user:passwd@host:port/db
Postgis	django.contrib.gis.db.backends.postgis	postgis://user:passwd@host:port/db
Sqlite (memory)	django.db.backends.sqlite3	sqlite://:memory: or sqlite://
Sqlite (file)	django.db.backends.sqlite3	sqlite:///var/db/database.db
Spatialite (memory)	django.contrib.gis.db.backends.spatialite	spatialite://:memory: or spatialite://
Spatialite (file)	django.contrib.gis.db.backends.spatialite	spatialite:///var/db/database.db
Mysql	django.db.backends.mysql	mysql://user:passwd@host:port/db
Mysql + GIS	django.contrib.gis.db.backends.mysql	mysql+gis://user:passwd@host:port/db
Oracle	django.db.backends.oracle	oracle://user:passwd@host:port/db
Oracle + GIS	django.contrib.gis.db.backends.oracle	oracle+gis://user:passwd@host:port/db

CACHES (django_service_urls.cache)

Service	Backend	URLString
Memory	django.core.cache.backends.locmem.LocMemCache	memory://
Memory	django.core.cache.backends.locmem.LocMemCache	memory://abc
Database	django.core.cache.backends.db.DatabaseCache	db://table-name
Dummy	django.core.cache.backends.dummy.DummyCache	dummy://
Dummy	django.core.cache.backends.dummy.DummyCache	dummy://abc
PyMemcached: single ip	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyMemcachedCache	pymemcached://1.2.3.4:1567
PyLibMCCache: single ip	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyLibMCCache	pylibmccache://1.2.3.4:1567
Memcached: single ip	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache	memcached://1.2.3.4:1567
PyMemcached multiple ips	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyMemcachedCache	pymemcached://1.2.3.4:1567,1.2.3.5:1568
PyLibMCCache multiple ips	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyLibMCCache	pylibmccache://1.2.3.4:1567,1.2.3.5:1568
Memcached multiple ips	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache	memcached://1.2.3.4:1567,1.2.3.5:1568
PyMemcached no port	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyMemcachedCache	pymemcached://1.2.3.4
PyLibMCCache no port	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyLibMCCache	pylibmccache://1.2.3.4
Memcached no port	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache	memcached://1.2.3.4
PyMemcached unix socket	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyMemcachedCache	pymemcached:///tmp/memcached.sock
PyLibMCCache unix socket	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.PyLibMCCache	pylibmccache:///tmp/memcached.sock
Memcached unix socket	django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache	memcached:///tmp/memcached.sock
File	django.core.cache.backends.filebased.FileBasedCache	file://C:/abc/def/xyz
File	django.core.cache.backends.filebased.FileBasedCache	file:///abc/def/xyz

EMAIL (django_service_urls.email)

Service	Backend	URLString
Console	django.core.mail.backends.console.EmailBackend	console://
SMTP	django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend	smtp://localhost:25
SMTPS (smtp+tls alias)	django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend	smtps://localhost:465
SMTP+TLS	django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend	smtp+tls://localhost:465
SMTP+SSL	django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend	smtp+ssl://localhost:587
File	django.core.mail.backends.filebased.EmailBackend	file:///var/log/emails
Memory	django.core.mail.backends.locmem.EmailBackend	memory://
Dummy	django.core.mail.backends.dummy.EmailBackend	dummy://

Installation

Install package

$ python3 -m pip install django-service-urls

add import django_service_urls.loads in your manage.py

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import sys

import django_service_urls.loads


def main():
    os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'project_name.settings')
    try:
        from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
    except ImportError as exc:
        raise ImportError(
            "Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
            "available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
            "forget to activate a virtual environment?"
        ) from exc
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

and in wsgi.py

import os
import django_service_urls.loads

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'project_name.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()

Extend django-service-urls

Add another handler

You can add another handler to an already existing handler:

my_postgres_backend/service_url.py

from django_service_urls.services import db, postgresql_config_from_url

# postgresql fork
postgresql_config_from_url = db.register(('mypgbackend', 'my_postgres_backend'))(postgresql_config_from_url)

yourapp/settings.py

import my_postgres_backend.service_url


DATABASES = {'default': 'mypgbackend://user:pwd@:/mydb'}

Add another service

from django_service_urls import Service


class SearchService(Service):
    def config_from_url(self, engine, scheme, url):
        parsed = self.parse_url(url)
        return {
            'ENGINE': engine,
            # here all options from parsed
        }


search = SearchService()


@search.register(('myengine', 'my_search_engine'))
def search_config_from_url(backend, engine, scheme, url):
    return backend.config_from_url(engine, scheme, url)

mypy integration

If you need to load the initializer from mypy you could add

[mypy]
plugins = django_service_urls.mypy

in your mypy.ini or setup.cfg file.

pyproject.toml configuration is also supported:

[tool.mypy]
plugins = ["django_service_urls.mypy"]