Add new RSpec/FactoryBot/SyntaxMethods cop.

`FactoryBot` provides a mixin called
[`FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods'](https://github.com/thoughtbot/factory_bot/blob/master/GETTING_STARTED.md#rspec)
which allows to replace

```ruby
FactoryBot.create(:bar)
FactoryBot.build(:bar)
FactoryBot.attributes_for(:bar)
```

with

```
create(:bar)
build(:bar)
attributes_for(:bar)
```

The auto-correction is unsafe as there is no way to tell just from syntax
whether a given example group includes the mixin or not.

.yardopts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+--markup markdown
+--hide-void-return
+--tag safety:"Cop Safety Information"

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 ## Master (Unreleased)
 
+* [#1215](https://github.com/rubocop/rubocop-rails/pull/1215): Add new `RSpec/FactoryBot/SyntaxMethods` cop. ([@leoarnold][])
+
 ## 2.6.0 (2021-11-08)
 
 * Fix merging RSpec DSL configuration from third-party gems. ([@pirj][])
@@ -651,3 +653,4 @@ Compatibility release so users can upgrade RuboCop to 0.51.0. No new features.
 [@dswij]: https://github.com/dswij
 [@francois-ferrandis]: https://github.com/francois-ferrandis
 [@r7kamura]: https://github.com/r7kamura
+[@leoarnold]: https://github.com/leoarnold

config/default.yml

@@ -816,6 +816,13 @@ RSpec/FactoryBot/FactoryClassName:
   VersionChanged: '2.0'
   StyleGuide: https://www.rubydoc.info/gems/rubocop-rspec/RuboCop/Cop/RSpec/FactoryBot/FactoryClassName
 
+RSpec/FactoryBot/SyntaxMethods:
+  Description: Use shorthands from `FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods` in your specs.
+  Enabled: pending
+  SafeAutoCorrect: false
+  VersionAdded: "<<next>>"
+  StyleGuide: https://www.rubydoc.info/gems/rubocop-rspec/RuboCop/Cop/RSpec/FactoryBot/SyntaxMethods
+
 RSpec/Rails:
   Enabled: true
   Include: *1

docs/modules/ROOT/pages/cops.adoc

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@
 * xref:cops_rspec_factorybot.adoc#rspecfactorybot/attributedefinedstatically[RSpec/FactoryBot/AttributeDefinedStatically]
 * xref:cops_rspec_factorybot.adoc#rspecfactorybot/createlist[RSpec/FactoryBot/CreateList]
 * xref:cops_rspec_factorybot.adoc#rspecfactorybot/factoryclassname[RSpec/FactoryBot/FactoryClassName]
+* xref:cops_rspec_factorybot.adoc#rspecfactorybot/syntaxmethods[RSpec/FactoryBot/SyntaxMethods]
 
 === Department xref:cops_rspec_rails.adoc[RSpec/Rails]
 

docs/modules/ROOT/pages/cops_rspec_factorybot.adoc

@@ -157,3 +157,66 @@ end
 === References
 
 * https://www.rubydoc.info/gems/rubocop-rspec/RuboCop/Cop/RSpec/FactoryBot/FactoryClassName
+
+== RSpec/FactoryBot/SyntaxMethods
+
+|===
+| Enabled by default | Safe | Supports autocorrection | Version Added | Version Changed
+
+| Pending
+| Yes
+| Yes (Unsafe)
+| <<next>>
+| -
+|===
+
+Use shorthands from `FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods` in your specs.
+
+=== Safety
+
+The auto-correction is marked as unsafe because the cop
+cannot verify whether you already include
+`FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods` in your test suite.
+
+If you're using Rails, add the following configuration to
+`spec/support/factory_bot.rb` and be sure to require that file in
+`rails_helper.rb`:
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.include FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods
+end
+----
+
+If you're not using Rails:
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+RSpec.configure do |config|
+  config.include FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods
+
+  config.before(:suite) do
+    FactoryBot.find_definitions
+  end
+end
+----
+
+=== Examples
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+# bad
+FactoryBot.create(:bar)
+FactoryBot.build(:bar)
+FactoryBot.attributes_for(:bar)
+
+# good
+create(:bar)
+build(:bar)
+attributes_for(:bar)
+----
+
+=== References
+
+* https://www.rubydoc.info/gems/rubocop-rspec/RuboCop/Cop/RSpec/FactoryBot/SyntaxMethods

lib/rubocop-rspec.rb

@@ -12,11 +12,14 @@
 require_relative 'rubocop/rspec/language/node_pattern'
 require_relative 'rubocop/rspec/language'
 
+require_relative 'rubocop/rspec/factory_bot/language'
+
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/rspec/mixin/top_level_group'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/rspec/mixin/variable'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/rspec/mixin/final_end_location'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/rspec/mixin/comments_help'
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/rspec/mixin/empty_line_separation'
+require_relative 'rubocop/cop/rspec/mixin/inside_example_group'
 
 require_relative 'rubocop/rspec/concept'
 require_relative 'rubocop/rspec/example_group'
@@ -31,8 +34,8 @@
 
 require_relative 'rubocop/cop/rspec_cops'
 
-# We have to register our autocorrect incompatibilies in RuboCop's cops as well
-# so we do not hit infinite loops
+# We have to register our autocorrect incompatibilities in RuboCop's cops
+# as well so we do not hit infinite loops
 
 module RuboCop
   module Cop

lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/capybara/feature_methods.rb

@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ module Capybara
         #   end
         class FeatureMethods < Base
           extend AutoCorrector
+          include InsideExampleGroup
 
           MSG = 'Use `%<replacement>s` instead of `%<method>s`.'
 
@@ -60,13 +61,6 @@ class FeatureMethods < Base
             {#{MAP.keys.map(&:inspect).join(' ')}}
           PATTERN
 
-          # @!method spec?(node)
-          def_node_matcher :spec?, <<-PATTERN
-            (block
-              (send #rspec? {:describe :feature} ...)
-            ...)
-          PATTERN
-
           # @!method feature_method(node)
           def_node_matcher :feature_method, <<-PATTERN
             (block
@@ -75,7 +69,7 @@ class FeatureMethods < Base
           PATTERN
 
           def on_block(node)
-            return unless inside_spec?(node)
+            return unless inside_example_group?(node)
 
             feature_method(node) do |send_node, match|
               next if enabled?(match)
@@ -93,21 +87,6 @@ def message(range)
 
           private
 
-          def inside_spec?(node)
-            return spec?(node) if root_node?(node)
-
-            root = node.ancestors.find { |parent| root_node?(parent) }
-            spec?(root)
-          end
-
-          def root_node?(node)
-            node.parent.nil? || root_with_siblings?(node.parent)
-          end
-
-          def root_with_siblings?(node)
-            node.begin_type? && node.parent.nil?
-          end
-
           def enabled?(method_name)
             enabled_methods.include?(method_name)
           end

lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/factory_bot/create_list.rb

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ module FactoryBot
         class CreateList < Base
           extend AutoCorrector
           include ConfigurableEnforcedStyle
+          include RuboCop::RSpec::FactoryBot::Language
 
           MSG_CREATE_LIST = 'Prefer create_list.'
           MSG_N_TIMES = 'Prefer %<number>s.times.'
@@ -43,12 +44,12 @@ class CreateList < Base
 
           # @!method factory_call(node)
           def_node_matcher :factory_call, <<-PATTERN
-            (send ${(const nil? {:FactoryGirl :FactoryBot}) nil?} :create (sym $_) $...)
+            (send ${nil? #factory_bot?} :create (sym $_) $...)
           PATTERN
 
           # @!method factory_list_call(node)
           def_node_matcher :factory_list_call, <<-PATTERN
-            (send {(const nil? {:FactoryGirl :FactoryBot}) nil?} :create_list (sym _) (int $_) ...)
+            (send {nil? #factory_bot?} :create_list (sym _) (int $_) ...)
           PATTERN
 
           def on_block(node)

lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/factory_bot/syntax_methods.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RuboCop
+  module Cop
+    module RSpec
+      module FactoryBot
+        # Use shorthands from `FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods` in your specs.
+        #
+        # @safety
+        #   The auto-correction is marked as unsafe because the cop
+        #   cannot verify whether you already include
+        #   `FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods` in your test suite.
+        #
+        #   If you're using Rails, add the following configuration to
+        #   `spec/support/factory_bot.rb` and be sure to require that file in
+        #   `rails_helper.rb`:
+        #
+        #   [source,ruby]
+        #   ----
+        #   RSpec.configure do |config|
+        #     config.include FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods
+        #   end
+        #   ----
+        #
+        #   If you're not using Rails:
+        #
+        #   [source,ruby]
+        #   ----
+        #   RSpec.configure do |config|
+        #     config.include FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods
+        #
+        #     config.before(:suite) do
+        #       FactoryBot.find_definitions
+        #     end
+        #   end
+        #   ----
+        #
+        # @example
+        #   # bad
+        #   FactoryBot.create(:bar)
+        #   FactoryBot.build(:bar)
+        #   FactoryBot.attributes_for(:bar)
+        #
+        #   # good
+        #   create(:bar)
+        #   build(:bar)
+        #   attributes_for(:bar)
+        #
+        class SyntaxMethods < Base
+          extend AutoCorrector
+          include InsideExampleGroup
+          include RangeHelp
+          include RuboCop::RSpec::FactoryBot::Language
+
+          MSG = 'Use `%<method>s` from `FactoryBot::Syntax::Methods`.'
+
+          RESTRICT_ON_SEND = %i[
+            attributes_for
+            attributes_for_list
+            attributes_for_pair
+            build
+            build_list
+            build_pair
+            build_stubbed
+            build_stubbed_list
+            build_stubbed_pair
+            create
+            create_list
+            create_pair
+            generate
+            generate_list
+            null
+            null_list
+            null_pair
+          ].to_set.freeze
+
+          def on_send(node)
+            return unless factory_bot?(node.receiver)
+            return unless inside_example_group?(node)
+
+            message = format(MSG, method: node.method_name)
+
+            add_offense(crime_scene(node), message: message) do |corrector|
+              corrector.remove(offense(node))
+            end
+          end
+
+          private
+
+          def crime_scene(node)
+            range_between(
+              node.loc.expression.begin_pos,
+              node.loc.selector.end_pos
+            )
+          end
+
+          def offense(node)
+            range_between(
+              node.loc.expression.begin_pos,
+              node.loc.selector.begin_pos
+            )
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/mixin/inside_example_group.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RuboCop
+  module Cop
+    module RSpec
+      # Helps you identify whether a given node
+      # is within an example group or not.
+      module InsideExampleGroup
+        private
+
+        def inside_example_group?(node)
+          return example_group?(node) if example_group_root?(node)
+
+          root = node.ancestors.find { |parent| example_group_root?(parent) }
+
+          example_group?(root)
+        end
+
+        def example_group_root?(node)
+          node.parent.nil? || example_group_root_with_siblings?(node.parent)
+        end
+
+        def example_group_root_with_siblings?(node)
+          node.begin_type? && node.parent.nil?
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/rubocop/cop/rspec_cops.rb

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 require_relative 'rspec/factory_bot/attribute_defined_statically'
 require_relative 'rspec/factory_bot/create_list'
 require_relative 'rspec/factory_bot/factory_class_name'
+require_relative 'rspec/factory_bot/syntax_methods'
 
 require_relative 'rspec/rails/avoid_setup_hook'
 begin

lib/rubocop/rspec/factory_bot/language.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RuboCop
+  module RSpec
+    module FactoryBot
+      # Contains node matchers for common FactoryBot DSL.
+      module Language
+        extend RuboCop::NodePattern::Macros
+
+        # @!method factory_bot?(node)
+        def_node_matcher :factory_bot?, <<~PATTERN
+          (const {nil? cbase} {:FactoryGirl :FactoryBot})
+        PATTERN
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end