Auto merge of rust-lang#133702 - RalfJung:single-variant, r=<try>

Variants::Single: do not use invalid VariantIdx for uninhabited enums

~~Stacked on top of rust-lang#133681, only the last commit is new.~~

Currently, `Variants::Single` for an empty enum contains a `VariantIdx` of 0; looking that up in the enum variant list will ICE. That's quite confusing. So let's fix that by adding a new `Variants::Empty` case for types that have 0 variants.

try-job: i686-msvc

compiler/rustc_abi/src/callconv.rs

@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ impl<'a, Ty> TyAndLayout<'a, Ty> {
                 let (mut result, mut total) = from_fields_at(*self, Size::ZERO)?;
 
                 match &self.variants {
-                    abi::Variants::Single { .. } => {}
+                    abi::Variants::Single { .. } | abi::Variants::Empty => {}
                     abi::Variants::Multiple { variants, .. } => {
                         // Treat enum variants like union members.
                         // HACK(eddyb) pretend the `enum` field (discriminant)

compiler/rustc_abi/src/layout.rs

@@ -213,8 +213,9 @@ impl<Cx: HasDataLayout> LayoutCalculator<Cx> {
         &self,
     ) -> LayoutData<FieldIdx, VariantIdx> {
         let dl = self.cx.data_layout();
+        // This is also used for uninhabited enums, so we use `Variants::Empty`.
         LayoutData {
-            variants: Variants::Single { index: VariantIdx::new(0) },
+            variants: Variants::Empty,
             fields: FieldsShape::Primitive,
             backend_repr: BackendRepr::Uninhabited,
             largest_niche: None,
@@ -1004,8 +1005,8 @@ impl<Cx: HasDataLayout> LayoutCalculator<Cx> {
             Variants::Multiple { tag, tag_encoding, tag_field, .. } => {
                 Variants::Multiple { tag, tag_encoding, tag_field, variants: best_layout.variants }
             }
-            Variants::Single { .. } => {
-                panic!("encountered a single-variant enum during multi-variant layout")
+            Variants::Single { .. } | Variants::Empty => {
+                panic!("encountered a single-variant or empty enum during multi-variant layout")
             }
         };
         Ok(best_layout.layout)

compiler/rustc_abi/src/lib.rs

@@ -1504,10 +1504,12 @@ impl BackendRepr {
 #[derive(PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Clone, Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "nightly", derive(HashStable_Generic))]
 pub enum Variants<FieldIdx: Idx, VariantIdx: Idx> {
+    /// A type with no valid variants. Must be uninhabited.
+    Empty,
+
     /// Single enum variants, structs/tuples, unions, and all non-ADTs.
     Single {
-        /// Always 0 for non-enums/generators.
-        /// For enums without a variant, this is an invalid index!
+        /// Always `0` for types that cannot have multiple variants.
         index: VariantIdx,
     },
 

compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/src/discriminant.rs

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ pub(crate) fn codegen_set_discriminant<'tcx>(
         return;
     }
     match layout.variants {
+        Variants::Empty => unreachable!("we already handled uninhabited types"),
         Variants::Single { index } => {
             assert_eq!(index, variant_index);
         }
@@ -85,6 +86,7 @@ pub(crate) fn codegen_get_discriminant<'tcx>(
     }
 
     let (tag_scalar, tag_field, tag_encoding) = match &layout.variants {
+        Variants::Empty => unreachable!("we already handled uninhabited types"),
         Variants::Single { index } => {
             let discr_val = layout
                 .ty

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/debuginfo/metadata/enums/cpp_like.rs

@@ -212,21 +212,17 @@ pub(super) fn build_enum_type_di_node<'ll, 'tcx>(
         ),
         |cx, enum_type_di_node| {
             match enum_type_and_layout.variants {
-                Variants::Single { index: variant_index } => {
-                    if enum_adt_def.variants().is_empty() {
-                        // Uninhabited enums have Variants::Single. We don't generate
-                        // any members for them.
-                        return smallvec![];
-                    }
-
-                    build_single_variant_union_fields(
-                        cx,
-                        enum_adt_def,
-                        enum_type_and_layout,
-                        enum_type_di_node,
-                        variant_index,
-                    )
+                Variants::Empty => {
+                    // We don't generate any members for uninhabited types.
+                    return smallvec![];
                 }
+                Variants::Single { index: variant_index } => build_single_variant_union_fields(
+                    cx,
+                    enum_adt_def,
+                    enum_type_and_layout,
+                    enum_type_di_node,
+                    variant_index,
+                ),
                 Variants::Multiple {
                     tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Direct,
                     ref variants,
@@ -303,6 +299,7 @@ pub(super) fn build_coroutine_di_node<'ll, 'tcx>(
                 )
             }
             Variants::Single { .. }
+            | Variants::Empty
             | Variants::Multiple { tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Niche { .. }, .. } => {
                 bug!(
                     "Encountered coroutine with non-direct-tag layout: {:?}",

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/debuginfo/metadata/enums/mod.rs

@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ fn compute_discriminant_value<'ll, 'tcx>(
     variant_index: VariantIdx,
 ) -> DiscrResult {
     match enum_type_and_layout.layout.variants() {
-        &Variants::Single { .. } => DiscrResult::NoDiscriminant,
+        &Variants::Single { .. } | &Variants::Empty => DiscrResult::NoDiscriminant,
         &Variants::Multiple { tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Direct, .. } => DiscrResult::Value(
             enum_type_and_layout.ty.discriminant_for_variant(cx.tcx, variant_index).unwrap().val,
         ),

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/debuginfo/metadata/enums/native.rs

@@ -358,8 +358,8 @@ fn build_discr_member_di_node<'ll, 'tcx>(
     let containing_scope = enum_or_coroutine_type_di_node;
 
     match enum_or_coroutine_type_and_layout.layout.variants() {
-        // A single-variant enum has no discriminant.
-        &Variants::Single { .. } => None,
+        // A single-variant or no-variant enum has no discriminant.
+        &Variants::Single { .. } | &Variants::Empty => None,
 
         &Variants::Multiple { tag_field, .. } => {
             let tag_base_type = tag_base_type(cx.tcx, enum_or_coroutine_type_and_layout);

compiler/rustc_codegen_llvm/src/type_of.rs

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ fn uncached_llvm_type<'a, 'tcx>(
             if let (&ty::Adt(def, _), &Variants::Single { index }) =
                 (layout.ty.kind(), &layout.variants)
             {
-                if def.is_enum() && !def.variants().is_empty() {
+                if def.is_enum() {
                     write!(&mut name, "::{}", def.variant(index).name).unwrap();
                 }
             }

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/debuginfo/mod.rs

@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ fn tag_base_type_opt<'tcx>(
     });
 
     match enum_type_and_layout.layout.variants() {
-        // A single-variant enum has no discriminant.
-        Variants::Single { .. } => None,
+        // A single-variant or no-variant enum has no discriminant.
+        Variants::Single { .. } | Variants::Empty => None,
 
         Variants::Multiple { tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Niche { .. }, tag, .. } => {
             // Niche tags are always normalized to unsized integers of the correct size.

compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/mir/place.rs

@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx, V: CodegenObject> PlaceRef<'tcx, V> {
             return bx.cx().const_poison(cast_to);
         }
         let (tag_scalar, tag_encoding, tag_field) = match self.layout.variants {
+            Variants::Empty => unreachable!("we already handled uninhabited types"),
             Variants::Single { index } => {
                 let discr_val = self
                     .layout
@@ -365,9 +366,9 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx, V: CodegenObject> PlaceRef<'tcx, V> {
             return;
         }
         match self.layout.variants {
-            Variants::Single { index } => {
-                assert_eq!(index, variant_index);
-            }
+            Variants::Empty => unreachable!("we already handled uninhabited types"),
+            Variants::Single { index } => assert_eq!(index, variant_index),
+
             Variants::Multiple { tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Direct, tag_field, .. } => {
                 let ptr = self.project_field(bx, tag_field);
                 let to =

compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/interpret/discriminant.rs

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ impl<'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>> InterpCx<'tcx, M> {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Read discriminant, return the runtime value as well as the variant index.
+    /// Read discriminant, return the variant index.
     /// Can also legally be called on non-enums (e.g. through the discriminant_value intrinsic)!
     ///
     /// Will never return an uninhabited variant.
@@ -65,21 +65,17 @@ impl<'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>> InterpCx<'tcx, M> {
         // We use "tag" to refer to how the discriminant is encoded in memory, which can be either
         // straight-forward (`TagEncoding::Direct`) or with a niche (`TagEncoding::Niche`).
         let (tag_scalar_layout, tag_encoding, tag_field) = match op.layout().variants {
+            Variants::Empty => {
+                throw_ub!(UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(None));
+            }
             Variants::Single { index } => {
-                // Do some extra checks on enums.
-                if ty.is_enum() {
-                    // Hilariously, `Single` is used even for 0-variant enums.
-                    // (See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/89765).
-                    if ty.ty_adt_def().unwrap().variants().is_empty() {
-                        throw_ub!(UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(index))
-                    }
+                if op.layout().is_uninhabited() {
                     // For consistency with `write_discriminant`, and to make sure that
                     // `project_downcast` cannot fail due to strange layouts, we declare immediate UB
-                    // for uninhabited variants.
-                    if op.layout().for_variant(self, index).is_uninhabited() {
-                        throw_ub!(UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(index))
-                    }
+                    // for uninhabited enums.
+                    throw_ub!(UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(Some(index)));
                 }
+                // Since the type is inhabited, there must be an index.
                 return interp_ok(index);
             }
             Variants::Multiple { tag, ref tag_encoding, tag_field, .. } => {
@@ -199,11 +195,13 @@ impl<'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>> InterpCx<'tcx, M> {
         // `uninhabited_enum_branching` MIR pass. It also ensures consistency with
         // `write_discriminant`.
         if op.layout().for_variant(self, index).is_uninhabited() {
-            throw_ub!(UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(index))
+            throw_ub!(UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(Some(index)))
         }
         interp_ok(index)
     }
 
+    /// Read discriminant, return the user-visible discriminant.
+    /// Can also legally be called on non-enums (e.g. through the discriminant_value intrinsic)!
     pub fn discriminant_for_variant(
         &self,
         ty: Ty<'tcx>,
@@ -243,6 +241,7 @@ impl<'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>> InterpCx<'tcx, M> {
         }
 
         match layout.variants {
+            abi::Variants::Empty => unreachable!("we already handled uninhabited types"),
             abi::Variants::Single { .. } => {
                 // The tag of a `Single` enum is like the tag of the niched
                 // variant: there's no tag as the discriminant is encoded

compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/interpret/validity.rs

@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ impl<'rt, 'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>> ValidityVisitor<'rt, 'tcx, M> {
                     };
                 }
             }
-            Variants::Single { .. } => {}
+            Variants::Single { .. } | Variants::Empty => {}
         }
 
         // Now we know we are projecting to a field, so figure out which one.
@@ -344,6 +344,7 @@ impl<'rt, 'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>> ValidityVisitor<'rt, 'tcx, M> {
                         // Inside a variant
                         PathElem::Field(def.variant(index).fields[FieldIdx::from_usize(field)].name)
                     }
+                    Variants::Empty => panic!("there is no field in Variants::Empty types"),
                     Variants::Multiple { .. } => bug!("we handled variants above"),
                 }
             }
@@ -1010,7 +1011,7 @@ impl<'rt, 'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>> ValidityVisitor<'rt, 'tcx, M> {
             }
             // Don't forget potential other variants.
             match &layout.variants {
-                Variants::Single { .. } => {
+                Variants::Single { .. } | Variants::Empty => {
                     // Fully handled above.
                 }
                 Variants::Multiple { variants, .. } => {

compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/interpret/visitor.rs

@@ -218,8 +218,8 @@ pub trait ValueVisitor<'tcx, M: Machine<'tcx>>: Sized {
                 // recurse with the inner type
                 self.visit_variant(v, idx, &inner)?;
             }
-            // For single-variant layouts, we already did anything there is to do.
-            Variants::Single { .. } => {}
+            // For single-variant layouts, we already did everything there is to do.
+            Variants::Single { .. } | Variants::Empty => {}
         }
 
         interp_ok(())

compiler/rustc_const_eval/src/util/check_validity_requirement.rs

@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ fn check_validity_requirement_lax<'tcx>(
     }
 
     match &this.variants {
+        Variants::Empty => return Ok(false),
         Variants::Single { .. } => {
             // All fields of this single variant have already been checked above, there is nothing
             // else to do.

compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/interpret/error.rs

@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ pub enum UndefinedBehaviorInfo<'tcx> {
     /// A discriminant of an uninhabited enum variant is written.
     UninhabitedEnumVariantWritten(VariantIdx),
     /// An uninhabited enum variant is projected.
-    UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(VariantIdx),
+    UninhabitedEnumVariantRead(Option<VariantIdx>),
     /// Trying to set discriminant to the niched variant, but the value does not match.
     InvalidNichedEnumVariantWritten { enum_ty: Ty<'tcx> },
     /// ABI-incompatible argument types.

compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/layout.rs

@@ -734,21 +734,22 @@ where
         let layout = match this.variants {
             Variants::Single { index }
                 // If all variants but one are uninhabited, the variant layout is the enum layout.
-                if index == variant_index &&
-                // Don't confuse variants of uninhabited enums with the enum itself.
-                // For more details see https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/69763.
-                this.fields != FieldsShape::Primitive =>
+                if index == variant_index =>
             {
                 this.layout
             }
 
-            Variants::Single { index } => {
+            Variants::Single { .. } | Variants::Empty => {
+                // Single-variant and no-variant enums *can* have other variants, but those are
+                // uninhabited. Produce a layout that has the right fields for that variant, so that
+                // the rest of the compiler can project fields etc as usual.
+
                 let tcx = cx.tcx();
                 let typing_env = cx.typing_env();
 
                 // Deny calling for_variant more than once for non-Single enums.
                 if let Ok(original_layout) = tcx.layout_of(typing_env.as_query_input(this.ty)) {
-                    assert_eq!(original_layout.variants, Variants::Single { index });
+                    assert_eq!(original_layout.variants, this.variants);
                 }
 
                 let fields = match this.ty.kind() {
@@ -902,6 +903,7 @@ where
                 ),
 
                 ty::Coroutine(def_id, args) => match this.variants {
+                    Variants::Empty => unreachable!(),
                     Variants::Single { index } => TyMaybeWithLayout::Ty(
                         args.as_coroutine()
                             .state_tys(def_id, tcx)
@@ -927,6 +929,7 @@ where
                             let field = &def.variant(index).fields[FieldIdx::from_usize(i)];
                             TyMaybeWithLayout::Ty(field.ty(tcx, args))
                         }
+                        Variants::Empty => panic!("there is no field in Variants::Empty types"),
 
                         // Discriminant field for enums (where applicable).
                         Variants::Multiple { tag, .. } => {

compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/jump_threading.rs

@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 //! Likewise, applying the optimisation can create a lot of new MIR, so we bound the instruction
 //! cost by `MAX_COST`.
 
-use rustc_abi::{TagEncoding, Variants};
 use rustc_arena::DroplessArena;
 use rustc_const_eval::const_eval::DummyMachine;
 use rustc_const_eval::interpret::{ImmTy, Immediate, InterpCx, OpTy, Projectable};
@@ -565,31 +564,15 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TOFinder<'a, 'tcx> {
             StatementKind::SetDiscriminant { box place, variant_index } => {
                 let Some(discr_target) = self.map.find_discr(place.as_ref()) else { return };
                 let enum_ty = place.ty(self.body, self.tcx).ty;
-                // `SetDiscriminant` may be a no-op if the assigned variant is the untagged variant
-                // of a niche encoding. If we cannot ensure that we write to the discriminant, do
-                // nothing.
-                let Ok(enum_layout) = self.ecx.layout_of(enum_ty) else {
+                // `SetDiscriminant` guarantees that the discriminant is now `variant_index`.
+                // Even if the discriminant write does nothing due to niches, it is UB to set the
+                // discriminant when the data does not encode the desired discriminant.
+                let Some(discr) =
+                    self.ecx.discriminant_for_variant(enum_ty, *variant_index).discard_err()
+                else {
                     return;
                 };
-                let writes_discriminant = match enum_layout.variants {
-                    Variants::Single { index } => {
-                        assert_eq!(index, *variant_index);
-                        true
-                    }
-                    Variants::Multiple { tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Direct, .. } => true,
-                    Variants::Multiple {
-                        tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Niche { untagged_variant, .. },
-                        ..
-                    } => *variant_index != untagged_variant,
-                };
-                if writes_discriminant {
-                    let Some(discr) =
-                        self.ecx.discriminant_for_variant(enum_ty, *variant_index).discard_err()
-                    else {
-                        return;
-                    };
-                    self.process_immediate(bb, discr_target, discr, state);
-                }
+                self.process_immediate(bb, discr_target, discr, state);
             }
             // If we expect `lhs ?= true`, we have an opportunity if we assume `lhs == true`.
             StatementKind::Intrinsic(box NonDivergingIntrinsic::Assume(

compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/large_enums.rs

@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ impl EnumSizeOpt {
         };
         let layout = tcx.layout_of(typing_env.as_query_input(ty)).ok()?;
         let variants = match &layout.variants {
-            Variants::Single { .. } => return None,
+            Variants::Single { .. } | Variants::Empty => return None,
             Variants::Multiple { tag_encoding: TagEncoding::Niche { .. }, .. } => return None,
 
             Variants::Multiple { variants, .. } if variants.len() <= 1 => return None,

compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/unreachable_enum_branching.rs

@@ -54,6 +54,10 @@ fn variant_discriminants<'tcx>(
     tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
 ) -> FxHashSet<u128> {
     match &layout.variants {
+        Variants::Empty => {
+            // Uninhabited, no valid discriminant.
+            FxHashSet::default()
+        }
         Variants::Single { index } => {
             let mut res = FxHashSet::default();
             res.insert(

compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_smir/convert/abi.rs

@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Stable<'tcx> for rustc_abi::Variants<rustc_abi::FieldIdx, rustc_abi::
             rustc_abi::Variants::Single { index } => {
                 VariantsShape::Single { index: index.stable(tables) }
             }
+            rustc_abi::Variants::Empty => VariantsShape::Empty,
             rustc_abi::Variants::Multiple { tag, tag_encoding, tag_field, variants } => {
                 VariantsShape::Multiple {
                     tag: tag.stable(tables),