Clippy Book Chapter Updates Reborn: Refresh Lint Configuration's looks

[blyxyas]

This PR modernizes and clears up some confusion with the "Lint Configuration Options" chapter from the book.

Changes

• Remove 'Option - Default Value" table

  • Why was it even there?
  • It shouldn't be the first thing an user sees when they enter the chapter. It's clunky, ugly and not useful. The default values for configs are stated in a per-config basis if needed.

• Add a simple description of what the chapter contains, and the scheme of each configuration option

• Minor formatting, mainly adding code fragments to code text

  • It seemed weird and jarring not having back-ticks on text like "arithmetic_side_effects".
  • Improves readability and separation between configs.

• Separate a little bit the Affected Lints list + "Affected lists" message

  • Not having something indicating that the list is about the lints that use the configuration option is confusing.
  • It isn't as important as the description and example. Therefore should be separated a little bit imo

---

This is an independent effort from #10597, but as it's still a Book Chapter Update, I thought it would be cool to include it here. I'm going to keep the reviewing process for this PR to rustbot's desires.

Rendered
Current

changelog: Refresh styling from the "Lint Configuration Options" book chapter.

[rustbot]

r? @Jarcho

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[bors]

☔ The latest upstream changes (presumably #10656) made this pull request unmergeable. Please resolve the merge conflicts.

[bors]

☔ The latest upstream changes (presumably #10751) made this pull request unmergeable. Please resolve the merge conflicts.

[xFrednet]

Hey @Jarcho, this is a ping from triage. Could you review this PR? If you're busy you can also pass it to me. I have a reviewing queue, but I should be able to get to this one within a week or so :)

[flip1995]

This PR also was on my todo list for some time. Just looked over it and this is an easy approval. Thanks for cleaning this up!

@bors r+

[bors]

📌 Commit b7a6054 has been approved by flip1995

It is now in the queue for this repository.

[bors]

⌛ Testing commit b7a6054 with merge 00001d6...

[bors]

☀️ Test successful - checks-action_dev_test, checks-action_remark_test, checks-action_test
Approved by: flip1995
Pushing 00001d6 to master...