introduce a fudge_regions_if_ok to address false region edges

src/librustc/infer/fudge.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// Copyright 2012-2015 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+use ty::{self, TyCtxt};
+use ty::fold::{TypeFoldable, TypeFolder};
+
+use super::InferCtxt;
+use super::RegionVariableOrigin;
+
+impl<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> InferCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
+    /// This rather funky routine is used while processing expected
+    /// types. What happens here is that we want to propagate a
+    /// coercion through the return type of a fn to its
+    /// argument. Consider the type of `Option::Some`, which is
+    /// basically `for<T> fn(T) -> Option<T>`. So if we have an
+    /// expression `Some(&[1, 2, 3])`, and that has the expected type
+    /// `Option<&[u32]>`, we would like to type check `&[1, 2, 3]`
+    /// with the expectation of `&[u32]`. This will cause us to coerce
+    /// from `&[u32; 3]` to `&[u32]` and make the users life more
+    /// pleasant.
+    ///
+    /// The way we do this is using `fudge_regions_if_ok`. What the
+    /// routine actually does is to start a snapshot and execute the
+    /// closure `f`. In our example above, what this closure will do
+    /// is to unify the expectation (`Option<&[u32]>`) with the actual
+    /// return type (`Option<?T>`, where `?T` represents the variable
+    /// instantiated for `T`).  This will cause `?T` to be unified
+    /// with `&?a [u32]`, where `?a` is a fresh lifetime variable. The
+    /// input type (`?T`) is then returned by `f()`.
+    ///
+    /// At this point, `fudge_regions_if_ok` will normalize all type
+    /// variables, converting `?T` to `&?a [u32]` and end the
+    /// snapshot.  The problem is that we can't just return this type
+    /// out, because it references the region variable `?a`, and that
+    /// region variable was popped when we popped the snapshot.
+    ///
+    /// So what we do is to keep a list (`region_vars`, in the code below)
+    /// of region variables created during the snapshot (here, `?a`). We
+    /// fold the return value and replace any such regions with a *new*
+    /// region variable (e.g., `?b`) and return the result (`&?b [u32]`).
+    /// This can then be used as the expectation for the fn argument.
+    ///
+    /// The important point here is that, for soundness purposes, the
+    /// regions in question are not particularly important. We will
+    /// use the expected types to guide coercions, but we will still
+    /// type-check the resulting types from those coercions against
+    /// the actual types (`?T`, `Option<?T`) -- and remember that
+    /// after the snapshot is popped, the variable `?T` is no longer
+    /// unified.
+    ///
+    /// Assumptions:
+    /// - no new type variables are created during `f()` (asserted
+    ///   below); this simplifies our logic since we don't have to
+    ///   check for escaping type variables
+    pub fn fudge_regions_if_ok<T, E, F>(&self,
+                                        origin: &RegionVariableOrigin,
+                                        f: F) -> Result<T, E> where
+        F: FnOnce() -> Result<T, E>,
+        T: TypeFoldable<'tcx>,
+    {
+        let (region_vars, value) = self.probe(|snapshot| {
+            let vars_at_start = self.type_variables.borrow().num_vars();
+
+            match f() {
+                Ok(value) => {
+                    let value = self.resolve_type_vars_if_possible(&value);
+
+                    // At this point, `value` could in principle refer
+                    // to regions that have been created during the
+                    // snapshot (we assert below that `f()` does not
+                    // create any new type variables, so there
+                    // shouldn't be any of those). Once we exit
+                    // `probe()`, those are going to be popped, so we
+                    // will have to eliminate any references to them.
+
+                    assert_eq!(self.type_variables.borrow().num_vars(), vars_at_start,
+                               "type variables were created during fudge_regions_if_ok");
+                    let region_vars =
+                        self.region_vars.vars_created_since_snapshot(
+                            &snapshot.region_vars_snapshot);
+
+                    Ok((region_vars, value))
+                }
+                Err(e) => Err(e),
+            }
+        })?;
+
+        // At this point, we need to replace any of the now-popped
+        // region variables that appear in `value` with a fresh region
+        // variable. We can't do this during the probe because they
+        // would just get popped then too. =)
+
+        // Micro-optimization: if no variables have been created, then
+        // `value` can't refer to any of them. =) So we can just return it.
+        if region_vars.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(value);
+        }
+
+        let mut fudger = RegionFudger {
+            infcx: self,
+            region_vars: &region_vars,
+            origin: origin
+        };
+
+        Ok(value.fold_with(&mut fudger))
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct RegionFudger<'a, 'gcx: 'a+'tcx, 'tcx: 'a> {
+    infcx: &'a InferCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx>,
+    region_vars: &'a Vec<ty::RegionVid>,
+    origin: &'a RegionVariableOrigin,
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> TypeFolder<'gcx, 'tcx> for RegionFudger<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
+    fn tcx<'b>(&'b self) -> TyCtxt<'b, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
+        self.infcx.tcx
+    }
+
+    fn fold_region(&mut self, r: &'tcx ty::Region) -> &'tcx ty::Region {
+        match *r {
+            ty::ReVar(v) if self.region_vars.contains(&v) => {
+                self.infcx.next_region_var(self.origin.clone())
+            }
+            _ => {
+                r
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/librustc/infer/mod.rs

@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ mod bivariate;
 mod combine;
 mod equate;
 pub mod error_reporting;
+mod fudge;
 mod glb;
 mod higher_ranked;
 pub mod lattice;
@@ -986,49 +987,6 @@ impl<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> InferCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
         r
     }
 
-    /// Execute `f` and commit only the region bindings if successful.
-    /// The function f must be very careful not to leak any non-region
-    /// variables that get created.
-    pub fn commit_regions_if_ok<T, E, F>(&self, f: F) -> Result<T, E> where
-        F: FnOnce() -> Result<T, E>
-    {
-        debug!("commit_regions_if_ok()");
-        let CombinedSnapshot { projection_cache_snapshot,
-                               type_snapshot,
-                               int_snapshot,
-                               float_snapshot,
-                               region_vars_snapshot,
-                               obligations_in_snapshot } = self.start_snapshot();
-
-        let r = self.commit_if_ok(|_| f());
-
-        debug!("commit_regions_if_ok: rolling back everything but regions");
-
-        assert!(!self.obligations_in_snapshot.get());
-        self.obligations_in_snapshot.set(obligations_in_snapshot);
-
-        // Roll back any non-region bindings - they should be resolved
-        // inside `f`, with, e.g. `resolve_type_vars_if_possible`.
-        self.projection_cache
-            .borrow_mut()
-            .rollback_to(projection_cache_snapshot);
-        self.type_variables
-            .borrow_mut()
-            .rollback_to(type_snapshot);
-        self.int_unification_table
-            .borrow_mut()
-            .rollback_to(int_snapshot);
-        self.float_unification_table
-            .borrow_mut()
-            .rollback_to(float_snapshot);
-
-        // Commit region vars that may escape through resolved types.
-        self.region_vars
-            .commit(region_vars_snapshot);
-
-        r
-    }
-
     /// Execute `f` then unroll any bindings it creates
     pub fn probe<R, F>(&self, f: F) -> R where
         F: FnOnce(&CombinedSnapshot) -> R,

src/librustc/infer/type_variable.rs

@@ -184,6 +184,10 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeVariableTable<'tcx> {
         v
     }
 
+    pub fn num_vars(&self) -> usize {
+        self.values.len()
+    }
+
     pub fn root_var(&mut self, vid: ty::TyVid) -> ty::TyVid {
         self.eq_relations.find(vid)
     }

src/librustc_typeck/check/mod.rs

@@ -86,7 +86,8 @@ use fmt_macros::{Parser, Piece, Position};
 use hir::def::{Def, CtorKind, PathResolution};
 use hir::def_id::{DefId, LOCAL_CRATE};
 use hir::pat_util;
-use rustc::infer::{self, InferCtxt, InferOk, TypeOrigin, TypeTrace, type_variable};
+use rustc::infer::{self, InferCtxt, InferOk, RegionVariableOrigin,
+                   TypeOrigin, TypeTrace, type_variable};
 use rustc::ty::subst::{Kind, Subst, Substs};
 use rustc::traits::{self, Reveal};
 use rustc::ty::{ParamTy, ParameterEnvironment};
@@ -2752,7 +2753,7 @@ impl<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
                                   formal_args: &[Ty<'tcx>])
                                   -> Vec<Ty<'tcx>> {
         let expected_args = expected_ret.only_has_type(self).and_then(|ret_ty| {
-            self.commit_regions_if_ok(|| {
+            self.fudge_regions_if_ok(&RegionVariableOrigin::Coercion(call_span), || {
                 // Attempt to apply a subtyping relationship between the formal
                 // return type (likely containing type variables if the function
                 // is polymorphic) and the expected return type.

src/librustc_typeck/check/regionck.rs

@@ -1149,7 +1149,7 @@ impl<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> RegionCtxt<'a, 'gcx, 'tcx> {
                     autoderefs: usize,
                     autoref: &adjustment::AutoBorrow<'tcx>)
     {
-        debug!("link_autoref(autoref={:?})", autoref);
+        debug!("link_autoref(autoderefs={}, autoref={:?})", autoderefs, autoref);
         let mc = mc::MemCategorizationContext::new(self);
         let expr_cmt = ignore_err!(mc.cat_expr_autoderefd(expr, autoderefs));
         debug!("expr_cmt={:?}", expr_cmt);

src/test/run-pass/issue-37655.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+// Regression test for #37655. The problem was a false edge created by
+// coercion that wound up requiring that `'a` (in `split()`) outlive
+// `'b`, which shouldn't be necessary.
+
+#![allow(warnings)]
+
+trait SliceExt<T> {
+    type Item;
+
+    fn get_me<I>(&self, index: I) -> &I::Output
+        where I: SliceIndex<Self::Item>;
+}
+
+impl<T> SliceExt<T> for [T] {
+    type Item = T;
+
+    fn get_me<I>(&self, index: I) -> &I::Output
+        where I: SliceIndex<T>
+    {
+        panic!()
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait SliceIndex<T> {
+    type Output: ?Sized;
+}
+
+impl<T> SliceIndex<T> for usize {
+    type Output = T;
+}
+
+fn foo<'a, 'b>(split: &'b [&'a [u8]]) -> &'a [u8] {
+    split.get_me(0)
+}
+
+fn main() { }