Preserve the intersection of disjoint numbers in match analysis

The use of provablyDisjoint is a way of simplifying an intersection of
two types into the Empty space, using type comparing logic.  However,
for types like (42L: Long) and (it: Int) (a constant type and a term
ref, of two different number types) the two types are provably disjoint,
but that doesn't mean that a "case `it` =>" won't match a "42L"
scrutinee.  So we extend the logic to keep the intersection as it is
when numeric value types are in play.

compiler/src/dotty/tools/dotc/transform/patmat/Space.scala

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ package patmat
 
 import core._
 import Types._
+import TypeUtils._
 import Contexts._
 import Flags._
 import ast._
@@ -333,9 +334,11 @@ class SpaceEngine(using Context) extends SpaceLogic {
       // Since projections of types don't include null, intersection with null is empty.
       Empty
     else
-      val res = TypeComparer.provablyDisjoint(tp1, tp2)
-      if res then Empty
-      else Typ(AndType(tp1, tp2), decomposed = true)
+      val intersection = Typ(AndType(tp1, tp2), decomposed = true)
+      // unrelated numeric value classes can equal each other, so let's not consider type space interection empty
+      if tp1.classSymbol.isNumericValueClass && tp2.classSymbol.isNumericValueClass then intersection
+      else if TypeComparer.provablyDisjoint(tp1, tp2) then Empty
+      else intersection
   }
 
   /** Return the space that represents the pattern `pat` */
@@ -407,7 +410,7 @@ class SpaceEngine(using Context) extends SpaceLogic {
     case tp => Typ(tp, decomposed = true)
   }
 
-  private def unapplySeqInfo(resTp: Type, pos: SrcPos)(using Context): (Int, Type, Type) = {
+  private def unapplySeqInfo(resTp: Type, pos: SrcPos): (Int, Type, Type) = {
     var resultTp = resTp
     var elemTp = unapplySeqTypeElemTp(resultTp)
     var arity = productArity(resultTp, pos)
@@ -501,19 +504,20 @@ class SpaceEngine(using Context) extends SpaceLogic {
   }
 
   /** Numeric literals, while being constant values of unrelated types (e.g. Char and Int),
-   *  when used in a case may end up matching at runtime, because their equals may returns true.
-   *  Because these are universally available, general purpose types, it would be good to avoid
-   *  returning false positive warnings, such as in `(c: Char) match { case 67 => ... }` emitting a
+   *  when used in a case may end up matching at runtime as their equals may returns true.
+   *  Because these are universally available, general purpose types, it would be good to avoid,
+   *  for example in `(c: Char) match { case 67 => ... }`, emitting a false positive
    *  reachability warning on the case.  So the type `ConstantType(Constant(67, IntTag))` is
    *  converted to `ConstantType(Constant(67, CharTag))`.  #12805 */
-  def convertConstantType(tp: Type, pt: Type): Type = tp match
+  def convertConstantType(tp: Type, pt: Type): Type = trace(i"convertConstantType($tp, $pt)", show = true)(tp match
     case tp @ ConstantType(const) =>
       val converted = const.convertTo(pt)
       if converted == null then tp else ConstantType(converted)
     case _ => tp
+  )
 
-  def isPrimToBox(tp: Type, pt: Type) =
-    tp.classSymbol.isPrimitiveValueClass && (defn.boxedType(tp).classSymbol eq pt.classSymbol)
+  def isPrimToBox(tp: Type, pt: Type): Boolean =
+    tp.isPrimitiveValueType && (defn.boxedType(tp).classSymbol eq pt.classSymbol)
 
   /** Adapt types by performing primitive value unboxing or boxing, or numeric constant conversion.  #12805
    *
@@ -539,7 +543,10 @@ class SpaceEngine(using Context) extends SpaceLogic {
   def isSubType(tp1: Type, tp2: Type): Boolean = trace(i"$tp1 <:< $tp2", debug, show = true) {
     if tp1 == constantNullType && !ctx.mode.is(Mode.SafeNulls)
     then tp2 == constantNullType
-    else adaptType(tp1, tp2) <:< tp2
+    else
+      val tp1a = adaptType(tp1, tp2)
+      if tp1a eq tp1 then tp1 <:< tp2
+      else trace(i"$tp1a <:< $tp2 (adapted)", debug, show = true)(tp1a <:< tp2)
   }
 
   def isSameUnapply(tp1: TermRef, tp2: TermRef): Boolean =
@@ -872,7 +879,7 @@ class SpaceEngine(using Context) extends SpaceLogic {
   /** Return the underlying type of non-module, non-constant, non-enum case singleton types.
    *  Also widen ExprType to its result type, and rewrap any annotation wrappers.
    *  For example, with `val opt = None`, widen `opt.type` to `None.type`. */
-  def toUnderlying(tp: Type)(using Context): Type = trace(i"toUnderlying($tp)", show = true)(tp match {
+  def toUnderlying(tp: Type): Type = trace(i"toUnderlying($tp)", show = true)(tp match {
     case _: ConstantType                            => tp
     case tp: TermRef if tp.symbol.is(Module)        => tp
     case tp: TermRef if tp.symbol.isAllOf(EnumCase) => tp

tests/pos/i14407.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+// scalac: -Werror
+@main def Test =
+  val it: Int = 42
+  42L match
+    case `it` => println("pass")
+    case _    => println("fail")