Code quality: Makefile to run static code checkers

Relates to #71
Relates to #95

Additions:
- Makefile for easy usage,
- Composer file to declare dev & test dependencies.

Features:
- PHP Copy/Paste Detect: detect duplicate code;
- PHP Code Sniffer: static analysis, syntax checking,
- PHP Mess Detector: static analysis, syntax checking.

Signed-off-by: VirtualTam <virtualtam@flibidi.org>

.gitignore

@@ -10,4 +10,11 @@ pagecache
 .project
 
 # Ignore raintpl generated pages
-*.rtpl.php
+*.rtpl.php
+
+# Ignore test dependencies
+composer.lock
+/vendor/
+
+# Ignore test output
+phpmd.html

Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+# Shaarli, the personal, minimalist, super-fast, no-database delicious clone.
+#
+# Makefile for PHP code analysis & testing
+#
+# Prerequisites:
+# - install Composer, either:
+#   - from your distro's package manager;
+#   - from the official website (https://getcomposer.org/download/);
+# - install/update test dependencies:
+#   $ composer install  # 1st setup
+#   $ composer update
+BIN = vendor/bin
+PHP_SOURCE = index.php
+MESS_DETECTOR_RULES = cleancode,codesize,controversial,design,naming,unusedcode
+
+all: static_analysis_summary
+
+##
+# Concise status of the project
+#
+# These targets are non-blocking: || exit 0
+##
+static_analysis_summary: code_sniffer_source copy_paste mess_detector_summary
+
+##
+# PHP_CodeSniffer
+#
+# Detects PHP syntax errors
+#
+# Documentation (usage, output formatting):
+# - http://pear.php.net/manual/en/package.php.php-codesniffer.usage.php
+# - http://pear.php.net/manual/en/package.php.php-codesniffer.reporting.php
+##
+code_sniffer: code_sniffer_full
+
+# - errors by Git author
+code_sniffer_blame:
+	@$(BIN)/phpcs $(PHP_SOURCE) --report-gitblame
+
+# - all errors/warnings
+code_sniffer_full:
+	@$(BIN)/phpcs $(PHP_SOURCE) --report-full --report-width=200
+
+# - errors grouped by kind
+code_sniffer_source:
+	@$(BIN)/phpcs $(PHP_SOURCE) --report-source || exit 0
+
+##
+# PHP Copy/Paste Detector
+#
+# Detects code redundancy
+#
+# Documentation: https://github.com/sebastianbergmann/phpcpd
+##
+copy_paste:
+	@echo "-----------------------"
+	@echo "PHP COPY/PASTE DETECTOR"
+	@echo "-----------------------"
+	@$(BIN)/phpcpd $(PHP_SOURCE) || exit 0
+	@echo
+
+##
+# PHP Mess Detector
+#
+# Detects PHP syntax errors, sorted by category
+#
+# Rules documentation: http://phpmd.org/rules/index.html
+#
+mess_title:
+	@echo "-----------------"
+	@echo "PHP MESS DETECTOR"
+	@echo "-----------------"
+
+# - all warnings
+mess_detector: mess_title
+	@$(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_SOURCE) text $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) | sed 's_.*\/__'
+
+# - all warnings
+#   the generated HTML contains links to PHPMD's documentation
+mess_detector_html:
+	@$(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_SOURCE) html $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) \
+	--reportfile phpmd.html || exit 0
+
+# - warnings grouped by message, sorted by descending frequency order
+mess_detector_grouped: mess_title
+	@$(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_SOURCE) text $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) \
+	| cut -f 2 | sort | uniq -c | sort -nr
+
+# - summary: number of warnings by rule set
+mess_detector_summary: mess_title
+	@for rule in $$(echo $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) | tr ',' ' '); do \
+		warnings=$$($(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_SOURCE) text $$rule | wc -l); \
+		printf "$$warnings\t$$rule\n"; \
+	done;

composer.json

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+    "name": "shaarli/shaarli",
+    "description": "The personal, minimalist, super-fast, no-database delicious clone",
+    "license": "MIT",
+    "support": {
+        "issues": "https://github.com/shaarli/Shaarli/issues"
+    },
+    "require": {},
+    "require-dev": {
+        "phpmd/phpmd" : "@stable",
+        "sebastian/phpcpd": "*",
+        "squizlabs/php_codesniffer": "2.*"
+    }
+}