LinkDB: move to a proper file, add test coverage

Relates to #71

LinkDB
 - move to application/LinkDB.php
 - code cleanup
   - indentation
   - whitespaces
   - formatting
 - comment cleanup
   - add missing documentation
   - unify formatting

Test coverage for LinkDB
 - constructor
 - public / private access
 - link-related methods

Shaarli utilities (LinkDB dependencies)
 - move startsWith() and endsWith() functions to application/Utils.php
 - add test coverage

Dev utilities
 - Composer: add PHPUnit to dev dependencies
 - Makefile:
    - update lint targets
    - add test targets
    - generate coverage reports

Signed-off-by: VirtualTam <virtualtam@flibidi.net>

.gitignore

@@ -16,5 +16,7 @@ pagecache
 composer.lock
 /vendor/
 
-# Ignore test output
+# Ignore test data & output
+coverage
+tests/datastore.php
 phpmd.html

Makefile

@@ -8,19 +8,23 @@
 # - install/update test dependencies:
 #   $ composer install  # 1st setup
 #   $ composer update
+# - install Xdebug for PHPUnit code coverage reports:
+#   - see http://xdebug.org/docs/install
+#   - enable in php.ini
 
 BIN = vendor/bin
-PHP_SOURCE = index.php
-MESS_DETECTOR_RULES = cleancode,codesize,controversial,design,naming,unusedcode
+PHP_SOURCE = index.php application tests
+PHP_COMMA_SOURCE = index.php,application,tests
 
-all: static_analysis_summary
+all: static_analysis_summary test
 
 ##
 # Concise status of the project
 # These targets are non-blocking: || exit 0
 ##
 
 static_analysis_summary: code_sniffer_source copy_paste mess_detector_summary
+	@echo
 
 ##
 # PHP_CodeSniffer
@@ -62,6 +66,7 @@ copy_paste:
 # Detects PHP syntax errors, sorted by category
 # Rules documentation: http://phpmd.org/rules/index.html
 ##
+MESS_DETECTOR_RULES = cleancode,codesize,controversial,design,naming,unusedcode
 
 mess_title:
 	@echo "-----------------"
@@ -70,11 +75,11 @@ mess_title:
 
 ###  - all warnings
 mess_detector: mess_title
-	@$(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_SOURCE) text $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) | sed 's_.*\/__'
+	@$(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_COMMA_SOURCE) text $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) | sed 's_.*\/__'
 
 ### - all warnings + HTML output contains links to PHPMD's documentation
 mess_detector_html:
-	@$(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_SOURCE) html $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) \
+	@$(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_COMMA_SOURCE) html $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) \
 	--reportfile phpmd.html || exit 0
 
 ### - warnings grouped by message, sorted by descending frequency order
@@ -85,10 +90,24 @@ mess_detector_grouped: mess_title
 ### - summary: number of warnings by rule set
 mess_detector_summary: mess_title
 	@for rule in $$(echo $(MESS_DETECTOR_RULES) | tr ',' ' '); do \
-		warnings=$$($(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_SOURCE) text $$rule | wc -l); \
+		warnings=$$($(BIN)/phpmd $(PHP_COMMA_SOURCE) text $$rule | wc -l); \
 		printf "$$warnings\t$$rule\n"; \
 	done;
 
+##
+# PHPUnit
+# Runs unitary and functional tests
+# Generates an HTML coverage report if Xdebug is enabled
+#
+# See phpunit.xml for configuration
+# https://phpunit.de/manual/current/en/appendixes.configuration.html
+##
+test: clean
+	@echo "-------"
+	@echo "PHPUNIT"
+	@echo "-------"
+	@$(BIN)/phpunit tests
+
 ##
 # Targets for repository and documentation maintenance
 ##
@@ -107,4 +126,4 @@ doc: clean
 htmldoc:
 	for file in `find doc/ -maxdepth 1 -name "*.md"`; do \
 		pandoc -f markdown_github -t html5 -s -c "github-markdown.css" -o doc/`basename $$file .md`.html "$$file"; \
-	done;
+	done;