Test against Python 3.12 preview

[simonw]

https://dev.to/hugovk/help-test-python-312-beta-1508/

---

📚 Documentation preview 📚: https://sqlite-utils--591.org.readthedocs.build/en/591/

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (347fdc8) 95.74% compared to head (1f14df1) 95.74%.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main     #591   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   95.74%   95.74%           
=======================================
  Files           8        8           
  Lines        2842     2842           
=======================================
  Hits         2721     2721           
  Misses        121      121           

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

[simonw]

The test failure was while installing numpy, relating to importing distutils - maybe relevant:

• [BUG] distutils cannot be imported on Python 3.12 (without distutils) if pip was imported pypa/setuptools#3661

25h  Installing build dependencies: started
  Installing build dependencies: finished with status 'done'
  Getting requirements to build wheel: started
  Getting requirements to build wheel: finished with status 'done'
ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
  File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.0-rc.2/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_internal/utils/misc.py", line 697, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
    return super().get_requires_for_build_wheel(config_settings=cs)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.0-rc.2/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_impl.py", line 166, in get_requires_for_build_wheel
    return self._call_hook('get_requires_for_build_wheel', {
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.0-rc.2/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_impl.py", line 321, in _call_hook
    raise BackendUnavailable(data.get('traceback', ''))
pip._vendor.pyproject_hooks._impl.BackendUnavailable: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.0-rc.2/x64/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pyproject_hooks/_in_process/_in_process.py", line 77, in _build_backend
    obj = import_module(mod_path)
          ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "/opt/hostedtoolcache/Python/3.12.0-rc.2/x64/lib/python3.12/importlib/__init__.py", line 90, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
           ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1381, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1354, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1304, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 488, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1381, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1354, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1325, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 929, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 994, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 488, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/tmp/pip-build-env-x9nyg3kd/overlay/lib/python3.12/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    import distutils.core
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'distutils'

[simonw]

I'm going to abandon this PR and ship the 3.12 testing change directly to main.