LEARNING BASH

A beginners list of bash commands. Be alarmed, I am no expert.

All commands below are things that worked for me and there's no guarantee it will work for you.
This is pure exploration and learning for me, know your system before using this list.

   My system: MacBook Pro (Retina, 15-inch, Mid 2015)
   MacOS Sierra Version 10.12.6 running iTerm2 + ZSH

SCREEN

Key/Command	Description
screen	create a new screen session
screen -ls	list all the current sessions
screen -X -S	[session # you want to kill] quit kill entire session
screen -r	reconnect to screen
screen -rd	reconnect to a screen
screen Ctrl A -D	disconnect from screen

TMUX

in tmux use the prefix 'ctrl-b' in front of every command

CORE COMMANDS

Key/Command	Description
tmux	start new
tmux new -s myname	start new with name
tmux a # (or at, or attach)	attach
tmux a -t myname	attach to named
tmux ls	list sessions
tmux kill-session -t myname	kill session name

killall tmux sessions
tmux ls | grep : | cut -d. -f1 | awk '{print substr($1, 0, length($1)-1)}' | xargs kill

SESSIONS

Key/Command	Description
s	list sessions
$	name session

WINDOWS (tabs)

Key/Command	Description
c	create window
w	list windows
n	next window
p	previous window
f	find window
,	name window
&	ill window

PANES (splits)

Key/Command	Description
%	vertical split
"	horizontal split
o	swap panes
q	show pane numbers
x	kill pane
+	break pane into window (e.g. to select text by mouse to copy)
-	restore pane from window
⍽	space - toggle between layouts
q	(Show pane numbers, when the numbers show up type the key to goto that pane)
{	(Move the current pane left)
}	(Move the current pane right)
z	toggle pane zoom

MISC

Key/Command	Description
d	detach
t	big clock
?	list shortcuts
:	prompt

IRSSI

Key/Command	Description
irssi	launch irssi
irssi -n test123	change nickname
/connect irc.oftc.net	connect to server
/connect irc.freenode.net	connect to freenode server
/server irc.snoonet.org	connect to Reddit
/join #facebookisdead	join channel
/who	list users
/whois	display userinfo
/wc	close window
/save	save irssi settings after customized
/SET user_name NickHere	set username
/SET real_name RealNameHere	set realname
/IGNORE * QUITS PARTS JOINS NICKS	ignores users quits/joins etc.

highlight nickname by writing name in front, ex: zuyos: “string of text”

Key/Command	Description
Alt -1/2/3/4	switch windows
Ctrl A ?	show all key binds
Ctrl A	switch windows
Ctrl A c	create new window
/exec	executes a command within irssi
/exec imgur-screenshot.sh	allows you to take a screenshot and upload

SCRIPTS

autorun scripts by putting them into ~/.irssi/scripts/autorun/

CORE COMMANDS

Key/Command	Description
⌘ shift i	switch to iTerm2 from any app (you can define your own keybind in the settings)
⌘[1,2,3,4]	switch between terminal windows
⌘ n	create new window
⌘ w	close current window
clear	clears all text from window
;	put in between 2 commands to run both
shutdown -h +30	shutdown comp. in 30 min
poweroff	shutdown
Ctrl A	go to beginning of the line you are typing
Ctrl U	Undo last command
Ctrl E	go to the end of the line you are typing
Ctrl L	clear the screen
Ctrl K	delete everything forward to end of line
Ctrl U	delete everything backwards to end of line
Ctrl C	cancel whatever you are running
Ctrl P	move up 1 line
Ctrl N	move down 1 line
Ctrl W	This deletes the word before the cursor only

NAVIGATION

Key/Command	Description
cd	change directory
cd ..	move up one directory
cd -	move to (previous) directory
cd ../..	move up two directory
pwd	print working directory (show where u are)
pushd	bookmark a directory
popd	jump back to bookmark

TRASH FILES

Key/Command	Description
brew install trash	installs trash
trash	send files to trash
trash -l	list files in trash
trash -lv	list files in trash with more info (size)
trash -e	empty trash

AUTOJUMP (EXT. PLUGIN)

Key/Command	Description
brew install autojump	installs autojump
autojump -s	show all saved dirs in database
j	jump to directory
jo	open directory in Finder
jo pwd	open current directory in Finder

GOOGLER

Key/Command	Description
googler hi	starts google and googles hi
googler -h	brings up help
filetype:mp3 adelele	googles only mp3 named adele
googler --colors bjdxxy google	fixes colors (im using dark solarized theme, gets hard to read)

LIST

Key/Command	Description
ls	list files
ls -S	list files by size
ls -l	list files details
ls -lhS	list files by size small to biggest
ls -R	list entire content of directory
ls ..	list parent directory of folder
du	display disk usage
du -sh	display entire size of dir
du -sh *	gsort -h
tree -L [1,2]	list files as tree with 1 or 2 dir deep

FILE MANAGEMENT

Key/Command	Description
open	open single file
open *	open all the files in the current dir
open *.JPG	open all jpgs in one directory with their default applications.
open -a preview ./	open current dir with app preview
stat	display details of the file
file	display format, size, color-profile (info about a file)
mdfind	spotlight search
df -h	display disk usage (default)
dfc	display disk usage (homebrew)

| mkdir | create directory | | touch | create new | | mv oldfilename newfilename | rename file | | mv | move file to directory | | mv <"directory"> | move file to directory containing spaces | | source | update that file | | brew info | show info about pkg path etc. |

DISK UTILITY

Key/Command	Description
diskutil list	list all drives
diskutil unmount	unmount disk
diskutil unmountDisk	unmount all partitions
diskutil unmount /dev/disk2	example

BASH PROFILE CUSTOMIZATION

Key/Command	Description
nano ~/.bash_profile	opens and edit profile in nano
nano ~/.bashrc	opens and edit bashrc in nano
nano ~/.dir_colors	open and customise file colors
source “”	ource for instance .bashrc on start so all changes are in use

COLOR CHANGES

Key/Command	Description
Text color codes in dir_colors:

| 30=black | | 31=red | | 32=green | | 33=yellow | | 34=blue | | 35=magenta | | 36=cyan | | 37=white |

| Background color codes: |

| 40=black | | 41=red | | 42=green | | 43=yellow | | 44=blue | | 45=magenta | | 46=cyan | | 47=white |

ITERM 2 IMGCAT & IMGLS

Key/Command	Description
imgcat	show image in terminal
imgls	list images as thumbnails
imgls *png	list all pngs
imgls *jpg	list all jpgs

YOUTUBE-DL

Key/Command	Description
youtube-dl -F	list all available formats
youtube-dl -f	download audio/video > YT
example: youtube-dl -f 140	this downloads m4a audio

WGET (dl files from webpage)

| brew install wget | install wget | | -e robots.off | ignore robots.txt files (be careful) | | -e robots=off --wait 1 | ignore/override robots and wait 1 sec in between | | -nd | no directories | | -A png,jpg | only accept this file extension | | -nc, —-no-clobber | skip dl if file exist | | -np | dont follow links to parent dirs | | –k | convert html links to local files | | -r | recursive, for dl files from dir listing |

example: wget -r -np -k -A jpeg,jpg wget -nd -r -P -A jpeg,jpg,bmp,gif,png wget -r -A .jpg http://site.with.images/url/ grab a file from website: wget http://example.com/file.iso

working example of dl images: wget -r -nd -A “*.jpg"

ZSH TERMINAL FRAMEWORK

–source it on startup

[[ -s brew --prefix/etc/autojump.sh ]] && . brew —prefix/etc/autojump.sh

paste this in your .zshrc to make autojump work

function chwpd() { makes cd auto ls emulate -L zsh ls -a }

another function doing same thing

function cdls() { cd "1" && ls "$1"; }

default path given when installing zsh

export PATH=$HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH

coming from bash I customised to export PATH=“/usr/local/bin:$PATH"

so home-brew installation works etc

PATH to zsh /usr/local/share/zsh/

ZSH PLUGINS

Auto Suggestions

ZSH ALIAS

#fast shortcuts

alias c='clear' alias cd..='cd ..' alias ..='cd ..' alias ...='cd ../..' alias .3='../../../' alias .4='../../../../' alias o='open' alias sortsize='du -sh * | gsort -h’

CONVERT (FFMPEG)

to convert jpg to png go to dir with file, write:

convert .jpg .png

batch convert entire folder (converting tifs to jpg):

mogrify -format jpg ./*.tif

to convert all files with same filetype write:

convert *.tif newNameGoesHere.jpg

command for batch converting movies this case (mov->mp4): (need to cd to right directory first)

for i in .mov; do ffmpeg -i "$i" "${i%.}.mp4"; done

convert single vid

ffmpeg -i youtube.flv -c:v libx264 filename.mp4

merge video + audio together

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.wav
-c:v copy -c:a aac -strict experimental output.mp4

merge video + audio without re-encoding audio

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.wav -c copy output.mkv

replacing audio stream if it already exists

ffmpeg -i video.mp4 -i audio.wav
-c:v copy -c:a aac -strict experimental
-map 0:v:0 -map 1:a:0 output.mp4

LEARNING EMACS

M-x package-list-packages install new packages to emacs C-x C-c quit emacs session (logout) C-z temp. exit emacs C-l center in screen n next page p previous page b beginning of page space navigate down

C-f Move forward a character C-b Move backward a character

M-f Move forward a word M-b Move backward a word M-backspace kill previous word

C-n Move to next line C-p Move to previous line

C-a Move to beginning of line C-e Move to end of line

M-a Move back to beginning of sentence M-e Move forward to end of sentence C-/ Undos last action C-g cancel mini buffer input C-x C-s saves a file C-x C-b show buffer list C-x b switch between buffers C-x 1 remove buffer list C-x C-f foo create new file named foo

C-x C-f Find file C-x C-s Save file C-x s Save some buffers C-x C-b List buffers C-x b Switch buffer C-x C-c Quit Emacs C-x 1 Delete all but one window C-x u Undo M-x text mode change mode to text mode

C-s search file, hit C-s again to go to next C-M(meta)-v scroll other window down C-k kill buffer (window)

ADDING MODES (EMACS)

M-x httpd-start start web server impatient-mode start impatient mode rainbow-mode start rainbow mode M-x emmet-mode start emmet mode FlyC

EMMET

C-j turn into tags/auto suggest etc.

(require 'web-beautify) ;; Not necessary if using ELPA package (eval-after-load 'js2-mode '(define-key js2-mode-map (kbd "C-c b") 'web-beautify-js)) (eval-after-load 'json-mode '(define-key json-mode-map (kbd "C-c b") 'web-beautify-js)) (eval-after-load 'sgml-mode '(define-key html-mode-map (kbd "C-c b") 'web-beautify-html)) (eval-after-load ‘css-mode (require 'mmm-auto) (setq mmm-global-mode 'maybe) (setq mmm-submode-decoration-level 1) (set-face-background 'mmm-default-submode-face "gray70") (mmm-add-mode-ext-class 'html-mode "\.php\'" 'html-php) (mmm-add-mode-ext-class 'html-mode "\.php\'" 'html-js) (mmm-add-mode-ext-class 'html-mode "\.php\'" ‘html-css)

GIT

Key/Command	Description
git status	list info about GitHub repository
git remote add origin	example: https://github.com/username/myproject.git
git remote -v	check online version of repo
git push	update files, make changes
git commit -m "Here is my commit message"
git commit --amend —-reset-author
git config --global --edit

| git config --global user.name "Your Name" | | git config --global user.email you@example.com |

| Update a file in repository: | | make changes in your file, "index.html" etc. |

| 1. git add index.html | to update that file | | 2. git commit -m "update version 1.0” | commit file | | 3. ´git status´ | check the current status | | 4. git push | upload changes |

NODE.JS

Key/Command	Description
node -v	checks current version

EXPRESS

| npm install express-generator -g | installs express generator | | express --view=pug myapp | generates basic app called 'myapp' (with pug as init for views) | | express --view=ejs myapp | generates basic app called 'myapp' (with ejs as init for views) | | cd myapp && npm install | cds and installs dependencies | | DEBUG=myapp:* npm start | run the app (only on mac & linux) | | set DEBUG=myapp:* & npm start | same for Windows |