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date: 13 August 2017
bibliography: paper.bib

# Optional fields if submitting to a AAS journal too, see this blog post:
# https://blog.joss.theoj.org/2018/12/a-new-collaboration-with-aas-publishing
aas-doi: 10.3847/xxxxx <- update this with the DOI from AAS once you know it.
aas-journal: Astrophysical Journal <- The name of the AAS journal.
---

# Summary

The impacts of economic shocks (caused by natural or technological disasters for
instance) often extend far beyond the cost of replacing their local, direct
instance) often extend far beyond the cost of their local, direct
consequences, as the economic perturbations they cause propagates along supply
chains. Understanding the additional impacts and costs stemming from this
propagation is key to design efficient risk management policies. The interest
for the evaluation of theses "indirect risks" is raising in the context of
climate change (raising in average the risk of weather extremes
propagation is key to design efficient risk management policies. The interest is raising
for the evaluation of theses "indirect risks" in the context of
climate change (which leads to an increase in the average risk of weather extremes
[@lange-2020-projec-expos]) and globalized-just-in-time production processes.
Such evaluations rely on dynamic economic models that represent the interactions
between multiples regions and sectors. Recent research in the field argues in
favor of using more Agent-Based oriented model, associated with an increase in
the complexity of the mechanisms represented [@coronese-2022-econom-impac].
However, the assumptions and hypotheses underlying these economic mechanisms can
However, the assumptions and hypotheses underlying these economic mechanisms
vary a lot, and sometime lack transparency, making it difficult to properly
interpret and compare results across models, even more so when the code used is
not published.
not published or undocumented.

The Adaptive Regional Input-Output model (or ARIO) is an hybrid input-output /
agent-based economic model, designed to compute such indirect costs from
agent-based economic model, designed to compute indirect costs consequent to
economic shocks. Its first version dates back to 2008 and has originally been
developed to assess the indirect costs of natural disasters
[@hallegatte-2008-adapt-region]. ARIO is a well-established and pivotal model in
the field of indirect impacts evaluation [@wu-2011-region-indir;
@ranger-2010-asses-poten; @henriet-2012-firm-networ;
@hallegatte-2013-model-role; @hallegatte-2010-asses-climat;
@hallegatte-2008-adapt-region; @guan-2020-global-suppl;
@jenkins-2013-indir-econom; @koks-2015-integ-direc; @wang-2020-econom-footp;
@wang-2018-quant-spatial].
[@hallegatte-2008-adapt-region]. ARIO is now a well-established and pivotal
model in its field, has been used in multiple studies, and has seen several
extensions or adaptations [@wu-2011-region-indir; @ranger-2010-asses-poten;
@henriet-2012-firm-networ; @hallegatte-2013-model-role;
@hallegatte-2010-asses-climat; @hallegatte-2008-adapt-region;
@guan-2020-global-suppl; @jenkins-2013-indir-econom; @koks-2015-integ-direc;
@wang-2020-econom-footp; @wang-2018-quant-spatial].

In ARIO, the economy is modelled as a set of economic sectors and regions, and
we call a specific (region,sector) couple an *industry*. Each industry produces
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