CGLIB runtime enhancement not supported on native image

[danthe1st]

Affects: Spring 6.0.11 / Spring Boot 3.1.2

---

For reproducing the issue, I highly recommend starting with the attached reproducer linked below.

Assume an application with the following components:

• Spring Boot 3.1.2
• Spring JPA
• Spring Security
• Spring Web
• Spring test
• Spring Security test
• H2 as a database (for tests, I don't think the DB affects this issue)

Let this application have a controller with an endpoint accepting a MultipartFile RequestParam that calls an @Transactional method.
Add an entity with a String field (@Id) and a CrudRepository with a getBy<The string field>.
Add an ApplicationListener<ApplicationReadyEvent> which calls the above method.
Add a @SpringBootTest with two @Test methods, one of them annotated with @WithMockUser. These test methods can be empty.

Run the tests using native-image with mvn -PnativeTest test. An exception like the following should occur:

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext for [AotMergedContextConfiguration@5207f8d0 testClass = io.github.danthe1st.spring_test.SpringTestApplicationTests, contextInitializerClass = io.github.danthe1st.spring_test.SpringTestApplicationTests__TestContext001_ApplicationContextInitializer, original = [WebMergedContextConfiguration@6b119ba0 testClass = io.github.danthe1st.spring_test.SpringTestApplicationTests, locations = [], classes = [io.github.danthe1st.spring_test.SpringTestApplication], contextInitializerClasses = [], activeProfiles = [], propertySourceLocations = [], propertySourceProperties = ["org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper=true"], contextCustomizers = [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.actuate.observability.ObservabilityContextCustomizerFactory$DisableObservabilityContextCustomizer@1f, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.properties.PropertyMappingContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.WebDriverContextCustomizerFactory$Customizer@64e953ce, org.springframework.boot.test.context.filter.ExcludeFilterContextCustomizer@29866a5b, org.springframework.boot.test.json.DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizerFactory$DuplicateJsonObjectContextCustomizer@329bad59, org.springframework.boot.test.mock.mockito.MockitoContextCustomizer@0, org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer@24c2dbca, org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTestAnnotation@6c69f2e0], resourceBasePath = "src/main/webapp", contextLoader = org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader, parent = null]]
       org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:143)
       org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:127)
       org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:191)
       org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:130)
       org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:241)
       [...]
     Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'someController': Unexpected AOP exception
       org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:605)
       org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:520)
       org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:326)
       org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234)
       org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324)
       [...]
     Caused by: org.springframework.aop.framework.AopConfigException: Unexpected AOP exception
       org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy.buildProxy(CglibAopProxy.java:228)
       org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy.getProxy(CglibAopProxy.java:155)
       org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactory.getProxy(ProxyFactory.java:110)
       org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAutoProxyCreator.buildProxy(AbstractAutoProxyCreator.java:517)
       org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.AbstractAutoProxyCreator.createProxy(AbstractAutoProxyCreator.java:464)
       [...]
     Caused by: java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: CGLIB runtime enhancement not supported on native image. Make sure to include a pre-generated class on the classpath instead: io.github.danthe1st.spring_test.SomeController$$SpringCGLIB$$1
       org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator.generate(AbstractClassGenerator.java:363)
       org.springframework.cglib.proxy.Enhancer.generate(Enhancer.java:575)
       org.springframework.cglib.core.AbstractClassGenerator$ClassLoaderData.lambda$new$1(AbstractClassGenerator.java:107)
       org.springframework.cglib.core.internal.LoadingCache.lambda$createEntry$1(LoadingCache.java:52)
       java.base@17.0.5/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
       [...]

Reproducer: https://github.com/danthe1st/spring-cglib-repro/actions/runs/5648996009
Build log with error: https://github.com/danthe1st/spring-cglib-repro/actions/runs/5648996009/job/15302392597

This issue is similar to #30937 but the error is different so I decided to report both issues.

[snicoll]

same as #30937 (comment)

[danthe1st]

When trying to reproduce the issue, it only happened with @Transactional (without it, I got to the other issue).
MultipartFile is actually not required (I thought it was required because removing it caused the issue to disappear at some point in the process of creating the reproducer).
I also added the enhancement plugin to the reproducer (this doesn't change anything and I have previously removed it so I can reduce the reproducer as much as possible).
I assume that @Transactional causes the proxy class to be required/generated (at runtime).

The reproducer is now updated.
The other issue is a bit different, I'll do similar steps there as well.

[snicoll]

Thanks. The runtime expects io.github.danthe1st.spring_test.SomeController$$SpringCGLIB$$1 but only io.github.danthe1st.spring_test.SomeController$$SpringCGLIB$$0 has been generated. It looks like a second proxy is required that isn't discovered by AOT.

@jhoeller any idea how we could debug this?

[danthe1st]

Output of the mvn test -PnativeTest command (for the future in case the GitHub Actions log expired):
build.log

[danthe1st]

Is there any chance in getting this finding out how this can be debugged/finding out why the second proxy would be necessary/why it isn't generated?
To me, this seems like an issue that would be applicable in many cases.

[sbrannen]

@danthe1st, what happens if you remove hibernate-enhance-maven-plugin from pom.xml?

[danthe1st]

Originally, I didn't have the hibernate enhancer plugin in my reproducer and I just added it after #30939 (comment) but I will update it.

[danthe1st]

I have removed the plugin in a branch named cglib-no-hibernate-enhancer in my reproducer. You can find the build log here.
As you can see, the error still occurs.

@sbrannen