ci: add meson build/tests with asan/ubsan/msan

[mochaaP]

Notes:

• msan is not supported on gcc
• msvc has limited support - namely on globals + ctest

Additional smoke tests that are not in this PR - let me know if you're interested in any of them:

• doesn't cover tcc/chibicc - they require manual builds
• doesn't cover clang static checks - out of scope & need clang tooling configuration
• doesn't cover mingw native/cross builds
• doesn't cover zig cc (clang + cross tuples) builds
• code coverage integration

[mochaaP]

ubsan fails on my machine:

gcc:

stderr:
../include/stc/stack.h:72:13: runtime error: applying non-zero offset 18446744073709551615 to null pointer
    #0 0x402026 in stack_c_clear ../include/stc/stack.h:72
    #1 0x40211b in stack_c_drop ../include/stc/stack.h:78
    #2 0x402678 in main ../misc/examples/vectors/stack.c:29
    #3 0x7f4e558121c7 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x41c7) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #4 0x7f4e5581228a in __libc_start_main_impl (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x428a) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #5 0x4011b4 in _start (/home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build/misc/examples/vectors/stack+0x4011b4) (BuildId: fe1e2b4122e0bb621ca77b791a0ea5a4ba221a03)

SUMMARY: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior ../include/stc/stack.h:72:13 in 

clang:

../include/stc/stack.h:71:30: runtime error: applying zero offset to null pointer
    #0 0x0000004e42da in stack_c_clear /home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/../include/stc/stack.h:71:30
    #1 0x0000004e3ac4 in stack_c_drop /home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/../include/stc/stack.h:78:5
    #2 0x0000004e2ee8 in main /home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/../misc/examples/vectors/stack.c:29:5
    #3 0x7ff5bc2881c7 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x41c7) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #4 0x7ff5bc28828a in __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x428a) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #5 0x000000401374 in _start (/home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/misc/examples/vectors/stack+0x401374) (BuildId: fe8e4ae99b482c5e9e3ba6f8b245f1e875ca03bc)

SUMMARY: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior ../include/stc/stack.h:71:30 

[mochaaP]

clang detects more error:

../misc/examples/coroutines/cotasks2.c:97:5: runtime error: call to function consume_items through pointer to incorrect function type 'int (*)(struct cco_task *, struct cco_runtime *)'
/home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/../misc/examples/coroutines/cotasks2.c:71: note: consume_items defined here
    #0 0x0000004e573a in main /home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/../misc/examples/coroutines/cotasks2.c:97:5
    #1 0x7f65ed7db1c7 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x41c7) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #2 0x7f65ed7db28a in __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x428a) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #3 0x0000004013a4 in _start (/home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/misc/examples/coroutines/cotasks2+0x4013a4) (BuildId: 493b0e9de2e42e26b2fa80fc3a2f72d7eea845d0)

SUMMARY: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior ../misc/examples/coroutines/cotasks2.c:97:5 

../misc/examples/coroutines/filetask.c:80:5: runtime error: call to function count_line through pointer to incorrect function type 'int (*)(struct cco_task *, struct cco_runtime *)'
/home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/../misc/examples/coroutines/filetask.c:49: note: count_line defined here
    #0 0x0000004e4a5d in main /home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/../misc/examples/coroutines/filetask.c:80:5
    #1 0x7fcd2a0851c7 in __libc_start_call_main (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x41c7) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #2 0x7fcd2a08528a in __libc_start_main@GLIBC_2.2.5 (/lib64/libc.so.6+0x428a) (BuildId: 9c36f77df28d1669a4f90a66c6da3fe355a08add)
    #3 0x000000401384 in _start (/home/mochaa/ghq/github.com/stclib/STC/build-clang/misc/examples/coroutines/filetask+0x401384) (BuildId: c8adf8b2cbdca7d5937a082fa4cd76770bbb3cb9)

SUMMARY: UndefinedBehaviorSanitizer: undefined-behavior ../misc/examples/coroutines/filetask.c:80:5 

[mochaaP]

All test passed 🥳

[mochaaP]

cc @tylov - anytime to check on this?

[tylov]

Thanks, will do tonight.

[mochaaP]

you shall also sort the additional tests and integrations by your interest, so I could implement this in a specific order. my personal priority:

1. clang-format (need to discuss a sane config), clang-tidy, scan-build
2. codecov
3. mingw cross builds
4. stcsingle & utf8_tab custom target
5. zig cc builds
6. tcc build script

[tylov]

Great, but why include <stdio.h>?

[tylov]

My intention was to use size_t and not uint64_t for hashing because it should work optimally on 32-bit as well. The hash function is designed for that. You can include <stddef.h> to get size_t on all platforms.

[mochaaP]

Great, but why include <stdio.h>?

Seems clangd auto-included that and I didn't notice. Will fix it.

[mochaaP]

My intention was to use size_t and not uint64_t for hashing because it should work optimally on 32-bit as well. The hash function is designed for that. You can include <stddef.h> to get size_t on all platforms.

I see many inconsistencies in the repo:
uint32_t: https://github.com/stclib/STC/blob/v50dev/docs/hmap_api.md?plain=1#L288
size_t, uint64_t: aforementioned

there are also many APIs using uint64_t as the hash return type. if you'd like to refactor it, let's move it to another PR :)

[tylov]

Thanks for this contribution! I will test this out some more, but it's a very good start.