InflightReadsLimiter - limit the memory used by reads end-to-end (#5920)

* InflightReadsLimiter - limit the memory used by reads end-to-end (from storage/cache to the write to the consumer channel) (apache#18245)

* InflightReadsLimiter - limit the memory used by reads end-to-end (from storage/cache to the write to the consumer channel)

Motivation:

Broker can go out of memory due to many reads enqueued on the PersistentDispatcherMultipleConsumers dispatchMessagesThread (that is used in case of dispatcherDispatchMessagesInSubscriptionThread set to true, that is the default value)
The limit of the amount of memory retained due to reads MUST take into account also the entries coming from the Cache.

When dispatcherDispatchMessagesInSubscriptionThread is false (the behaviour of Pulsar 2.10) there is some kind of natural (but still unpredictable!!) back pressure mechanism because the thread that receives the entries from BK of the cache dispatches immediately and synchronously the entries to the consumer and releases them

Modifications:

- Add a new component (InflightReadsLimiter) that keeps track of the overall amount of memory retained due to inflight reads.
- Add a new configuration entry managedLedgerMaxReadsInFlightSizeInMB
- The feature is disabled by default
- Add new metrics to track the values

* Change error message

* checkstyle

* Fix license

* remove duplicate method after cherry-pick

* Rename onDeallocate

(cherry picked from commit 6fec66b)
(cherry picked from commit 47c98e5)

* [fix][broker][branch-2.10] limit the memory used by reads end-to-end

(cherry picked from commit eeb80e1)

* remove gpg plugin

* remove release profile

* remove release plugin

* Revert "remove release plugin"

This reverts commit 20522ea.

* Revert "remove release profile"

This reverts commit 64627fd.

* Revert "remove gpg plugin"

This reverts commit 8054d59.

---------

Co-authored-by: Enrico Olivelli <eolivelli@apache.org>

conf/broker.conf

@@ -1064,7 +1064,15 @@ managedLedgerCursorRolloverTimeInSeconds=14400
 # crashes.
 managedLedgerMaxUnackedRangesToPersist=10000
 
-# Max number of "acknowledgment holes" that can be stored in Zookeeper. If number of unack message range is higher
+# Maximum amount of memory used hold data read from storage (or from the cache).
+# This mechanism prevents the broker to have too many concurrent
+# reads from storage and fall into Out of Memory errors in case
+# of multiple concurrent reads to multiple concurrent consumers.
+# Set 0 in order to disable the feature.
+#
+managedLedgerMaxReadsInFlightSizeInMB=0
+
+# Max number of "acknowledgment holes" that can be stored in MetadataStore. If number of unack message range is higher
 # than this limit then broker will persist unacked ranges into bookkeeper to avoid additional data overhead into
 # zookeeper.
 managedLedgerMaxUnackedRangesToPersistInZooKeeper=1000

managed-ledger/src/main/java/org/apache/bookkeeper/mledger/ManagedLedgerFactoryConfig.java

@@ -57,6 +57,11 @@ public class ManagedLedgerFactoryConfig {
      */
     private boolean copyEntriesInCache = false;
 
+    /**
+     * Maximum number of (estimated) data in-flight reading from storage and the cache.
+     */
+    private long managedLedgerMaxReadsInFlightSize = 0;
+
     /**
      * Whether trace managed ledger task execution time.
      */

managed-ledger/src/main/java/org/apache/bookkeeper/mledger/impl/EntryImpl.java

@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ protected EntryImpl newObject(Handle<EntryImpl> handle) {
     private long entryId;
     ByteBuf data;
 
+    private Runnable onDeallocate;
+
     public static EntryImpl create(LedgerEntry ledgerEntry) {
         EntryImpl entry = RECYCLER.get();
         entry.timestamp = System.nanoTime();
@@ -103,6 +105,22 @@ private EntryImpl(Recycler.Handle<EntryImpl> recyclerHandle) {
         this.recyclerHandle = recyclerHandle;
     }
 
+    public void onDeallocate(Runnable r) {
+        if (this.onDeallocate == null) {
+            this.onDeallocate = r;
+        } else {
+            // this is not expected to happen
+            Runnable previous = this.onDeallocate;
+            this.onDeallocate = () -> {
+                try {
+                    previous.run();
+                } finally {
+                    r.run();
+                }
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
     public long getTimestamp() {
         return timestamp;
     }
@@ -160,6 +178,13 @@ public ReferenceCounted touch(Object hint) {
     @Override
     protected void deallocate() {
         // This method is called whenever the ref-count of the EntryImpl reaches 0, so that now we can recycle it
+        if (onDeallocate != null) {
+            try {
+                onDeallocate.run();
+            } finally {
+                onDeallocate = null;
+            }
+        }
         data.release();
         data = null;
         timestamp = -1;

managed-ledger/src/main/java/org/apache/bookkeeper/mledger/impl/cache/InflightReadsLimiter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+/**
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.impl.cache;
+
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import io.prometheus.client.Gauge;
+import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
+import lombok.ToString;
+import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
+
+@Slf4j
+public class InflightReadsLimiter {
+
+    private static final Gauge PULSAR_ML_READS_BUFFER_SIZE = Gauge
+            .build()
+            .name("pulsar_ml_reads_inflight_bytes")
+            .help("Estimated number of bytes retained by data read from storage or cache")
+            .register();
+
+    private static final Gauge PULSAR_ML_READS_AVAILABLE_BUFFER_SIZE = Gauge
+            .build()
+            .name("pulsar_ml_reads_available_inflight_bytes")
+            .help("Available space for inflight data read from storage or cache")
+            .register();
+
+    private final long maxReadsInFlightSize;
+    private long remainingBytes;
+
+    public InflightReadsLimiter(long maxReadsInFlightSize) {
+        if (maxReadsInFlightSize <= 0) {
+            // set it to -1 in order to show in the metrics that the metric is not available
+            PULSAR_ML_READS_BUFFER_SIZE.set(-1);
+            PULSAR_ML_READS_AVAILABLE_BUFFER_SIZE.set(-1);
+        }
+        this.maxReadsInFlightSize = maxReadsInFlightSize;
+        this.remainingBytes = maxReadsInFlightSize;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public synchronized long getRemainingBytes() {
+        return remainingBytes;
+    }
+
+    @AllArgsConstructor
+    @ToString
+    static class Handle {
+        final long acquiredPermits;
+        final boolean success;
+        final int trials;
+
+        final long creationTime;
+    }
+
+    private static final Handle DISABLED = new Handle(0, true, 0, -1);
+
+    Handle acquire(long permits, Handle current) {
+        if (maxReadsInFlightSize <= 0) {
+            // feature is disabled
+            return DISABLED;
+        }
+        synchronized (this) {
+            try {
+                if (current == null) {
+                    if (remainingBytes == 0) {
+                        return new Handle(0, false, 1, System.currentTimeMillis());
+                    }
+                    if (remainingBytes >= permits) {
+                        remainingBytes -= permits;
+                        return new Handle(permits, true, 1, System.currentTimeMillis());
+                    } else {
+                        long possible = remainingBytes;
+                        remainingBytes = 0;
+                        return new Handle(possible, false, 1, System.currentTimeMillis());
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (current.trials >= 4 && current.acquiredPermits > 0) {
+                        remainingBytes += current.acquiredPermits;
+                        return new Handle(0, false, 1, current.creationTime);
+                    }
+                    if (remainingBytes == 0) {
+                        return new Handle(current.acquiredPermits, false, current.trials + 1,
+                                current.creationTime);
+                    }
+                    long needed = permits - current.acquiredPermits;
+                    if (remainingBytes >= needed) {
+                        remainingBytes -= needed;
+                        return new Handle(permits, true, current.trials + 1, current.creationTime);
+                    } else {
+                        long possible = remainingBytes;
+                        remainingBytes = 0;
+                        return new Handle(current.acquiredPermits + possible, false,
+                                current.trials + 1, current.creationTime);
+                    }
+                }
+            } finally {
+                updateMetrics();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void release(Handle handle) {
+        if (handle == DISABLED) {
+            return;
+        }
+        synchronized (this) {
+            remainingBytes += handle.acquiredPermits;
+            updateMetrics();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void updateMetrics() {
+        PULSAR_ML_READS_BUFFER_SIZE.set(maxReadsInFlightSize - remainingBytes);
+        PULSAR_ML_READS_AVAILABLE_BUFFER_SIZE.set(remainingBytes);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isDisabled() {
+        return maxReadsInFlightSize <= 0;
+    }
+
+
+}

managed-ledger/src/main/java/org/apache/bookkeeper/mledger/impl/cache/RangeEntryCacheImpl.java

@@ -21,18 +21,23 @@
 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkArgument;
 import static com.google.common.base.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
 import static org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.impl.ManagedLedgerImpl.createManagedLedgerException;
+import com.google.common.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
 import com.google.common.primitives.Longs;
 import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
 import io.netty.buffer.PooledByteBufAllocator;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.client.api.BKException;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.client.api.LedgerEntry;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.client.api.ReadHandle;
+import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.AsyncCallbacks;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.AsyncCallbacks.ReadEntriesCallback;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.AsyncCallbacks.ReadEntryCallback;
+import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.Entry;
+import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.ManagedLedgerConfig;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.ManagedLedgerException;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.impl.EntryImpl;
 import org.apache.bookkeeper.mledger.impl.ManagedLedgerImpl;
@@ -48,18 +53,26 @@
  */
 public class RangeEntryCacheImpl implements EntryCache {
 
+    /**
+     * Overhead per-entry to take into account the envelope.
+     */
+    private static final long BOOKKEEPER_READ_OVERHEAD_PER_ENTRY = 64;
+
     private final RangeEntryCacheManagerImpl manager;
     private final ManagedLedgerImpl ml;
     private ManagedLedgerInterceptor interceptor;
     private final RangeCache<PositionImpl, EntryImpl> entries;
     private final boolean copyEntries;
+    private volatile long estimatedEntrySize = 10 * 1024;
 
+    private final long readEntryTimeoutMillis;
     private static final double MB = 1024 * 1024;
 
     public RangeEntryCacheImpl(RangeEntryCacheManagerImpl manager, ManagedLedgerImpl ml, boolean copyEntries) {
         this.manager = manager;
         this.ml = ml;
         this.interceptor = ml.getManagedLedgerInterceptor();
+        this.readEntryTimeoutMillis = getManagedLedgerConfig().getReadEntryTimeoutSeconds();
         this.entries = new RangeCache<>(EntryImpl::getLength, EntryImpl::getTimestamp);
         this.copyEntries = copyEntries;
 
@@ -68,11 +81,21 @@ public RangeEntryCacheImpl(RangeEntryCacheManagerImpl manager, ManagedLedgerImpl
         }
     }
 
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    ManagedLedgerConfig getManagedLedgerConfig() {
+        return ml.getConfig();
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String getName() {
         return ml.getName();
     }
 
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    InflightReadsLimiter getPendingReadsLimiter() {
+        return manager.getInflightReadsLimiter();
+    }
+
     public static final PooledByteBufAllocator ALLOCATOR = new PooledByteBufAllocator(true, // preferDirect
             0, // nHeapArenas,
             PooledByteBufAllocator.defaultNumDirectArena(), // nDirectArena
@@ -256,6 +279,19 @@ public void asyncReadEntry(ReadHandle lh, long firstEntry, long lastEntry, boole
     @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
     private void asyncReadEntry0(ReadHandle lh, long firstEntry, long lastEntry, boolean isSlowestReader,
             final ReadEntriesCallback callback, Object ctx) {
+        asyncReadEntry0WithLimits(lh, firstEntry, lastEntry, isSlowestReader, callback, ctx, null);
+    }
+
+    void asyncReadEntry0WithLimits(ReadHandle lh, long firstEntry, long lastEntry, boolean isSlowestReader,
+        final ReadEntriesCallback originalCallback, Object ctx, InflightReadsLimiter.Handle handle) {
+
+        final AsyncCallbacks.ReadEntriesCallback callback =
+                handlePendingReadsLimits(lh, firstEntry, lastEntry, isSlowestReader,
+                        originalCallback, ctx, handle);
+        if (callback == null) {
+            return;
+        }
+
         final long ledgerId = lh.getId();
         final int entriesToRead = (int) (lastEntry - firstEntry) + 1;
         final PositionImpl firstPosition = PositionImpl.get(lh.getId(), firstEntry);
@@ -329,6 +365,77 @@ private void asyncReadEntry0(ReadHandle lh, long firstEntry, long lastEntry, boo
         }
     }
 
+
+    private AsyncCallbacks.ReadEntriesCallback handlePendingReadsLimits(ReadHandle lh,
+                                                                        long firstEntry, long lastEntry,
+                                                                        boolean shouldCacheEntry,
+                                                                        AsyncCallbacks.ReadEntriesCallback
+                                                                                originalCallback,
+                                                                        Object ctx,
+                                                                        InflightReadsLimiter.Handle handle) {
+        InflightReadsLimiter pendingReadsLimiter = getPendingReadsLimiter();
+        if (pendingReadsLimiter.isDisabled()) {
+            return originalCallback;
+        }
+        long estimatedReadSize = (1 + lastEntry - firstEntry)
+                * (estimatedEntrySize + BOOKKEEPER_READ_OVERHEAD_PER_ENTRY);
+        final AsyncCallbacks.ReadEntriesCallback callback;
+        InflightReadsLimiter.Handle newHandle = pendingReadsLimiter.acquire(estimatedReadSize, handle);
+        if (!newHandle.success) {
+            long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
+            if (now - newHandle.creationTime > readEntryTimeoutMillis) {
+                String message = "Time-out elapsed while acquiring enough permits "
+                        + "on the memory limiter to read from ledger "
+                        + lh.getId()
+                        + ", " + getName()
+                        + ", estimated read size " + estimatedReadSize + " bytes"
+                        + " for " + (1 + lastEntry - firstEntry)
+                        + " entries (check managedLedgerMaxReadsInFlightSizeInMB)";
+                log.error(message);
+                pendingReadsLimiter.release(newHandle);
+                originalCallback.readEntriesFailed(
+                        new ManagedLedgerException.TooManyRequestsException(message), ctx);
+                return null;
+            }
+            ml.getExecutor().submitOrdered(lh.getId(), () -> {
+                asyncReadEntry0WithLimits(lh, firstEntry, lastEntry, shouldCacheEntry,
+                        originalCallback, ctx, newHandle);
+                return null;
+            });
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            callback = new AsyncCallbacks.ReadEntriesCallback() {
+
+                @Override
+                public void readEntriesComplete(List<Entry> entries, Object ctx) {
+                    if (!entries.isEmpty()) {
+                        long size = entries.get(0).getLength();
+                        estimatedEntrySize = size;
+
+                        AtomicInteger remainingCount = new AtomicInteger(entries.size());
+                        for (Entry entry : entries) {
+                            ((EntryImpl) entry).onDeallocate(() -> {
+                                if (remainingCount.decrementAndGet() <= 0) {
+                                    pendingReadsLimiter.release(newHandle);
+                                }
+                            });
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        pendingReadsLimiter.release(newHandle);
+                    }
+                    originalCallback.readEntriesComplete(entries, ctx);
+                }
+
+                @Override
+                public void readEntriesFailed(ManagedLedgerException exception, Object ctx) {
+                    pendingReadsLimiter.release(newHandle);
+                    originalCallback.readEntriesFailed(exception, ctx);
+                }
+            };
+        }
+        return callback;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public void clear() {
         Pair<Integer, Long> removedPair = entries.clear();