feat(prefer-const): add rule (#933)

Co-authored-by: baseballyama <xydybaseball@gmail.com>

.changeset/green-squids-compete.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+'eslint-plugin-svelte': minor
+---
+
+Add `prefer-const` rule

README.md

@@ -367,6 +367,7 @@ These rules relate to better ways of doing things to help you avoid problems:
 | [svelte/no-unused-class-name](https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/no-unused-class-name/) | disallow the use of a class in the template without a corresponding style |  |
 | [svelte/no-unused-svelte-ignore](https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/no-unused-svelte-ignore/) | disallow unused svelte-ignore comments | :star: |
 | [svelte/no-useless-mustaches](https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/no-useless-mustaches/) | disallow unnecessary mustache interpolations | :wrench: |
+| [svelte/prefer-const](https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/prefer-const/) | Require `const` declarations for variables that are never reassigned after declared | :wrench: |
 | [svelte/prefer-destructured-store-props](https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/prefer-destructured-store-props/) | destructure values from object stores for better change tracking & fewer redraws | :bulb: |
 | [svelte/require-each-key](https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/require-each-key/) | require keyed `{#each}` block |  |
 | [svelte/require-event-dispatcher-types](https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/require-event-dispatcher-types/) | require type parameters for `createEventDispatcher` |  |

docs/rules.md

@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ These rules relate to better ways of doing things to help you avoid problems:
 | [svelte/no-unused-class-name](./rules/no-unused-class-name.md)                           | disallow the use of a class in the template without a corresponding style                                                                 |          |
 | [svelte/no-unused-svelte-ignore](./rules/no-unused-svelte-ignore.md)                     | disallow unused svelte-ignore comments                                                                                                    | :star:   |
 | [svelte/no-useless-mustaches](./rules/no-useless-mustaches.md)                           | disallow unnecessary mustache interpolations                                                                                              | :wrench: |
+| [svelte/prefer-const](./rules/prefer-const.md)                                           | Require `const` declarations for variables that are never reassigned after declared                                                       | :wrench: |
 | [svelte/prefer-destructured-store-props](./rules/prefer-destructured-store-props.md)     | destructure values from object stores for better change tracking & fewer redraws                                                          | :bulb:   |
 | [svelte/require-each-key](./rules/require-each-key.md)                                   | require keyed `{#each}` block                                                                                                             |          |
 | [svelte/require-event-dispatcher-types](./rules/require-event-dispatcher-types.md)       | require type parameters for `createEventDispatcher`                                                                                       |          |

docs/rules/prefer-const.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+---
+pageClass: 'rule-details'
+sidebarDepth: 0
+title: 'svelte/prefer-const'
+description: 'Require `const` declarations for variables that are never reassigned after declared'
+---
+
+# svelte/prefer-const
+
+> Require `const` declarations for variables that are never reassigned after declared
+
+- :exclamation: <badge text="This rule has not been released yet." vertical="middle" type="error"> **_This rule has not been released yet._** </badge>
+- :wrench: The `--fix` option on the [command line](https://eslint.org/docs/user-guide/command-line-interface#fixing-problems) can automatically fix some of the problems reported by this rule.
+
+## :book: Rule Details
+
+This rule reports the same as the base ESLint `prefer-const` rule, except that ignores Svelte reactive values such as `$derived` and `$props`. If this rule is active, make sure to disable the base `prefer-const` rule, as it will conflict with this rule.
+
+<!--eslint-skip-->
+
+```svelte
+<script>
+  /* eslint svelte/prefer-const: "error" */
+
+  // ✓ GOOD
+  const { a, b } = $props();
+  let c = $state('');
+  let d = $derived(a * 2);
+  let e = $derived.by(() => b * 2);
+
+  // ✗ BAD
+  let obj = { a, b };
+  let g = $state(0);
+  let h = $state({ count: 1 });
+</script>
+
+<input bind:value={c} />
+<input bind:value={h.count} />
+```
+
+## :wrench: Options
+
+```json
+{
+  "svelte/prefer-const": [
+    "error",
+    {
+      "destructuring": "any",
+      "ignoreReadonly": true
+    }
+  ]
+}
+```
+
+- `destructuring`: The kind of the way to address variables in destructuring. There are 2 values:
+  - `any` (default): if any variables in destructuring should be const, this rule warns for those variables.
+  - `all`: if all variables in destructuring should be const, this rule warns the variables. Otherwise, ignores them.
+- `ignoreReadonly`: If `true`, this rule will ignore variables that are read between the declaration and the _first_ assignment.
+
+## :books: Further Reading
+
+- See [ESLint `prefer-const` rule](https://eslint.org/docs/latest/rules/prefer-const) for more information about the base rule.
+
+## :mag: Implementation
+
+- [Rule source](https://github.com/sveltejs/eslint-plugin-svelte/blob/main/packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/src/rules/prefer-const.ts)
+- [Test source](https://github.com/sveltejs/eslint-plugin-svelte/blob/main/packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/tests/src/rules/prefer-const.ts)
+
+<sup>Taken with ❤️ [from ESLint core](https://eslint.org/docs/rules/prefer-const)</sup>

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/src/rule-types.ts

@@ -264,6 +264,11 @@ export interface RuleOptions {
    * @see https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/prefer-class-directive/
    */
   'svelte/prefer-class-directive'?: Linter.RuleEntry<SveltePreferClassDirective>
+  /**
+   * Require `const` declarations for variables that are never reassigned after declared
+   * @see https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/prefer-const/
+   */
+  'svelte/prefer-const'?: Linter.RuleEntry<SveltePreferConst>
   /**
    * destructure values from object stores for better change tracking & fewer redraws
    * @see https://sveltejs.github.io/eslint-plugin-svelte/rules/prefer-destructured-store-props/
@@ -485,6 +490,11 @@ type SvelteNoUselessMustaches = []|[{
 type SveltePreferClassDirective = []|[{
   prefer?: ("always" | "empty")
 }]
+// ----- svelte/prefer-const -----
+type SveltePreferConst = []|[{
+  destructuring?: ("any" | "all")
+  ignoreReadBeforeAssign?: boolean
+}]
 // ----- svelte/shorthand-attribute -----
 type SvelteShorthandAttribute = []|[{
   prefer?: ("always" | "never")

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/src/rules/prefer-const.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import type { TSESTree } from '@typescript-eslint/types';
+
+import { createRule } from '../utils/index.js';
+import { defineWrapperListener, getCoreRule } from '../utils/eslint-core.js';
+
+const coreRule = getCoreRule('prefer-const');
+
+/**
+ * Finds and returns the callee of a declaration node within variable declarations or object patterns.
+ */
+function findDeclarationCallee(node: TSESTree.Expression) {
+	const { parent } = node;
+	if (parent.type === 'VariableDeclarator' && parent.init?.type === 'CallExpression') {
+		return parent.init.callee;
+	}
+
+	return null;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Determines if a declaration should be skipped in the const preference analysis.
+ * Specifically checks for Svelte's state management utilities ($props, $derived).
+ */
+function shouldSkipDeclaration(declaration: TSESTree.Expression | null) {
+	if (!declaration) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	const callee = findDeclarationCallee(declaration);
+	if (!callee) {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (callee.type === 'Identifier' && ['$props', '$derived'].includes(callee.name)) {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	if (callee.type !== 'MemberExpression' || callee.object.type !== 'Identifier') {
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (
+		callee.object.name === '$derived' &&
+		callee.property.type === 'Identifier' &&
+		callee.property.name === 'by'
+	) {
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return false;
+}
+
+export default createRule('prefer-const', {
+	meta: {
+		...coreRule.meta,
+		docs: {
+			description: coreRule.meta.docs.description,
+			category: 'Best Practices',
+			recommended: false,
+			extensionRule: 'prefer-const'
+		}
+	},
+	create(context) {
+		return defineWrapperListener(coreRule, context, {
+			createListenerProxy(coreListener) {
+				return {
+					...coreListener,
+					VariableDeclaration(node) {
+						for (const decl of node.declarations) {
+							if (shouldSkipDeclaration(decl.init)) {
+								return;
+							}
+						}
+
+						coreListener.VariableDeclaration?.(node);
+					}
+				};
+			}
+		});
+	}
+});

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/src/types.ts

@@ -232,6 +232,8 @@ export interface SourceCode {
 
 	getLines(): string[];
 
+	getDeclaredVariables(node: TSESTree.Node): Variable[];
+
 	getAllComments(): AST.Comment[];
 
 	getComments(node: NodeOrToken): {

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/src/utils/rules.ts

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ import noUnusedClassName from '../rules/no-unused-class-name.js';
 import noUnusedSvelteIgnore from '../rules/no-unused-svelte-ignore.js';
 import noUselessMustaches from '../rules/no-useless-mustaches.js';
 import preferClassDirective from '../rules/prefer-class-directive.js';
+import preferConst from '../rules/prefer-const.js';
 import preferDestructuredStoreProps from '../rules/prefer-destructured-store-props.js';
 import preferStyleDirective from '../rules/prefer-style-directive.js';
 import requireEachKey from '../rules/require-each-key.js';
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@ export const rules = [
 	noUnusedSvelteIgnore,
 	noUselessMustaches,
 	preferClassDirective,
+	preferConst,
 	preferDestructuredStoreProps,
 	preferStyleDirective,
 	requireEachKey,

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/tests/fixtures/rules/prefer-const/invalid/test01-errors.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+- message: "'zero' is never reassigned. Use 'const' instead."
+  line: 3
+  column: 6
+  suggestions: null
+- message: "'state' is never reassigned. Use 'const' instead."
+  line: 4
+  column: 6
+  suggestions: null
+- message: "'raw' is never reassigned. Use 'const' instead."
+  line: 5
+  column: 6
+  suggestions: null
+- message: "'doubled' is never reassigned. Use 'const' instead."
+  line: 6
+  column: 6
+  suggestions: null
+- message: "'calculated' is never reassigned. Use 'const' instead."
+  line: 8
+  column: 6
+  suggestions: null

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/tests/fixtures/rules/prefer-const/invalid/test01-input.svelte

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<script>
+	let { prop1, prop2 } = $props();
+	let zero = 0;
+	let state = $state(0);
+	let raw = $state.raw(0);
+	let doubled = state * 2;
+	let derived = $derived(state * 2);
+	let calculated = calc();
+	let derivedBy = $derived.by(calc());
+	let noInit;
+</script>

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/tests/fixtures/rules/prefer-const/invalid/test01-output.svelte

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<script>
+	let { prop1, prop2 } = $props();
+	const zero = 0;
+	const state = $state(0);
+	const raw = $state.raw(0);
+	const doubled = state * 2;
+	let derived = $derived(state * 2);
+	const calculated = calc();
+	let derivedBy = $derived.by(calc());
+	let noInit;
+</script>

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/tests/fixtures/rules/prefer-const/valid/test01-input.svelte

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+<script>
+	const a = {};
+</script>

packages/eslint-plugin-svelte/tests/src/rules/prefer-const.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { RuleTester } from '../../utils/eslint-compat';
+import rule from '../../../src/rules/prefer-const';
+import { loadTestCases } from '../../utils/utils';
+
+const tester = new RuleTester({
+	languageOptions: {
+		ecmaVersion: 2020,
+		sourceType: 'module'
+	},
+});
+
+tester.run('prefer-const', rule as any, loadTestCases('prefer-const'));