chore(package-builder): Update to ubuntu 24.04

[fornwall]

Points of interest from the ubuntu 22.04 -> 24.04 update:

• System python3 is now 3.12, compared to 3.10 previously.
• As our python package is version 3.11 and requires a host python of that version, we now use the deadsnakes ppa to install python 3.11, as upstream ubuntu no longer packages that python version.

Local testing

I've pushed a prebuilt image of this to docker hub, which can be tested out with:

CONTAINER_NAME=termux-builder-ubuntu-24.04 TERMUX_BUILDER_IMAGE_NAME=fredrikfornwall/termux-package-builder-ubuntu-24.04 ./scripts/run-docker.sh

To build and use the docker image locally with this branch checked out instead:

(cd scripts && docker build -t my-locally-built-builder . )
CONTAINER_NAME=termux-builder-ubuntu-24.04 TERMUX_BUILDER_IMAGE_NAME=my-locally-built-builder ./scripts/run-docker.sh

[Maxython]

I did some testing (package compilation) on the new docker container and there are 3 things I would like to point out:

1. Need to add installation of python3.12-venv package for termux_setup_python_pip function to work with python3.12.
2. When executing the command sudo apt update, the following message is displayed, which was not there before (Is this not critical for us?):
   
3. I need to reconfigure the cgct setup step because the current setup breaks the binaries from the cgt (Cross GCCs for Termux) package in the new docker container.

[fornwall]

1. Need to add installation of python3.12-venv package for termux_setup_python_pip function to work with python3.12.

Thanks, added python3.12-venv in b9f8185.

[fornwall]

2. When executing the command sudo apt update, the following message is displayed, which was not there before (Is this not critical for us?):

That warning is harmless (llvm is not providing host i386 packages, and we don't need it). But just added 053c24c to avoid that warning now.

[fornwall]

3. I need to reconfigure the cgct setup step because the current setup breaks the binaries from the cgt (Cross GCCs for Termux) package in the new docker container.

👍 let me know if I can help in any way!

[Maxython]

let me know if I can help in any way!

Thanks but no need, I can handle it myself.

[Maxython]

I've done some more testing and (sort of) everything looks good. I think I can safely close PR #21468.

[fornwall]

I've done some more testing and (sort of) everything looks good. I think I can safely close PR #21468.

Nice, thanks! Let's go for merging this shortly unless anyone has concerns or issues to look into?

[TomJo2000]

Worst case we need to roll back these commits.

But this looks all good to me.
Say, another 12 to 24 hours for final feedback?