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Merge pull request #39 from GBisi/patch-4
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Update 05-entanglement.Rmd
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thosgood authored Jan 9, 2024
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for *any* $\ket{\psi}$.
*But this is not true!*
The unitarity of the $\texttt{c-NOT}$ means that it turns *superpositions* in the control qubit into *entanglement* of the control and the target: if the control qubit is in the a superposition state $\ket{\psi} = \alpha\ket{0}+\beta\ket{1}$ (with $\alpha,\beta\neq0$), and the target is in $\ket{0}$, then the $\texttt{c-NOT}$ gate generates the entangled state
The unitarity of the $\texttt{c-NOT}$ means that it turns *superpositions* in the control qubit into *entanglement* of the control and the target: if the control qubit is in the superposition state $\ket{\psi} = \alpha\ket{0}+\beta\ket{1}$ (with $\alpha,\beta\neq0$), and the target is in $\ket{0}$, then the $\texttt{c-NOT}$ gate generates the entangled state
$$
\big( \alpha\ket{0}+\beta\ket{1} \big) \ket{0}
\xmapsto{\texttt{c-NOT}}
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This can be seen as a consequence of no-cloning: if we were able to turn a quantum state into classical information and then back again, we could simply clone the classical information and then get a cloned copy of our quantum state.
The name it a bit confusing, because we have just seen that *quantum* teleportation is possible through the use of entanglement, but it refers to the idea of *classical* teleportation of quantum states.
The name is a bit confusing, because we have just seen that *quantum* teleportation is possible through the use of entanglement, but it refers to the idea of *classical* teleportation of quantum states.
Note that the "converse" to this is possible though: if we start with some *classical* information then we can convert it to quantum information and then back again perfectly fine (for example, using the fact that orthogonal states can be perfectly distinguished).
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