morgan

HTTP request logger middleware for node.js

Named after Dexter, a show you should not watch until completion.

API

var morgan = require('morgan')

morgan(format, options)

Create a new morgan logger middleware function using the given format and options. The format argument may be a string of a predefined name (see below for the names), a string of a format string, or a function that will produce a log entry.

Options

Morgan accepts these properties in the options object.

immediate

Write log line on request instead of response. This means that a requests will be logged even if the server crashes, but data from the response (like the response code, content length, etc.) cannot be logged.

skip

Function to determine if logging is skipped, defaults to false. This function will be called as skip(req, res).

// EXAMPLE: only log error responses
morgan('combined', {
  skip: function (req, res) { return res.statusCode < 400 }
})

stream

Output stream for writing log lines, defaults to process.stdout.

Predefined Formats

There are various pre-defined formats provided:

combined

Standard Apache combined log output.

:remote-addr - :remote-user [:date[clf]] ":method :url HTTP/:http-version" :status :res[content-length] ":referrer" ":user-agent"

common

Standard Apache common log output.

:remote-addr - :remote-user [:date[clf]] ":method :url HTTP/:http-version" :status :res[content-length]

dev

Concise output colored by response status for development use. The :status token will be colored red for server error codes, yellow for client error codes, cyan for redirection codes, and uncolored for all other codes.

:method :url :status :response-time ms - :res[content-length]

short

Shorter than default, also including response time.

:remote-addr :remote-user :method :url HTTP/:http-version :status :res[content-length] - :response-time ms

tiny

The minimal output.

:method :url :status :res[content-length] - :response-time ms

Tokens

Creating new tokens

To define a token, simply invoke morgan.token() with the name and a callback function. This callback function is expected to return a string value. The value returned is then available as ":type" in this case:

morgan.token('type', function (req, res) { return req.headers['content-type'] })

Calling morgan.token() using the same name as an existing token will overwrite that token definition.

:date[format]

The current date and time in UTC. The available formats are:

• clf for the common log format ("10/Oct/2000:13:55:36 +0000")
• iso for the common ISO 8601 date time format (2000-10-10T13:55:36.000Z)
• web for the common RFC 1123 date time format (Tue, 10 Oct 2000 13:55:36 GMT)

If no format is given, then the default is web.

:http-version

The HTTP version of the request.

:method

The HTTP method of the request.

:referrer

The Referrer header of the request. This will use the standard mis-spelled Referer header if exists, otherwise Referrer.

:remote-addr

The remote address of the request. This will use req.ip, otherwise the standard req.connection.remoteAddress value (socket address).

:remote-user

The user authenticated as part of Basic auth for the request.

:req[header]

The given header of the request.

:res[header]

The given header of the response.

:response-time[digits]

The time between the request coming into morgan and when the response headers are written, in milliseconds.

The digits argument is a number that specifies the number of digits to include on the number, defaulting to 3, which provides microsecond precision.

:status

The status code of the response.

If the request/response cycle completes before a response was sent to the client (for example, the TCP socket closed prematurely by a client aborting the request), then the status will be empty (displayed as "-" in the log).

:url

The URL of the request. This will use req.originalUrl if exists, otherwise req.url.

:user-agent

The contents of the User-Agent header of the request.

morgan.compile(format)

Compile a format string into a function for use by morgan. A format string is a string that represents a single log line and can utilize token syntax. Tokens are references by :token-name. If tokens accept arguments, they can be passed using [], for example: :token-name[pretty] would pass the string 'pretty' as an argument to the token token-name.

Normally formats are defined using morgan.format(name, format), but for certain advanced uses, this compile function is directly available.

Examples

express/connect

Simple app that will log all request in the Apache combined format to STDOUT

var express = require('express')
var morgan = require('morgan')

var app = express()

app.use(morgan('combined'))

app.get('/', function (req, res) {
  res.send('hello, world!')
})

vanilla http server

Simple app that will log all request in the Apache combined format to STDOUT

var finalhandler = require('finalhandler')
var http = require('http')
var morgan = require('morgan')

// create "middleware"
var logger = morgan('combined')

http.createServer(function (req, res) {
  var done = finalhandler(req, res)
  logger(req, res, function (err) {
    if (err) return done(err)

    // respond to request
    res.setHeader('content-type', 'text/plain')
    res.end('hello, world!')
  })
})

write logs to a file

single file

Simple app that will log all requests in the Apache combined format to the file access.log.

var express = require('express')
var fs = require('fs')
var morgan = require('morgan')
var path = require('path')

var app = express()

// create a write stream (in append mode)
var accessLogStream = fs.createWriteStream(path.join(__dirname, 'access.log'), {flags: 'a'})

// setup the logger
app.use(morgan('combined', {stream: accessLogStream}))

app.get('/', function (req, res) {
  res.send('hello, world!')
})

log file rotation

Simple app that will log all requests in the Apache combined format to one log file per date in the log/ directory using the file-stream-rotator module.

var FileStreamRotator = require('file-stream-rotator')
var express = require('express')
var fs = require('fs')
var morgan = require('morgan')
var path = require('path')

var app = express()
var logDirectory = path.join(__dirname, 'log')

// ensure log directory exists
fs.existsSync(logDirectory) || fs.mkdirSync(logDirectory)

// create a rotating write stream
var accessLogStream = FileStreamRotator.getStream({
  date_format: 'YYYYMMDD',
  filename: path.join(logDirectory, 'access-%DATE%.log'),
  frequency: 'daily',
  verbose: false
})

// setup the logger
app.use(morgan('combined', {stream: accessLogStream}))

app.get('/', function (req, res) {
  res.send('hello, world!')
})

use custom token formats

Sample app that will use custom token formats. This adds an ID to all requests and displays it using the :id token.

var express = require('express')
var morgan = require('morgan')
var uuid = require('node-uuid')

morgan.token('id', function getId (req) {
  return req.id
})

var app = express()

app.use(assignId)
app.use(morgan(':id :method :url :response-time'))

app.get('/', function (req, res) {
  res.send('hello, world!')
})

function assignId (req, res, next) {
  req.id = uuid.v4()
  next()
}

License

MIT