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ts-element系列之设计流程#4
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@webVueBlog
webVueBlog
opened on Aug 8, 2022

组件的设计原则：一致、反馈、效率、可控。

6 大类，分别是基础组件、表单类组件、数据类组件、提示类组件、导航类组件和其它类型组件

packages 目录里维护 为了让每个组件可以单独打包，支持按需引入。

更推荐把组件库中的组件代码放在 src/components 目录中维护，然后通过修改 webpack 配置脚本也可以做到每个组件单独打包以及支持按需引入，源码放在 src 目录总是更合理的。

element-ui 组件的样式、公共样式都在 packages/theme-chalk 文件中，并且它是可以独立发布的。

element-ui 组件样式中的颜色、字体、线条等等样式都是通过变量的方式引入的，在 packages/theme-chalk/src/common/var.scss 中

在线替换主题 examples/components/theme/loader/index.vue 中

国际化 vue-i18n 方案 所有的国际化方案都会用到语言包 语言包通常会返回一个 JSON 格式的数据 组件库的语言包在 src/locale/lang 目录下

在模板的使用：{{ t('el.colorpicker.clear') }}

模板中用到的 t 函数，它定义在 src/mixins/locale.js 中：

import { t } from 'element-ui/src/locale';

export default {
  methods: {
    t(...args) {
      return t.apply(this, args);
    }
  }
};

在 src/locale/index.js 中定义的 t 函数：

export const t = function(path, options) {
  let value = i18nHandler.apply(this, arguments);
  if (value !== null && value !== undefined) return value;

  const array = path.split('.');
  let current = lang;

  for (let i = 0, j = array.length; i < j; i++) {
    const property = array[i];
    value = current[property];
    if (i === j - 1) return format(value, options);
    if (!value) return '';
    current = value;
  }
  return '';
};
let i18nHandler = function() {
  const vuei18n = Object.getPrototypeOf(this || Vue).$t;
  if (typeof vuei18n === 'function' && !!Vue.locale) {
    if (!merged) {
      merged = true;
      Vue.locale(
        Vue.config.lang,
        deepmerge(lang, Vue.locale(Vue.config.lang) || {}, { clone: true })
      );
    }
    return vuei18n.apply(this, arguments);
  }
};

export const i18n = function(fn) {
  i18nHandler = fn || i18nHandler;
};

export const use = function(l) {
  lang = l || lang;
};

vue-i18@5.x 的实现，会在 Vue 的原型上挂载 $t 方法。

在使用对应的语言包的时候一定要注册：

import lang from 'element-ui/lib/locale/lang/en'
import locale from 'element-ui/lib/locale'

// 设置语言
locale.use(lang)

国际化项目，可以考虑使用异步动态加载的方式，在渲染页面前先获取语言包，另外也可以考虑做缓存优化

demo 源码都在 examples 目录中维护

通过 webpack-dev-server 运行 build/webpack.demo.js

webpack 的配置文件

const webpackConfig = {
  mode: process.env.NODE_ENV,
  entry: isProd ? {
    docs: './examples/entry.js',
    'element-ui': './src/index.js'
  } : (isPlay ? './examples/play.js' : './examples/entry.js'),
  output: {
    path: path.resolve(process.cwd(), './examples/element-ui/'),
    publicPath: process.env.CI_ENV || '',
    filename: '[name].[hash:7].js',
    chunkFilename: isProd ? '[name].[hash:7].js' : '[name].js'
  },
  resolve: {
    extensions: ['.js', '.vue', '.json'],
    alias: config.alias,
    modules: ['node_modules']
  },
  devServer: {
    host: '0.0.0.0',
    port: 8085,
    publicPath: '/',
    hot: true
  },
  module: {
    rules: [
      {
        test: /\.vue$/,
        loader: 'vue-loader',
        options: {
          compilerOptions: {
            preserveWhitespace: false
          }
        }
      },
      {
        test: /\.md$/,
        use: [
          {
            loader: 'vue-loader',
            options: {
              compilerOptions: {
                preserveWhitespace: false
              }
            }
          },
          {
            loader: path.resolve(__dirname, './md-loader/index.js')
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
};

examples 目录下的 entry.js：

import Vue from 'vue';
import entry from './app';
import VueRouter from 'vue-router';
import Element from 'main/index.js';
import hljs from 'highlight.js';
import routes from './route.config';
import demoBlock from './components/demo-block';
import MainFooter from './components/footer';
import MainHeader from './components/header';
import SideNav from './components/side-nav';
import FooterNav from './components/footer-nav';
import title from './i18n/title';

import 'packages/theme-chalk/src/index.scss';
import './demo-styles/index.scss';
import './assets/styles/common.css';
import './assets/styles/fonts/style.css';
import icon from './icon.json';

Vue.use(Element);
Vue.use(VueRouter);
Vue.component('demo-block', demoBlock);
Vue.component('main-footer', MainFooter);
Vue.component('main-header', MainHeader);
Vue.component('side-nav', SideNav);
Vue.component('footer-nav', FooterNav);

const globalEle = new Vue({
  data: { $isEle: false } // 是否 ele 用户
});

Vue.mixin({
  computed: {
    $isEle: {
      get: () => (globalEle.$data.$isEle),
      set: (data) => {globalEle.$data.$isEle = data;}
    }
  }
});

Vue.prototype.$icon = icon; // Icon 列表页用

const router = new VueRouter({
  mode: 'hash',
  base: __dirname,
  routes
});

router.afterEach(route => {
  // https://github.com/highlightjs/highlight.js/issues/909#issuecomment-131686186
  Vue.nextTick(() => {
    const blocks = document.querySelectorAll('pre code:not(.hljs)');
    Array.prototype.forEach.call(blocks, hljs.highlightBlock);
  });
  const data = title[route.meta.lang];
  for (let val in data) {
    if (new RegExp('^' + val, 'g').test(route.name)) {
      document.title = data[val];
      return;
    }
  }
  document.title = 'Element';
  ga('send', 'event', 'PageView', route.name);
});

new Vue({ // eslint-disable-line
  ...entry,
  router
}).$mount('#app');

在 examples/route.config.js 中：

import navConfig from './nav.config';
import langs from './i18n/route';

const LOAD_MAP = {
  'zh-CN': name => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./pages/zh-CN/${name}.vue`)),
    'zh-CN');
  },
  'en-US': name => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./pages/en-US/${name}.vue`)),
    'en-US');
  },
  'es': name => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./pages/es/${name}.vue`)),
    'es');
  },
  'fr-FR': name => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./pages/fr-FR/${name}.vue`)),
    'fr-FR');
  }
};

const load = function(lang, path) {
  return LOAD_MAP[lang](path);
};

const LOAD_DOCS_MAP = {
  'zh-CN': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/zh-CN${path}.md`)),
    'zh-CN');
  },
  'en-US': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/en-US${path}.md`)),
    'en-US');
  },
  'es': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/es${path}.md`)),
    'es');
  },
  'fr-FR': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/fr-FR${path}.md`)),
    'fr-FR');
  }
};

const loadDocs = function(lang, path) {
  return LOAD_DOCS_MAP[lang](path);
};

const registerRoute = (navConfig) => {
  let route = [];
  Object.keys(navConfig).forEach((lang, index) => {
    let navs = navConfig[lang];
    route.push({
      path: `/${ lang }/component`,
      redirect: `/${ lang }/component/installation`,
      component: load(lang, 'component'),
      children: []
    });
    navs.forEach(nav => {
      if (nav.href) return;
      if (nav.groups) {
        nav.groups.forEach(group => {
          group.list.forEach(nav => {
            addRoute(nav, lang, index);
          });
        });
      } else if (nav.children) {
        nav.children.forEach(nav => {
          addRoute(nav, lang, index);
        });
      } else {
        addRoute(nav, lang, index);
      }
    });
  });
  function addRoute(page, lang, index) {
    const component = page.path === '/changelog'
      ? load(lang, 'changelog')
      : loadDocs(lang, page.path);
    let child = {
      path: page.path.slice(1),
      meta: {
        title: page.title || page.name,
        description: page.description,
        lang
      },
      name: 'component-' + lang + (page.title || page.name),
      component: component.default || component
    };

    route[index].children.push(child);
  }

  return route;
};

let route = registerRoute(navConfig);

const generateMiscRoutes = function(lang) {
  let guideRoute = {
    path: `/${ lang }/guide`, // 指南
    redirect: `/${ lang }/guide/design`,
    component: load(lang, 'guide'),
    children: [{
      path: 'design', // 设计原则
      name: 'guide-design' + lang,
      meta: { lang },
      component: load(lang, 'design')
    }, {
      path: 'nav', // 导航
      name: 'guide-nav' + lang,
      meta: { lang },
      component: load(lang, 'nav')
    }]
  };

  let themeRoute = {
    path: `/${ lang }/theme`,
    component: load(lang, 'theme-nav'),
    children: [
      {
        path: '/', // 主题管理
        name: 'theme' + lang,
        meta: { lang },
        component: load(lang, 'theme')
      },
      {
        path: 'preview', // 主题预览编辑
        name: 'theme-preview-' + lang,
        meta: { lang },
        component: load(lang, 'theme-preview')
      }]
  };

  let resourceRoute = {
    path: `/${ lang }/resource`, // 资源
    meta: { lang },
    name: 'resource' + lang,
    component: load(lang, 'resource')
  };

  let indexRoute = {
    path: `/${ lang }`, // 首页
    meta: { lang },
    name: 'home' + lang,
    component: load(lang, 'index')
  };

  return [guideRoute, resourceRoute, themeRoute, indexRoute];
};

langs.forEach(lang => {
  route = route.concat(generateMiscRoutes(lang.lang));
});

route.push({
  path: '/play',
  name: 'play',
  component: require('./play/index.vue')
});

let userLanguage = localStorage.getItem('ELEMENT_LANGUAGE') || window.navigator.language || 'en-US';
let defaultPath = '/en-US';
if (userLanguage.indexOf('zh-') !== -1) {
  defaultPath = '/zh-CN';
} else if (userLanguage.indexOf('es') !== -1) {
  defaultPath = '/es';
} else if (userLanguage.indexOf('fr') !== -1) {
  defaultPath = '/fr-FR';
}

route = route.concat([{
  path: '/',
  redirect: defaultPath
}, {
  path: '*',
  redirect: defaultPath
}]);

export default route;

组件路由是如何生成的，它主要通过 registerRoute(navConfig) 方法生成。

navConfig 读取的是 examples/nav.config.json 文件

registerRoute 函数内部就是遍历 navConfig，根据它内部元素的数据结构生成路由配置，如果数据中有 children 则生成子路由。

const loadDocs = function(lang, path) {
  return LOAD_DOCS_MAP[lang](path);
};

const LOAD_DOCS_MAP = {
  'zh-CN': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/zh-CN${path}.md`)),
    'zh-CN');
  },
  'en-US': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/en-US${path}.md`)),
    'en-US');
  },
  'es': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/es${path}.md`)),
    'es');
  },
  'fr-FR': path => {
    return r => require.ensure([], () =>
      r(require(`./docs/fr-FR${path}.md`)),
    'fr-FR');
  }
};

webpack 的理念是一切资源都可以 require，只要配置了对应的 loader

build/webpack.demo.js

  {
    test: /\.md$/,
    use: [
      {
        loader: 'vue-loader',
        options: {
          compilerOptions: {
            preserveWhitespace: false
          }
        }
      },
      {
        loader: path.resolve(__dirname, './md-loader/index.js')
      }
    ]
  }

在 build/md-loader/index.js 中：

const {
  stripScript,
  stripTemplate,
  genInlineComponentText
} = require('./util');
const md = require('./config');

module.exports = function(source) {
  const content = md.render(source);

  const startTag = '<!--element-demo:';
  const startTagLen = startTag.length;
  const endTag = ':element-demo-->';
  const endTagLen = endTag.length;

  let componenetsString = '';
  let id = 0; // demo 的 id
  let output = []; // 输出的内容
  let start = 0; // 字符串开始位置

  let commentStart = content.indexOf(startTag);
  let commentEnd = content.indexOf(endTag, commentStart + startTagLen);
  while (commentStart !== -1 && commentEnd !== -1) {
    output.push(content.slice(start, commentStart));

    const commentContent = content.slice(commentStart + startTagLen, commentEnd);
    const html = stripTemplate(commentContent);
    const script = stripScript(commentContent);
    let demoComponentContent = genInlineComponentText(html, script);
    const demoComponentName = `element-demo${id}`;
    output.push(`<template slot="source"><${demoComponentName} /></template>`);
    componenetsString += `${JSON.stringify(demoComponentName)}: ${demoComponentContent},`;

    // 重新计算下一次的位置
    id++;
    start = commentEnd + endTagLen;
    commentStart = content.indexOf(startTag, start);
    commentEnd = content.indexOf(endTag, commentStart + startTagLen);
  }

  // 仅允许在 demo 不存在时，才可以在 Markdown 中写 script 标签
  // todo: 优化这段逻辑
  let pageScript = '';
  if (componenetsString) {
    pageScript = `<script>
      export default {
        name: 'component-doc',
        components: {
          ${componenetsString}
        }
      }
    </script>`;
  } else if (content.indexOf('<script>') === 0) { // 硬编码，有待改善
    start = content.indexOf('</script>') + '</script>'.length;
    pageScript = content.slice(0, start);
  }

  output.push(content.slice(start));
  return `
    <template>
      <section class="content element-doc">
        ${output.join('')}
      </section>
    </template>
    ${pageScript}
  `;
};

webpack loader 的原理很简单，输入是文件的原始内容，返回的是经过 loader 处理后的内容。输出的则是一个 Vue SFC 格式的字符串

return `
  <template>
    <section class="content element-doc">
      ${output.join('')}
    </section>
  </template>
  ${pageScript}
`;

CDN 安装方式有它的好处，不需要构建工具，开箱即用，但缺点也很明显，全量引入了所有组件，体积非常大。

package.json 中配置：

"main": "lib/element-ui.common.js"

在使用按需引入的时候，要借助 babel-plugin-component 这个 webpack 插件，并且配置 .babelrc：

{
  "presets": [["es2015", { "modules": false }]],
  "plugins": [
    [
      "component",
      {
        "libraryName": "element-ui",
        "styleLibraryName": "theme-chalk"
      }
    ]
  ]
}

实际上它是把 import { Button } from 'element-ui' 转换成：

var button = require('element-ui/lib/button')
require('element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/button.css')

代码冗余问题怎么解决

webpack 配置文件中配置了 externals，在 build/config.js

var externals = {};

Object.keys(Components).forEach(function(key) {
  externals[`element-ui/packages/${key}`] = `element-ui/lib/${key}`;
});

externals['element-ui/src/locale'] = 'element-ui/lib/locale';
utilsList.forEach(function(file) {
  file = path.basename(file, '.js');
  externals[`element-ui/src/utils/${file}`] = `element-ui/lib/utils/${file}`;
});
mixinsList.forEach(function(file) {
  file = path.basename(file, '.js');
  externals[`element-ui/src/mixins/${file}`] = `element-ui/lib/mixins/${file}`;
});
transitionList.forEach(function(file) {
  file = path.basename(file, '.js');
  externals[`element-ui/src/transitions/${file}`] = `element-ui/lib/transitions/${file}`;
});

externals = [Object.assign({
  vue: 'vue'
}, externals), nodeExternals()];

externals 可以防止将这些 import 的包打包到 bundle 中，并在运行时再去从外部获取这些扩展依赖。

工程化

使用了 ESLint webpack 并配置了 Hot Reload

利用模块化开发的思想把组件依赖的一些公共模块放在了 src 目录，并依据功能拆分出 directives、locale、mixins、transitions、utils 等模块。

karma 测试框架 利用 Travis CI 集成了测试。

构建方面

 "dist": "npm run clean && npm run build:file && npm run lint && webpack --config build/webpack.conf.js && webpack --config build/webpack.common.js && webpack --config build/webpack.component.js && npm run build:utils && npm run build:umd && npm run build:theme"

"build:file": "node build/bin/iconInit.js & node build/bin/build-entry.js & node build/bin/i18n.js & node build/bin/version.js",

部署

 "pub": "npm run bootstrap && sh build/git-release.sh && sh build/release.sh && node build/bin/gen-indices.js && sh build/deploy-faas.sh"

实现了代码的提交、合并、版本管理、npm 发布、官网发布等，让整个发布流程自动化完成

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