---

ChEMBL webresource client

This is the only official Python client library developed and supported by ChEMBL group.

The library helps accessing ChEMBL data and cheminformatics tools from Python. You don't need to know how to write SQL. You don't need to know how to interact with REST APIs. You don't need to compile or install any cheminformatics frameworks. Results are cached.

The client handles interaction with the HTTPS protocol and caches all results in the local file system for faster retrieval. Abstracting away all network-related tasks, the client provides the end user with a convenient interface, giving the impression of working with a local resource. Design is based on the Django QuerySet interface. The client also implements lazy evaluation of results, which means it will only evaluate a request for data when a value is required. This approach reduces number of network requests and increases performance.

Installation

pip install chembl_webresource_client

Quick start

Some most frequent use cases below.

1. Search molecule by synonym:

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   molecule = new_client.molecule
   res = molecule.search('viagra')

2. Search target by gene name:

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   target = new_client.target
   gene_name = 'BRD4'
   res = target.search(gene_name)

   or directly in the target synonym field:

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   target = new_client.target
   gene_name = 'GABRB2'
   res = target.filter(target_synonym__icontains=gene_name)

3. Having a list of molecules ChEMBL IDs in a CSV file, produce another CSV file that maps every compound ID into a list of Uniprot accession numbers and save the mapping into output CSV file. Note the use of the only operator allowing to specify which fields should be included in the results, making critical API queries faster.

   import csv
   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   
   # This will be our resulting structure mapping compound ChEMBL IDs into target uniprot IDs
   compounds2targets = dict()
   
   # First, let's just parse the csv file to extract compounds ChEMBL IDs:
   with open('compounds_list.csv', 'r') as csvfile:
       reader = csv.reader(csvfile)
       for row in reader:
           compounds2targets[row[0]] = set()
   
   # OK, we have our source IDs, let's process them in chunks:
   chunk_size = 50
   keys = list(compounds2targets.keys()) # for Python 3 we need to convert keys() to list
   
   for i in range(0, len(keys), chunk_size):
       # we jump from compounds to targets through activities:
       activities = new_client.activity.filter(molecule_chembl_id__in=keys[i:i + chunk_size]).only(
           ['molecule_chembl_id', 'target_chembl_id'])
       # extracting target ChEMBL IDs from activities:
       for act in activities:
           compounds2targets[act['molecule_chembl_id']].add(act['target_chembl_id'])
   
   # OK, now our dictionary maps from compound ChEMBL IDs into target ChEMBL IDs
   # We would like to replace target ChEMBL IDs with uniprot IDs
   
   for key, val in compounds2targets.items():
       # We don't know how many targets are assigned to a given compound so again it's
       # better to process targets in chunks:
       lval = list(val)
       uniprots = set()
       for i in range(0, len(val), chunk_size):
           targets = new_client.target.filter(target_chembl_id__in=lval[i:i + chunk_size]).only(
               ['target_components'])
           uniprots |= {comp['accession'] for t in targets for comp in t['target_components']}
   
       compounds2targets[key] = uniprots
   
   # Finally write it to the output csv file
   with open('compounds_2_targets.csv', 'w') as csvfile:
       writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
       for key, val in compounds2targets.items():
           writer.writerow([key] + list(val))

4. If you run the example above to get all distinct Uniprot accession for targets related with oxacillin (CHEMBL819) you will find only 3 targets for E.coli (A1E3K9, P35695, P62593). ChEMBL website (https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/compound/inspect/CHEMBL819), on the other hand will show 4 targets (A1E3K9, P35695, P62593 and P00811). You may wonder why this discrepancy occurs. The ChEMBL interface aggregates data from salts and parent compounds and API just returns the data as they are stored in the database. In order to get the same results you will need to add in a call to the molecule_forms endpoint like in the example below, which is taken directly from Marco Galadrini repository (https://github.com/mgalardini/chembl_tools) exposing more useful functions that will soon become a part of the client (chembl#25).

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   
   organism = 'Escherichia coli'
   compounds2targets = dict()
   header = True
   for name, chembl in [(x.split('\t')[0], x.rstrip().split('\t')[1])
                        for x in open('compounds_list.csv')]:
       if header:
           header = False
           continue
       compounds2targets[chembl] = set()
   
   chunk_size = 50
   keys = list(compounds2targets.keys())
   
   ID_forms = dict()
   for x in keys:
       ID_forms[x] = set()
   
   for i in range(0, len(keys), chunk_size):
       for form in new_client.molecule_form.filter(parent_chembl_id__in=keys[i:i + chunk_size]):
           ID_forms[form['parent_chembl_id']].add(form['molecule_chembl_id'])
   
   for i in range(0, len(keys), chunk_size):
       for form in new_client.molecule_form.filter(molecule_chembl_id__in=keys[i:i + chunk_size]):
           ID_forms[form['molecule_chembl_id']].add(form['parent_chembl_id'])
   
   values = []
   for x in ID_forms.values():
       values.extend(x)
   forms_to_ID = dict()
   for x in values:
       forms_to_ID[x] = set()
   
   for k in forms_to_ID:
       for parent, molecule in ID_forms.items():
           if k in molecule:
               forms_to_ID[k] = parent
   
   for i in range(0, len(values), chunk_size):
       activities = new_client.activity.filter(molecule_chembl_id__in=values[i:i + chunk_size]).filter(
           target_organism__istartswith=organism).only(['molecule_chembl_id', 'target_chembl_id'])
       for act in activities:
           compounds2targets[forms_to_ID[act['molecule_chembl_id']]].add(act['target_chembl_id'])
   
   for key, val in compounds2targets.items():
       lval = list(val)
       uniprots = set()
       for i in range(0, len(val), chunk_size):
           targets = new_client.target.filter(target_chembl_id__in=lval[i:i + chunk_size]).only(
               ['target_components'])
           uniprots |= {comp['accession'] for t in targets for comp in t['target_components']}
   
       compounds2targets[key] = uniprots
   
   print('\t'.join(('chembl', 'target')))
   for chembl in sorted(compounds2targets):
       for uniprot in compounds2targets[chembl]:
           print('\t'.join((chembl, uniprot)))

5. Having a list of molecules ChEMBL IDs in a CSV file, produce another CSV file that maps every compound ID into a list of human gene names. Again, please note the use of the only operator which makes API calls faster.

   import csv
   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   
   # This will be our resulting structure mapping compound ChEMBL IDs into target uniprot IDs
   compounds2targets = dict()
   
   # First, let's just parse the csv file to extract compounds ChEMBL IDs:
   with open('compounds_list.csv', 'r') as csvfile:
       reader = csv.reader(csvfile)
       for row in reader:
           compounds2targets[row[0]] = set()
   
   # OK, we have our source IDs, let's process them in chunks:
   chunk_size = 50
   keys = list(compounds2targets.keys())
   
   for i in range(0, len(keys), chunk_size):
       # we jump from compounds to targets through activities:
       activities = new_client.activity.filter(molecule_chembl_id__in=keys[i:i + chunk_size]).only(
           ['molecule_chembl_id', 'target_chembl_id'])
       # extracting target ChEMBL IDs from activities:
       for act in activities:
           compounds2targets[act['molecule_chembl_id']].add(act['target_chembl_id'])
   
   # OK, now our dictionary maps from compound ChEMBL IDs into target ChEMBL IDs
   # We would like to replace target ChEMBL IDs with uniprot IDs
   
   for key, val in compounds2targets.items():
       # We don't know how many targets are assigned to a given compound so again it's
       # better to process targets in chunks:
       lval = list(val)
       genes = set()
       for i in range(0, len(val), chunk_size):
           targets = new_client.target.filter(target_chembl_id__in=lval[i:i + chunk_size]).only(
               ['target_components'])
           for target in targets:
               for component in target['target_components']:
                   for synonym in component['target_component_synonyms']:
                       if synonym['syn_type'] == "GENE_SYMBOL":
                           genes.add(synonym['component_synonym'])
       compounds2targets[key] = genes
   
   # Finally write it to the output csv file
   with open('compounds_2_genes.csv', 'w') as csvfile:
       writer = csv.writer(csvfile)
       for key, val in compounds2targets.items():
           writer.writerow([key] + list(val))

6. Display a compound image in Jupyter (IPython) notebook:

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   Image(new_client.image.get('CHEMBL25'))

   or if the compound doesn't exist in ChEMBL but you have SMILES or molfile:

   from chembl_webresource_client.utils import utils
   Image(utils.smiles2image(smiles))
   
   # or:
   
   Image(utils.ctab2image(molfile))

7. Find compounds similar to given SMILES query with similarity threshold of 85%:

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   similarity = new_client.similarity
   res = similarity.filter(smiles="CO[C@@H](CCC#C\C=C/CCCC(C)CCCCC=C)C(=O)[O-]", similarity=85)

8. Find compounds similar to aspirin (CHEMBL25) with similarity threshold of 70%:

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   molecule = new_client.molecule
   similarity = new_client.similarity
   aspirin_chembl_id = molecule.search('aspirin')[0]['molecule_chembl_id']
   res = similarity.filter(chembl_id=aspirin_chembl_id, similarity=70)

9. Two similarity search examples above can be slow. This is because by default the similarity endpoint returns the same information as the molecule endpoint, which causes many joins on data. Often all you need is simply a list of CHEMBL_IDs and maybe a similarity score. This is why the API and client support the only method where you can specify fields you want to be included in response. Below is an example of iterating over a large file containing thousands of SMILES strings. Each SMILES string from the file is checked against ChEMBL database to see if there are any similar compounds. We just need a simple yes/no answer to the question: if there is any compound in ChEMBL that may be considered similar to the given SMILES query.

   from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
   similarity_query = new_client.similarity
   dark_smiles = []
   with open('12K_smile_strings.smi') as f:
       content = f.readlines()
   
   for idx, line in enumerate(content):
       smile = line.strip()
       res = similarity_query.filter(smiles=smile, similarity=70).only(['molecule_chembl_id'])
       print("{0} {1} {2}".format(idx, smile, len(res)))
       if len(res) == 0:
           dark_smiles.append(smile)

   If you also want to know the similarity score, replace only(['molecule_chembl_id']) with only(['molecule_chembl_id', 'similarity']).

10. Perform substructure search using SMILES:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    substructure = new_client.substructure
    res = substructure.filter(smiles="CN(CCCN)c1cccc2ccccc12")

11. Perform substructure search using ChEMBL ID:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    substructure = new_client.substructure
    substructure.filter(chembl_id="CHEMBL25")

12. Two substructure search examples above can be slow. Please use the only operator to specify required fields. For example this code will be faster then one above:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    substructure = new_client.substructure
    substructure.filter(chembl_id="CHEMBL25").only(['molecule_chembl_id'])

13. Get a single molecule by ChEMBL ID:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    m1 = molecule.get('CHEMBL25')

14. Get a single molecule by SMILES:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    m1 = molecule.get('CC(=O)Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O')

    Please note that using the get method will perform string-based comparison between the query SMILES and ChEMBL contents. Because there are many different canonicalisation algorithms this may not be the optimal way to search for SMILES in ChEMBL. This is why we provide a flexmatch filter that finds compounds described by the query SMILES string regardless of the canonicalisation used. Example will look like this:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    res = molecule.filter(molecule_structures__canonical_smiles__flexmatch='CN(C)C(=N)N=C(N)N')
    len(res) # this returns 6 compounds

    Another way would be using similarity or substructure search using SMILES, described in example 7 and 10 respectively.

15. Get a single molecule by InChi Key:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    molecule.get('BSYNRYMUTXBXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N')

16. Get many compounds by their ChEMBL IDs:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    records = molecule.get(['CHEMBL6498', 'CHEMBL6499', 'CHEMBL6505'])

17. Get many compounds by a list of SMILES:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    records = molecule.get(['CNC(=O)c1ccc(cc1)N(CC#C)Cc2ccc3nc(C)nc(O)c3c2',
          'Cc1cc2SC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)c2cc1\\N=C(/S)\\Nc3ccc(cc3)S(=O)(=O)N',
          'CC(C)C[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1c[nH]c2ccccc12)NC' # <- notice lack of coma, we just...
          '(=O)[C@H]3CCCN3C(=O)C(CCCCN)CCCCN)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)O']) # ... broke long SMILE into 2 pieces

18. Get many compounds by a list of InChi Keys:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    records = molecule.get(['XSQLHVPPXBBUPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N',
                            'JXHVRXRRSSBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N', 'TUHYVXGNMOGVMR-GASGPIRDSA-N'])

19. Obtain the pChEMBL value for compound:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    activities = new_client.activity
    res = activities.filter(molecule_chembl_id="CHEMBL25", pchembl_value__isnull=False)

20. Obtain the pChEMBL value for a specific compound AND a specific target:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    activities = new_client.activity
    activities.filter(molecule_chembl_id="CHEMBL25", target_chembl_id="CHEMBL612545",
                      pchembl_value__isnull=False)

21. Get all approved drugs:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    approved_drugs = molecule.filter(max_phase=4)

22. Get approved drugs for lung cancer:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    drug_indication = new_client.drug_indication
    molecules = new_client.molecule
    lung_cancer_ind = drug_indication.filter(efo_term__icontains="LUNG CARCINOMA")
    lung_cancer_mols = molecules.filter(
        molecule_chembl_id__in=[x['molecule_chembl_id'] for x in lung_cancer_ind])

23. Get all molecules in ChEMBL with no Rule-of-Five violations:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    no_violations = molecule.filter(molecule_properties__num_ro5_violations=0)

24. Get all biotherapeutic molecules:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    biotherapeutics = molecule.filter(biotherapeutic__isnull=False)

25. Get all natural products:

    The molecule resource has a natural_product flag but it's only set for approved drugs. So if you want an sdf file with approved drugs being natural products you can simply use this URL:

    https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/api/data/molecule.sdf?natural_product=1

    Which can be translated into the following client code:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    molecule.set_format('sdf')
    molecule.filter(natural_product=1)

    If you want to retrieve all the natural products compounds regardless it they are approved drugs or not, you can fetch all compounds extracted from the Journal of Natural Products. Using the client you will write a following code:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    document = new_client.document
    docs = document.filter(journal="J. Nat. Prod.").only('document_chembl_id')
    compound_record = new_client.compound_record
    records = compound_record.filter(
        document_chembl_id__in=[doc['document_chembl_id'] for doc in docs]).only(
        ['document_chembl_id', 'molecule_chembl_id'])
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    natural_products = molecule.filter(
        molecule_chembl_id__in=[rec['molecule_chembl_id'] for rec in records]).only(
        'molecule_structures')

26. Return molecules with molecular weight <= 300:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    light_molecules = molecule.filter(molecule_properties__mw_freebase__lte=300)

27. Return molecules with molecular weight <= 300 AND pref_name ending with nib:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    molecule = new_client.molecule
    light_nib_molecules = molecule.filter(
        molecule_properties__mw_freebase__lte=300).filter(pref_name__iendswith="nib")

28. Get all Ki activities related to the hERG target:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    target = new_client.target
    activity = new_client.activity
    herg = target.search('herg')[0]
    herg_activities = activity.filter(target_chembl_id=herg['target_chembl_id']).filter(standard_type="Ki")

29. Get all activities related to the Open TG-GATES project:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    activity = new_client.activity
    res = activity.search('"TG-GATES"')

30. Get all activities for a specific target with assay type B (Binding) OR F (Functional):

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    activity = new_client.activity
    res = activity.filter(target_chembl_id='CHEMBL3938', assay_type__iregex='(B|F)')

31. Search for ADMET-related inhibitor assays (type A):

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    assay = new_client.assay
    res = assay.search('inhibitor').filter(assay_type='A')

32. Get cell line by cellosaurus id:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    cell_line = new_client.cell_line
    res = cell_line.filter(cellosaurus_id="CVCL_0417")

33. Filter drugs by approval year and name:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    drug = new_client.drug
    res = drug.filter(first_approval=1976).filter(usan_stem="-azosin")

34. Get tissue by BTO ID:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    tissue = new_client.tissue
    res = tissue.filter(bto_id="BTO:0001073")

35. Get tissue by Caloha id:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    tissue = new_client.tissue
    res = tissue.filter(caloha_id="TS-0490")

36. Get tissue by Uberon id:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    tissue = new_client.tissue
    res = tissue.filter(uberon_id="UBERON:0000173")

37. Get tissue by name:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    tissue = new_client.tissue
    res = tissue.filter(pref_name__istartswith='blood')

38. Search documents for cytokine:

    from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
    document = new_client.document
    res = document.search('cytokine')

39. Search for compound in Unichem:

    from chembl_webresource_client.unichem import unichem_client as unichem
    ret = unichem.get('AIN')

40. Resolve InChi Key to Inchi using Unichem:

    from chembl_webresource_client.unichem import unichem_client as unichem
    ret = unichem.inchiFromKey('AAOVKJBEBIDNHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N')

41. Convert SMILES to CTAB:

    from chembl_webresource_client.utils import utils
    aspirin = utils.smiles2ctab('O=C(Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O)C')

42. Convert SMILES to image and image back to SMILES:

    from chembl_webresource_client.utils import utils
    aspirin = 'CC(=O)Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O'
    im = utils.smiles2image(aspirin)
    mol = utils.image2ctab(im)
    smiles = utils.ctab2smiles(mol).split()[2]
    self.assertEqual(smiles, aspirin)

43. Compute fingerprints:

    from chembl_webresource_client.utils import utils
    aspirin = utils.smiles2ctab('O=C(Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O)C')
    fingerprints = utils.sdf2fps(aspirin)

44. Compute Maximal Common Substructure:

    from chembl_webresource_client.utils import utils
    smiles = ["O=C(NCc1cc(OC)c(O)cc1)CCCC/C=C/C(C)C",
              "CC(C)CCCCCC(=O)NCC1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)OC", "c1(C=O)cc(OC)c(O)cc1"]
    mols = [utils.smiles2ctab(smile) for smile in smiles]
    sdf = ''.join(mols)
    result = utils.mcs(sdf)

45. Compute various molecular descriptors:

    from chembl_webresource_client.utils import utils
    aspirin = utils.smiles2ctab('O=C(Oc1ccccc1C(=O)O)C')
    num_atoms = json.loads(utils.getNumAtoms(aspirin))[0]
    mol_wt = json.loads(utils.molWt(aspirin))[0]
    log_p = json.loads(utils.logP(aspirin))[0]
    tpsa = json.loads(utils.tpsa(aspirin))[0]
    descriptors = json.loads(utils.descriptors(aspirin))[0]

46. Standardize molecule:

    from chembl_webresource_client.utils import utils
    mol = utils.smiles2ctab("[Na]OC(=O)Cc1ccc(C[NH3+])cc1.c1nnn[n-]1.O")
    st = utils.standardise(mol)

Supported formats

The following formats are supported:

• JSON (default format):

  from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
  activity = new_client.activity
  activity.set_format('json')
  activity.all().order_by('assay_type')[0]['activity_id']

• XML (you need to parse XML yourself):

  from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
  activity = new_client.activity
  activity.set_format('xml')
  activity.all().order_by('assay_type')

• SDF (only for compounds): For example you can use the client to save sdf file of a set of compounds and compute 3D coordinates:

  from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
  molecule = new_client.molecule
  molecule.set_format('sdf')
  
  mols = molecule.filter(molecule_properties__acd_logp__gte=self.logP) \
                   .filter(molecule_properties__aromatic_rings__lte=self.rings_number) \
                   .filter(chirality=self.chirality) \
                   .filter(molecule_properties__full_mwt__lte=self.mwt)
  
  with open('mols_2D.sdf', 'w') as output:
        for mol in mols:
            output.write(mol)
            output.write('$$$$\n')
  
  with open('mols_3D.sdf', 'w') as output:
        with open('mols_2D.sdf', 'r') as input:
            mols = input.open('r').read().split('$$$$\n')
            for mol in mols:
                mol_3D = utils.ctab23D(mol)
                output.write(mol_3D)
                output.write('$$$$\n')

• FPS (as a result of sdf2fps method)

• PNG, SVG for image rendering

  from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
  image = new_client.image
  image.get('CHEMBL1')

Available data entities

You can list available data entities using the following code:

from chembl_webresource_client.new_client import new_client
available_resources = [resource for resource in dir(new_client) if not resource.startswith('_')]
print available_resources

At the time of writing this documentation there are 30 entities:

• activity
• assay
• atc_class
• binding_site
• biotherapeutic
• cell_line
• chembl_id_lookup
• compound_record
• compound_structural_alert
• document
• document_similarity
• drug
• drug_indication
• go_slim
• image
• mechanism
• metabolism
• molecule
• molecule_form
• organism
• protein_class
• similarity
• source
• substructure
• target
• target_component
• target_prediction
• target_relation
• tissue
• xref_source

Available filters

As was mentioned above the design of the client is based on Django QuerySet (https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/models/querysets) and most important lookup types are supported. These are:

• exact
• iexact
• contains
• icontains
• in
• gt
• gte
• lt
• lte
• startswith
• istartswith
• endswith
• iendswith
• range
• isnull
• regex
• iregex
• search (implemented as a method of several selected endpoints instead of a lookup)

Only operator

only is a special method allowing to limit the results to a selected set of fields. only should take a single argument: a list of fields that should be included in result. Specified fields have to exists in the endpoint against which only is executed. Using only will usually make an API call faster because less information returned will save bandwidth. The API logic will also check if any SQL joins are necessary to return the specified field and exclude unnecessary joins with critically improves performance.

Please note that only has one limitation: a list of fields will ignore nested fields i.e. calling only(['molecule_properties__alogp']) is equivalent to only(['molecule_properties']).

For many 2 many relationships only will not make any SQL join optimisation.

Settings

In order to use settings you need to import them before using the client:

from chembl_webresource_client.settings import Settings

Settings object is a singleton that exposes Instance method, for example:

Settings.Instance().TIMEOUT = 10

Most important options:

• CACHING: should results be cached locally (default is True)
• CACHE_EXPIRE: cache expiry time in seconds (default 24 hours)
• CACHE_NAME: name of the .sqlite file with cache
• TOTAL_RETRIES: number of total retires per HTTP request (default is 3)
• CONCURRENT_SIZE: total number of concurrent requests (default is 50)
• FAST_SAVE: Speedup cache saving up to 50 times but with possibility of data loss (default is True)

Is that a full functionality?

No. For more examples, please see the Binder notebook link on top of this file.

Citing / Other resources

There are two papers describing some implementation details of the client library:

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4489243/
• https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.00378v1.pdf

There are also two related blog posts:

• http://chembl.blogspot.co.uk/2016/03/chembl-21-web-services-update.html
• http://chembl.blogspot.co.uk/2016/03/this-python-inchi-key-resolver-will.html