drivers: clock_control: Add subsys argument to the callback

[nordic-krch]

Added subsys argument to the callback, updated one driver which
used it and test cases.

Fixes #22424.

Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Chruscinski krzysztof.chruscinski@nordicsemi.no

[zephyrbot]

All checks passed.

checkpatch (informational only, not a failure)

-:101: WARNING:NEW_TYPEDEFS: do not add new typedefs
#101: FILE: include/drivers/clock_control.h:55:
+typedef void *clock_control_subsys_t;

- total: 0 errors, 1 warnings, 120 lines checked

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NOTE: Ignored message types: AVOID_EXTERNS BRACES CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL CONST_STRUCT DATE_TIME FILE_PATH_CHANGES MINMAX NETWORKING_BLOCK_COMMENT_STYLE PRINTK_WITHOUT_KERN_LEVEL SPLIT_STRING VOLATILE

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[carlescufi]

Missing changes to the release notes as described in:
https://docs.zephyrproject.org/latest/development_process/api_lifecycle.html#introducing-incompatible-changes