Setting up a new Raspberry Pi

Installing NOOBS

Note: Raspbian's changelog is in os/Raspbian/release_notes.txt in the NOOBS-*.zip

Cleaning flash card

VERIFY THAT YOU KNOW WHAT YOU'RE DOING BEFORE RUNNING COMMANDS GIVEN BELOW. THESE CAN DESTROY YOUR SYSTEM, NOT ONLY THE CARD!

After preparing the card put contents of the unzipped NOOBS archive on it.

Windows

Run cmd.exe as Administrator, then diskpart:

list disk
select disk XXX
clean
create partition primary offset=4096
format fs=fat32 quick label=ABC
assign

Linux

Identify the device for your card with:

sudo parted --list

Unmount any of the partitions if auto-mounted by OS on card insert event!

Check the end of the usable space and proceed with cleaning:

DEVICE=/dev/sdXXX

sudo parted ${DEVICE} unit B print free

CARD_END=XXX
CARD_LABEL=RASPI

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=${DEVICE} bs=10M count=2
sudo parted ${DEVICE} mklabel msdos unit b mkpart pri fat32 1048576 ${CARD_END}  
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 -n ${CARD_LABEL} ${DEVICE}1

Getting this doc

https://github.com/ziembla/raspi-fun/blob/master/raspi-setup.md

Clone the doc?

cd
git clone https://github.com/ziembla/raspi-fun.git
cd raspi-fun
git config --local user.name XXXXX
git config --local user.email XXXXX

If from bare repo on USB use something like:

git clone /media/pi/PASPI_GIT/git-repos/raspi-fun

Checking git settings

for option in '--system' '--global' '--local' '' ; do echo ========== $option ; git config -l $option ; done

Basic configuration

raspi-config etc.

check monitor modes available

tvservice -d /tmp/edid-dump
edidparser /tmp/edid-dump

Find the best mode, for FullHD there should be "DMT mode (82) 1920x1080p" listed

reboot, go to NOOBS console
"Edit config"
- remove/comment any "overscan_" lines
- set hdmi_group=2 and hdmi_mode=82 (as checked above, group 2 is for DMT)
- "Exit" to reboot
in terminal

sudo raspi-config

* "Change user password"
* "Boot options"/"Console"
* "Internationalisation Options"
    * "Change locale"
        * clean existing "en_GB.UTF-8" or "en_US..." using **Space**
        * check "pl_PL.UTF-8"
    * "Change timezone"/"Europe"/"Warsaw"
    * "Change keyboard layout"/"104-key"/"Polish"/"default"/"no compose"/"yes"
* "Advanced options"
    * "Hostname" (raspberrypi->XXXXX)
    * "Memory Split" 256
    * (leave SSH access enabled?!)
    * "Audio"/"Force 3.5mm jack"
    * "GL Driver"/"???" ("Disabled" by default and good for minecraft, "Enabled" needed for colobot)
* "Finish" (**Tab** to exit menu)
* reboot

in terminal

sudo dpkg-reconfigure console-setup

* "UTF-8"/"Latin2"/"Terminus" (or "Fixed")/"8x16" (or "8x14")

some global setup

read -d '' SETTINGS << EOF

EDITOR="vi -e"
VISUAL=vi

HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth:erasedups
shopt -s histappend
shopt -s histverify
HISTSIZE=5000
HISTFILESIZE=8000
 #PROMPT_COMMAND="history -a; history -c; history -r"
PROMPT_COMMAND="history -w"

alias ll="ls -l"
alias mc=". /usr/lib/mc/mc-wrapper.sh"

EOF
FILES="/home/`id -un`/.bashrc /root/.bashrc /etc/skel/.bashrc"

echo "$SETTINGS" | sudo tee -a $FILES > /dev/null

Note, that echo $SETTINGS would glued all lines into one, quotations needed to keep the original form!

nonstandard user setup

Create a new user, assign to the pi's groups an disable pi

Verify, that the pi user has ! in front of the password hash to unable logging in

* unlock later with `usermod -U pi` when needed
* note, that `su pi` from `root`'s terminal is still possible (no password needed!)

Note, that you need sudo without password prompt for your user, as some default applications assume that (running Scratch from a menu can hang your X-window session with the invisible sudo password prompt... learnt the hard way)


NEW_USER=XXXXX

sudo adduser ${NEW_USER} --gecos ''

sudo usermod -aG `groups pi | awk '{ s = substr($0,2*length("pi")+5); gsub(/ /,",",s); print s}'` ${NEW_USER}

grep pi /etc/shadow
sudo usermod -L pi
grep pi /etc/shadow

sudo visudo

add line based of the pi user (or just add your username after comma pi,XXXXX)

XXXXX ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

to change font in terminal window (LXTerminal) just use "Edycja"/"Preferencje" to change "Monospace 10"->"DejaVu Sans Mono 9"

Updating

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

sudo rpi-update not needed...?

Checking free space available might be useful before

df -h
du -sh /var/cache/apt/archives
du -hd1 /tmp

Downloaded packages can be deleted from /var/cache/apt/archives with sudo apt-get clean.

Unneeded orphaned packages can be deleted with sudo apt-get autoremove.

Installing additional software

Checking software versions

package	command
linux distro	lsb_release -a
linux kernel	uname -a
raspi firmware	vcgencmd version
raspi board	cat /sys/firmware/devicetree/base/model
mathematica	wolfram -run 'Print[$Version]; Quit[]'
g++	g++ --version
python	python -c "import sys; print sys.version #sys.version_info"

(raspi firmware versions look cryptic but they're just git commit ids, see https://github.com/raspberrypi/firmware/commits/master

NOT TRUE !!! NOT TRUE !!! NOT TRUE !!! NOT TRUE !!! NOT TRUE !!! NOT TRUE !!!

Installing

PACKAGES=
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES htop tree"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES git-cola gitk"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES kdiff3"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES retext markdown"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES dolphin"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES kate"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES pinta"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES anki"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES graphviz"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES imagemagick"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES tidy"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES mc screen lsof"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES freeplane"

 #PACKAGES="$PACKAGES emacs24 org-mode emacs-goodies-el"
 #PACKAGES="$PACKAGES openjdk-8-jdk"
 #PACKAGES="$PACKAGES vlc"
 #PACKAGES="$PACKAGES meld"

PACKAGES=
sudo apt-get install $PACKAGES

(ubuntu-only packages, not for raspi)

PACKAGES="$PACKAGES indicator-multiload"
PACKAGES="$PACKAGES meld"

Searching for packages

Non-installed

apt-cache search --names-only emacs
apt-cache search --names-only openjdk
apt-cache show emacs24

Installed

dpkg -l
dpkg -l '*-dev'

other settings

monospace font: Droid Sans Mono (ew. DejaVu Sans Mono), size 9

geany
- set monospaced font for output
retext
- set Roboto 10 as default rendering font
- printf '\n[General]\neditorFont=Droid Sans Mono\neditorFontSize=9\n' >> ~/.config/ReText\ project/ReText.conf
- use ^l for live preview

wifi

disable history, use PSK to avoid keeping plaintext password in config (is it really such a great idea?!)

unset HISTFILE
wpa_passphrase SSID PASSWORD
vi /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf

copy output, skipping password, add scan_ssid=1 if the network is hidden

wifi TL-WN725N

http://botland.com.pl/content/70-konfiguracja-wifi https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8188eu/

sudo wget https://github.com/lwfinger/rtl8188eu/raw/c83976d1dfb4793893158461430261562b3a5bf0/rtl8188eufw.bin -O /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/rtl8188eufw.bin

or

sudo install -p -m 644 8188eu.ko /lib/modules/`uname -r`/kernel/drivers/net/wireless 
sudo depmod -a
sudo modprobe 8188eu

TL-WN725N/install.sh

packages

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get install \
    kate \
    retext \
    geany \
    vlc \
    okular \
    iceweasel \
    git-cola gitk \
    python-nltk \
    python-reportlab \
    colobot \

scala

sudo su -

v=2.11.8
cd /tmp
wget http://downloads.lightbend.com/scala/$v/scala-$v.tgz
cd /opt
tar zxvf /tmp/scala-$v.tgz
mv scala-$v scala
printf 'export PATH=$PATH:/opt/scala/bin\n' > /etc/profile.d/scala.sh

maven

sudo su -

v=3.3.9
cd /tmp
wget ftp://ftp.task.gda.pl/pub/www/apache/dist/maven/maven-3/$v/binaries/apache-maven-$v-bin.tar.gz
cd /opt
tar zxvf /tmp/apache-maven-$v-bin.tar.gz
mv apache-maven-$v apache-maven
printf 'export M2_HOME=/opt/apache-maven\nexport PATH=$PATH:$M2_HOME/bin\n' > /etc/profile.d/maven.sh

Warnings

colobot is a superb programming game "for children", still at least the linux '0.1.3-alpha' version tends to hang my raspberry 2 (NOOBS+Raspbian 1.9.0). I have no idea whether it is the game's or experimental OpenGL's (see raspi-config above) fault...
don't try to install "all" in sudo python -c "import nltk; nltk.download()" (too big)

Scratch

http://download.scratch.mit.edu/ScratchReferenceGuide14.pdf

Backup

colobot

cd
tar -czvf backup-colobot-$(date '+%Y%m%d-%H%M%S').tgz .config/colobot.ini .local/share/colobot/*

restore

cd
tar -xzvf backup-XXXXX.tgz

Operations

switch user (`-l`!)

su -          # same as 'su -l root'
su - user     # same as 'su -l user'

other admin stuff

lsmod
lsusb

visudo     # edit /etc/sudoers
vipw [-s]  # edit /etc/passwd (/etc/shadow)
vigr [-s]  # edit /etc/group (/etc/gshadow)

usermod -L pi
usermod -U pi

screenshots

scrot -cd 5 -a PLIK.png
scrot -s

-d delay (-c countwdown)
-u active window
-s selected area

ssh

listing server public keys

for file in /etc/ssh/*_key.pub do ; echo $file ; ssh-keygen -lf $file ; echo ; done

connecting to server

ssh USER@HOST

packages

list files coming with PACKAGE

dpkg-query -L PACKAGE

find package that brought FILE (Note: for java there is a sequence of links with /etc/alternalives etc.)

dpkg-query -S FILE
dpkg-query -S $(readlink -e $(which java))

finding

files under home, matching pattern, changed last 24h

find ~ -type f -regex '.*pattern.*' -mtime -1 -ls

monitoring

dmesg -H
htop

free -oh

pgrep PROCESS_NAME
pgrep -l PROCESS_NAME

ifconfig
ifconfig wlan0 
ifconfig wlan0 down
ifdown wlan0
ifup wlan0

other

wget -O XXXXX https://xxxxx
hexdump -Cn 512 XXXXX

after X-window hang: keep <Alt>+<PrtScr> pressed and type (slowly, wait for any response after each key): reisub

(just a test)

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raspi-setup.md

raspi-setup.md

Setting up a new Raspberry Pi

Installing NOOBS

Cleaning flash card

Windows

Linux

Getting this doc

Basic configuration

raspi-config etc.

some global setup

nonstandard user setup

Updating

Installing additional software

Checking software versions

Installing

(ubuntu-only packages, not for raspi)

Searching for packages

other settings

wifi

wifi TL-WN725N

packages

Scratch

Backup

Operations

switch user (`-l`!)

screenshots

ssh

packages

finding

monitoring

other

Files

raspi-setup.md

Latest commit

History

raspi-setup.md

File metadata and controls

Setting up a new Raspberry Pi

Installing NOOBS

Cleaning flash card

Windows

Linux

Getting this doc

Basic configuration

raspi-config etc.

some global setup

nonstandard user setup

Updating

Installing additional software

Checking software versions

Installing

(ubuntu-only packages, not for raspi)

Searching for packages

other settings

wifi

wifi TL-WN725N

packages

Scratch

Backup

Operations

switch user (-l!)

screenshots

ssh

packages

finding

monitoring

other

switch user (`-l`!)