ci: Make the std extensions job a required check

[aborgna-q]

As proposed in #1518

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 87.27%. Comparing base (4cbe890) to head (e382094).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #1519   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   87.27%   87.27%           
=======================================
  Files         128      128           
  Lines       21718    21718           
  Branches    18718    18718           
=======================================
  Hits        18955    18955           
  Misses       1990     1990           
  Partials      773      773           

Flag	Coverage Δ
python	92.46% <ø> (ø)
rust	86.44% <ø> (ø)

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