feat: support Yarn Berry global cache

[blimmer]

In Yarn Berry v4+, the default is to cache dependencies into a global cache (~/.yarn/berry/cache), as you can see here:

 docker run -it --entrypoint bash node:20
root@2d1b6b79999d:/# corepack enable
root@2d1b6b79999d:/# mkdir test-berry && cd test-berry
root@2d1b6b79999d:/test-berry# yarn init -y
yarn init v1.22.21
warning The yes flag has been set. This will automatically answer yes to all questions, which may have security implications.
success Saved package.json
Done in 0.01s.
root@2d1b6b79999d:/test-berry# yarn set version berry
➤ YN0000: Done in 0s 13ms
root@2d1b6b79999d:/test-berry# yarn --version
4.0.2
root@2d1b6b79999d:/test-berry# yarn add semver
➤ YN0000: · Yarn 4.0.2
➤ YN0000: ┌ Resolution step
➤ YN0085: │ + semver@npm:7.5.4, lru-cache@npm:6.0.0, yallist@npm:4.0.0
➤ YN0000: └ Completed in 0s 593ms
➤ YN0000: ┌ Fetch step
➤ YN0013: │ 3 packages were added to the project (+ 130.97 KiB).
➤ YN0000: └ Completed
➤ YN0000: ┌ Link step
➤ YN0000: └ Completed
➤ YN0000: · Done in 0s 769ms
root@2d1b6b79999d:/test-berry# ls -al ~/.yarn/berry/cache
total 144
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root   4096 Dec  7 15:57 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root   4096 Dec  7 15:57 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  16449 Dec  7 15:57 lru-cache-npm-6.0.0-b4c8668fe1-10c0.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 101983 Dec  7 15:57 semver-npm-7.5.4-c4ad957fcd-10c0.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  15682 Dec  7 15:57 yallist-npm-4.0.0-b493d9e907-10c0.zip
root@2d1b6b79999d:/test-berry# ls .yarn/cache
ls: cannot access '.yarn/cache': No such file or directory
root@2d1b6b79999d:/test-berry#

To make this work transparently for all Yarn Berry users, we should cache both the global and project-level caches.

[blimmer]

When updating versions of yarn, it writes the packageManager key to package.json. So, when updating between Yarn 3 and 4, it should trigger a cache invalidation based on this existing key.

There is a corner-case where someone updated to Yarn 4 with an older version of this orb where they wouldn't get the global cache. However, it didn't feel important enough to update this key to invalidate all Yarn Berry caches with this change.

[blimmer]

FYI, the documentation on this is incorrect right now: https://yarnpkg.com/configuration/yarnrc#globalFolder. See yarnpkg/berry#6003 for a PR to update the docs to be correct.

[EricRibeiro]

Thank you for your contribution and all the extra context provided in PR! It's very much appreciated 🙏