COVID-19 Imaging-based AI Research Collection[2020 Latest]

This is a collection of COVID-19 imaging-based AI research papers and datasets. If you have paper to recommend or any suggestions, please feel free to contact us.

Contributed by Huazhu Fu, Deng-Ping Fan, Geng Chen, and Tao Zhou.

--- Last updated: 25/05/2021 ---

Caution: Preprints are preliminary reports of work that have not been certified by peer review. They should not be relied on to guide clinical practice or health-related behavior and should not be reported in news media as established information.

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Content:

1. Survey and comments
2. Datasets
3. Imaging-based Clinical Papers
4. AI-related Technical Papers
   1. CT-based methods:
   2. CXR-based methods:
   3. Other imaging methods:
5. See COVID-19 papers from:
   1. arXiv
   2. medRxiv and bioRxiv
   3. RSNA
   4. JAMA
   5. NEJM
   6. Science
   7. PNAS
   8. The Lancet
6. COVID-19 Special Issue CFP:
   1. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging:
      Special Issue on "Imaging-based Diagnosis of COVID-19"
   2. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics:
      Special Issue on "AI-driven Informatics, Sensing, Imaging and Big Data Analytics for Fighting the COVID-19 Pandemic"
   3. Medical Image Analysis:
      Special Issue on "Intelligent Analysis of COVID-19 Imaging Data"
   4. Pattern Recognition:
      Special Issue on "Special Submission Stream on AI for Combating COVID-2019"
7. COVID-19 World Dashboard:
   1. From: World Health Organization (WHO)
   2. From: Johns Hopkins University (JHU)
8. COVID-19 Challenge:
   1. COVID-19 Lung CT Lesion Segmentation Challenge - 2020 (COVID-19-20): Link

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Survey and comments:

1. "Review of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Imaging Data Acquisition, Segmentation and Diagnosis for COVID-19." IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/RBME.2020.2987975

   Feng Shi, Jun Wang, Jun Shi, Ziyan Wu, Qian Wang, Zhenyu Tang, Kelei He, Yinghuan Shi, Dinggang Shen

2. "The role of imaging in the detection and management of COVID-19: a review." IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/RBME.2020.2990959

   Di Dong, Zhenchao Tang, Shuo Wang, Hui Hui, Lixin Gong, Yao Lu, Zhong Xue, Hongen Liao, Fang Chen, Fan Yang, Ronghua Jin, Kun Wang, Zhenyu Liu, Jingwei Wei, Wei Mu, Hui Zhang, Jingying Jiang, Jie Tian, Hongjun Li

3. "Digital technology and COVID-19." Nature Medicine, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-0824-5

   Daniel Shu Wei Ting, Lawrence Carin, Victor Dzau, and Tien Y. Wong

4. "A British Society of Thoracic Imaging statement: considerations in designing local imaging diagnostic algorithms for the COVID-19 pandemic." Clinical Radiology, Volume 75, Issue 5, May 2020, Pages 329-334
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2020.03.008

   A. Nair, J.C.L. Rodrigues, S. Hare, A. Edey, A. Devaraj, J. Jacob, A. Johnstone, R. McStay, Erika Denton, G. Robinson

5. "Systematic review and critical appraisal of prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of COVID-19 infection." BMJ 2020; 369: m1328, 2020.
   medRxiv: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.24.20041020
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1328

   Laure Wynants, Ben Van Calster, Marc MJ Bonten, Gary S Collins, Thomas PA Debray, Maarten De Vos, Maria C Haller, Georg Heinze, Karel GM Moons, Richard D Riley, Ewoud Schuit, Luc Smits, Kym IE Snell, Ewout W Steyerberg, Christine Wallisch, Maarten van Smeden

6. "A review of mathematical modeling, artificial intelligence and datasets used in the study, prediction and management of COVID-19." Applied Intelligence, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-020-01770-9

   Youssoufa Mohamadou, Aminou Halidoum, Pascalin Tiam Kapen

7. "Adoption of Digital Technologies in Health Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of Early Scientific Literature." Journal of Medical Internet Research, Vol 22, No 11 (2020): November.
   doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22280
   medRxiv: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.26.20080341

   Davide Golinelli, Erik Boetto, Gherardo Carullo, Andrea Giovanni Nuzzolese, Maria Paola Landini, Maria Pia Fantini

8. "Detection of Covid-19 From Chest X-ray Images Using Artificial Intelligence: An Early Review." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.05436

   Muhammad Ilyas, Hina Rehman, Amine Nait-ali

9. "Curbing the AI-induced enthusiasm in diagnosing COVID-19 on chest X-Rays: the present and the near-future." medRxiv 2020.04.28.20082776, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.28.20082776

   Alexandru Burlacu, Radu Crisan-Dabija, Iolanda Valentina Popa, Bogdan Artene, Vasile Birzu, Mihai Pricop, Cristina Plesoianu, Daniele Generali

10. "Computer Vision For COVID-19 Control: A Survey." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09420

    Anwaar Ulhaq Asim Khan Douglas Gomes Manoranjan Paul

11. "Artificial Intelligence against COVID-19: An Early Review." IZA Discussion Papers 13110, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), 2020.
    Link: http://ftp.iza.org/dp13110.pdf

    Wim Naudé.

12. Mapping the landscape of artificial intelligence applications against COVID-19. arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.11336

    Joseph Bullock, Alexandra (Sasha)Luccioni, Katherine Hoffmann Pham, Cynthia Sin Nga Lam, Miguel Luengo-Oroz

13. "Zero-Shot Learning and its Applications from Autonomous Vehicles to COVID-19 Diagnosis: A Review." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.14143

    Mahdi Rezaei, Mahsa Shahidi

14. "Diagnostic performance of CT and its key signs for COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis." medRxiv 2020.05.24.20111773, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.24.20111773

    Xiuting Wu, Yuhui Zhong, Wanyue Qin, Zhenxi Zhang, and Kai Li

15. "A Review of Automatically Diagnosing COVID-19 based on Scanning Image." arXiv, 2020.
    doi: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.05245

    Delong Chen, Fan Liu, Zewen Li

16. "COVID19 Detection from Radiographs: Is Deep Learning Able to Handle the Crisis?" Preprints 2020, 2020060189.
    Preprints: https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202006.0189/v1
    Project: https://github.com/saeed-anwar/COVID19-Baselines

    Muhammad Saqib, Saeed Anwar, Abbas Anwar, Lars Petersson, Nabin Sharma, Michael Blumenstein

17. "Comparative study of deep learning methods for the automatic segmentation of lung, lesion and lesion type in CT scans of COVID-19 patients." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.15546

    Sofie Tilborghs, Ine Dirks, Lucas Fidon, Siri Willems, Tom Eelbode, Jeroen Bertels, Bart Ilsen, Arne Brys, Adriana Dubbeldam, Nico Buls, Panagiotis Gonidakis, Sebastián Amador Sánchez, Annemiek Snoeckx, Paul M. Parizel, Johan de Mey, Dirk Vandermeulen, Tom Vercauteren, David Robben, Dirk Smeets, Frederik Maes, Jef Vandemeulebroucke, Paul Suetens

18. "Machine learning for COVID-19 detection and prognostication using chest radiographs and CT scans: a systematic methodological review." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.06388

    Michael Roberts, Derek Driggs, Matthew Thorpe, Julian Gilbey, Michael Yeung, Stephan Ursprung, Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero, Christian Etmann, Cathal McCague, Lucian Beer, Jonathan R. Weir-McCall, Zhongzhao Teng, James H.F. Rudd, Evis Sala, Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

19. "Automated Detection and Forecasting of COVID-19 using Deep Learning Techniques: A Review." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.10785

    Afshin Shoeibi, Marjane Khodatars, Roohallah Alizadehsani, Navid Ghassemi, Mahboobeh Jafari, Parisa Moridian, Ali Khadem, Delaram Sadeghi, Sadiq Hussain, Assef Zare, Zahra Alizadeh Sani, Javad Bazeli, Fahime Khozeimeh, Abbas Khosravi, Saeid Nahavandi, U. Rajendra Acharya, Peng Shi

20. "On the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging of COVID-19." medRxiv 2020.09.02.20187096, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.02.20187096

    Jannis Born, David Beymer, Deepta Rajan, Adam Coy, Vandana V Mukherjee, Matteo Manica, Prasanth Prasanna, Deddeh Ballah, Pallav L Shah, Emmanouil Karteris, Jan Lukas Robertus, Maria Gabrani, Michal Rosen-Zvi

21. "Challenges of Deep Learning Methods for COVID-19 Detection Using Public Datasets." medRxiv 2020.11.07.20227504, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.07.20227504

    Md. Kamrul Hasan, Md. Ashraful Alam, Lavsen Dahal, Md. Toufick E Elahi, Shidhartho Roy, Sifat Redwan Wahid, Robert Marti, Bishesh Khanal

22. "Artificial Intelligence for COVID-19 Detection -- A state-of-the-art review." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.06310

    Parsa Sarosh, Shabir A. Parah, Romany F Mansur, G. M. Bhat

23. "Deep Neural Networks for COVID-19 Detection and Diagnosis using Images and Acoustic-based Techniques: A Recent Review." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.07655

    Walid Hariri, Ali Narin

24. "Do not repeat these mistakes -- a critical appraisal of applications of explainable artificial intelligence for image based COVID-19 detection." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.08333

    Weronika Hryniewska, Przemysław Bombiński, Patryk Szatkowski, Paulina Tomaszewska, Przemysław Biecek

25. "Deep Learning in Detection and Diagnosis of Covid-19 using Radiology Modalities: A Systematic Review." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.11577

    Mustafa Ghaderzadeh, Farkhondeh Asadi

26. "Diagnosis/Prognosis of COVID-19 Images: Challenges, Opportunities, and Applications." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.14106

    Arash Mohammadi, Yingxu Wang, Nastaran Enshaei, Parnian Afshar, Farnoosh Naderkhani, Anastasia Oikonomou, Moezedin Javad Rafiee, Helder C. R. Oliveira, Svetlana Yanushkevich, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

27. "Intelligent Pneumonia Identification from Chest X-Rays: A Systematic Literature Review." medRxiv 2020.07.09.20150342, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.09.20150342

    Wasif Khan, Nazar Zaki, Luqman Ali

28. "Public Covid-19 X-ray datasets and their impact on model bias - a systematic review of a significant problem." medRxiv 2021.02.15.21251775, 2021.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.15.21251775

    Beatriz Garcia Santa Cruz, Matias Nicolas Bossa, Jan Soelter, Andreas Domink Husch

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Datasets:

1. "COVID-19 image data collection." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.11597
   dataset: https://github.com/ieee8023/covid-chestxray-dataset

   Joseph Paul Cohen, Paul Morrison, and Lan Dao

2. "COVID-CT-Dataset: a CT scan dataset about COVID-19." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.13865
   dataset: https://github.com/UCSD-AI4H/COVID-CT

   Jinyu Zhao, Yichen Zhang, Xuehai He, and Pengtao Xie

3. "COVID-19 Patients Lungs X Ray Images 10000."
   Kaggle: https://www.kaggle.com/nabeelsajid917/covid-19-x-ray-10000-images

4. "COVID-19 Radiography Database."
   Kaggle: https://www.kaggle.com/tawsifurrahman/covid19-radiography-database

5. "COVID-19 Xray Dataset (Train & Test Sets)."
   Kaggle: https://www.kaggle.com/khoongweihao/covid19-xray-dataset-train-test-sets

6. "COVID-19 CT segmentation dataset"
   Link: https://medicalsegmentation.com/covid19/

7. "Fighting Covid-19 Challenge - A platform for open research on large Covid-19 imaging datasets"
   Link: https://www.covid19challenge.eu

8. "COVID-19: CASISTICA RADIOLOGICA ITALIANA"
   Link: https://www.sirm.org/category/senza-categoria/covid-19/

9. "Radiopaedia: COVID-19"
   Link: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/covid-19-3

10. "COVID-19 CT Lung and Infection Segmentation Dataset." [Data set]. Zenodo, 2020.
    doi: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3757476
    dataset: https://zenodo.org/record/3757476#.XqgOxS-cZXh

    Jun Ma, Cheng Ge, Yixin Wang, Xingle An, Jiantao Gao, Ziqi Yu, Minqing Zhang, Xin Liu, Xueyuan Deng, Shucheng Cao, Hao Wei, Sen Mei, Xiaoyu Yang, Ziwei Nie, Chen Li, Lu Tian, Yuntao Zhu, Qiongjie Zhu, Guoqiang Dong, Jian He

11. "Towards Efficient COVID-19 CT Annotation: A Benchmark for Lung and Infection Segmentation." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12537
    dataset: https://gitee.com/junma11/COVID-19-CT-Seg-Benchmark

    Jun Ma, Yixin Wang, Xingle An, Cheng Ge, Ziqi Yu, Jianan Chen, Qiongjie Zhu, Guoqiang Dong, Jian He, Zhiqiang He, Ziwei Nie, Xiaoping Yang

12. "POCOVID-Net: Automatic Detection of COVID-19 From a New Lung Ultrasound Imaging Dataset (POCUS)." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.12084
    dataset: https://github.com/jannisborn/covid19_pocus_ultrasound

    Jannis Born, Gabriel Brändle, Manuel Cossio, Marion Disdier, Julie Goulet, Jérémie Roulin, Nina Wiedemann

13. "MosMedData: Chest CT Scans with COVID-19 Related Findings."
    web: https://mosmed.ai/en/

    Sergey Morozov, Anna Andreychenko, Ivan Blokhin, Anton Vladzymyrskyy, Pavel Gelezhe, Victor Gombolevskiy, Anna Gonchar, Natalya Ledikhova, Nikolay Pavlov, Valeriya Chernina

14. "SARS-CoV-2 CT-scan dataset: A large dataset of real patients CT scans for SARS-CoV-2 identification." medRxiv 2020.04.24.20078584, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.24.20078584
    web: www.kaggle.com/plameneduardo/sarscov2-ctscan-dataset

    Eduardo Soares, Plamen Angelov, Sarah Biaso, Michele Higa Froes, Daniel Kanda Abe

15. "BIMCV COVID-19+: a large annotated dataset of RX and CT images from COVID-19 patients." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.01174
    web: http://bimcv.cipf.es/bimcv-projects/bimcv-covid19/

    Maria de la Iglesia Vayá, Jose Manuel Saborit, Joaquim Angel Montell, Antonio Pertusa, Aurelia Bustos, Miguel Cazorla, Joaquin Galant, Xavier Barber, Domingo Orozco-Beltrán, Francisco Garcia, Marisa Caparrós, Germán González, Jose María Salinas

16. "COVID-19-CT-CXR: a freely accessible and weakly labeled chest X-ray and CT image collection on COVID-19 from biomedical literature." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.06177

    Yifan Peng, Yu-Xing Tang, Sungwon Lee, Yingying Zhu, Ronald M. Summers, Zhiyong Lu

17. "Was there COVID-19 back in 2012? Challenge for AI in Diagnosis with Similar Indications." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.13262

    Imon Banerjee, Priyanshu Sinha, Saptarshi Purkayastha, Nazanin Mashhaditafreshi, Amara Tariq, Jiwoong Jeong, Hari Trivedi, Judy W. Gichoya

18. "Study of Different Deep Learning Approach with Explainable AI for Screening Patients with COVID-19 Symptoms: Using CT Scan and Chest X-ray Image Dataset." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.12525

    Md Manjurul Ahsan, Kishor Datta Gupta, Mohammad Maminur Islam, Sajib Sen, Md. Lutfar Rahman, Mohammad Shakhawat Hossain

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Imaging-based Clinical Papers:

1. "Sensitivity of Chest CT for COVID-19: Comparison to RT-PCR." Radiology, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200432

   Yicheng Fang, Huangqi Zhang, Jicheng Xie, Minjie Lin, Lingjun Ying, Peipei Pang, and Wenbin Ji

2. "Chest CT Features of COVID-19 in Rome, Italy." Radiology, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201237

   Damiano Caruso, Marta Zerunian, Michela Polici, Francesco Pucciarelli, Tiziano Polidori, Carlotta Rucci, Gisella Guido, Benedetta Bracci, Chiara de Dominicis, and Prof. Andrea Laghi

3. "Time Course of Lung Changes On Chest CT During Recovery From 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pneumonia." Radiology, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200370

   Feng Pan, Tianhe Ye, Peng Sun, Shan Gui, Bo Liang, Lingli Li, Dandan Zheng, Jiazheng Wang, Richard L. Hesketh, Lian Yang, and Chuansheng Zheng

4. "Correlation of Chest CT and RT-PCR Testing in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A Report of 1014 Cases." Radiology, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200642

   Tao Ai, Zhenlu Yang, Hongyan Hou, Chenao Zhan, Chong Chen, Wenzhi Lv, Qian Tao, Ziyong Sun, and Liming Xia

5. "Chest CT manifestations of new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a pictorial review." European Radiology, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06801-0

   Zheng Ye, Yun Zhang, Yi Wang, Zixiang Huang, and Bin Song

6. "The role of CT in case ascertainment and management of COVID-19 pneumonia in the UK: insights from high-incidence regions." The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30132-6

   Felix Chua, Darius Armstrong-James, Sujal R Desai, Joseph Barnett, Vasileios Kouranos, Onn Min Kon, Ricardo José, Rama Vancheeswaran, Michael R Loebinger, Joyce Wong, Maria Teresa Cutino-Moguel, Cliff Morgan, Stephane Ledot, Boris Lams, Wing Ho Yip, Leski Li, Ying Cheong Lee, Adrian Draper, Sze Shyang Kho, Elisabetta Renzoni, Katie Ward, Jimstan Periselneris, Sisa Grubnic, Marc Lipman, Athol U Wells, and Anand Devara

7. "CT Imaging Features of 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)." Radiology, 2020, 295:1, 202-207.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200230

   Michael Chung, Adam Bernheim, Xueyan Mei, Ning Zhang, Mingqian Huang, Xianjun Zeng, Jiufa Cui, Wenjian Xu, Yang Yang, Zahi A. Fayad, Adam Jacobi, Kunwei Li, Shaolin Li, and Hong Shan

8. "Imaging Profile of the COVID-19 Infection: Radiologic Findings and Literature Review." Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging, 2020, 2:1
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.2020200034

   Ming-Yen Ng, Elaine YP Lee, Jin Yang, Fangfang Yang, Xia Li, Hongxia Wang, Macy Mei-sze Lui, Christine Shing-Yen Lo, Barry Leung, Pek-Lan Khong, Christopher Kim-Ming Hui, Kwok-yung Yuen, and Michael David Kuo

9. "Serial Quantitative Chest CT Assessment of COVID-19: Deep-Learning Approach." Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging, 2020, 2:2
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.2020200075

   Lu Huang, Rui Han, Tao Ai, Pengxin Yu, Han Kang, Qian Tao, and Liming Xia

10. "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China." The Lancet, vol. 395, no. 10223, pp. 497–506, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5

    Chaolin Huang, Yeming Wang, Xingwang Li, Lili Ren, Jianping Zhao, Yi Hu, Li Zhang, Guohui Fan, Jiuyang Xu, Xiaoying Gu, Zhenshun Cheng, Ting Yu, Jiaan Xia, Yuan Wei, Wenjuan Wu, Xuelei Xie, Wen Yin, Hui Li, Min Liu, Yan Xiao, Hong Gao, Li Guo, Jungang Xie, Guangfa Wang, Rongmeng Jiang, Zhancheng Gao, Qi Jin, Jianwei Wang, and Bin Cao

11. "Frequency and Distribution of Chest Radiographic Findings in COVID-19 Positive Patients." Radiology, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201160

    Ho Yuen Frank Wong, Hiu Yin Sonia Lam, Ambrose Ho-Tung Fong, Siu Ting Leung, Thomas Wing-Yan Chin, Christine Shing Yen Lo, Macy Mei-Sze Lui, Jonan Chun Yin Lee, Keith Wan-Hang Chiu, Tom Chung, Elaine Yuen Phin Lee, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Fan Ngai Ivan Hung, Tina Poy Wing Lam, Michael Kuo, and Ming-Yen Ng

12. "Differences in Clinical and Imaging Presentation of Pediatric Patients with COVID-19 in Comparison with Adults." Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging, 2020, 2:2
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.2020200117

    Amei Chen, Junxiang Huang, Yuting Liao, Zaosong Liu, Dandan Chen, Chongzhe Yang, Ruimeng Yang, and Xinhua Wei

13. "CT image visual quantitative evaluation and clinical classification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)." European Radiology, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06817-6

    Kunwei Li, Yijie Fang, Wenjuan Li, Cunxue Pan, Peixin Qin, Yinghua Zhong, Xueguo Liu, Mingqian Huang, Yuting Liao, and Shaolin Li

14. "The Role of Chest Imaging in Patient Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multinational Consensus Statement from the Fleischner Society." Radiology, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020201365

    Geoffrey D. Rubin, Christopher J. Ryerson, Linda B. Haramati, Nicola Sverzellati, Jeffrey P. Kanne, Suhail Raoof, Neil W. Schluger, Annalisa Volpi, Jae-Joon Yim, Ian B. K. Martin, Deverick J. Anderson, Christina Kong, Talissa Altes, Andrew Bush, Sujal R. Desai, Jonathan Goldin, Jin Mo Goo, Marc Humbert, Yoshikazu Inoue, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Fengming Luo, Peter J. Mazzone, Mathias Prokop, Martine Remy-Jardin, Luca Richeldi, Cornelia M. Schaefer-Prokop, Noriyuki Tomiyama, Athol U. Wells, and Ann N. Leung

15. "How Might AI and Chest Imaging Help Unravel COVID-19’s Mysteries?" Radiology: Artificial Intelligence, 2020, 2:3.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/ryai.2020200053

    Shinjini Kundu, Hesham Elhalawani, Judy W. Gichoya, and Charles E. Kahn, Jr

16. "A Systematic Meta-Analysis of CT Features of COVID-19: Lessons from Radiology." medRxiv 2020.04.04.20052241, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.04.20052241

    Vasantha Kumar Venugopal, Vidur Mahajan, Sriram Rajan, Vikash Kumar Agarwal, Ruchika Rajan, Salsabeel Syed, Harsh Mahajan

17. "A globally available COVID-19 - Template for clinical imaging studies." medRxiv 2020.04.02.20048793, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.02.20048793

    Gabriel Alexander Salg, Maria Katharina Ganten, Matthias Baumhauer, Claus Peter Heussel, Jens Kleesiek

18. "Explainable-By-Design Approach For Covid-19 Classification Via CT-Scan." medRxiv 2020.04.24.20078584, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.24.20078584

    Plamen Angelov, Eduardo Soares

19. "Diagnostic power of chest CT for COVID-19: to screen or not to screen." medRxiv 2020.05.18.20097444, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.18.20097444

    Kristof Smet, Dieter De Smet, Ingel Demedts, Bernard Bouckaert, Thomas Ryckaert, Emanuel Laridon, Birgit Heremans, Ruben Vandenbulcke, Stefaan Gryspeerdt, Geert Antoine Martens

20. "Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Candidate Chest CT Features: A Systematic Review of Extracted Imaging Features from 7571 Individuals." medRxiv 2020.11.03.20225326, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.03.20225326

    Javad Zahiri, Mohammad Hossein Afsharinia, Zhaleh Hekmati, Mohsen Khodarahmi, Shahrzad Hekmati, Ramin Pourghorban

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AI-related Technical Papers:

CT-based methods:

1. "Artificial Intelligence Distinguishes COVID-19 from Community Acquired Pneumonia on Chest CT." Radiology, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200905

   Lin Li, Lixin Qin, Zeguo Xu, Youbing Yin, Xin Wang, Bin Kong, Junjie Bai, Yi Lu, Zhenghan Fang, Qi Song, Kunlin Cao, Daliang Liu, Guisheng Wang, Qizhong Xu, Xisheng Fang, Shiqin Zhang, Juan Xia, and Jun Xia

2. "Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: Assessing Inflammation Burden with Volume-rendered Chest CT." Radiology: Cardiothoracic Imaging, 2020, 2:2
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/ryct.2020200044

   Lei Tang, Xiaoyong Zhang, Yvquan Wang, and Xianchun Zeng

3. "Quantitative computed tomography analysis for stratifying the severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019." Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 2020, 2095-1779
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.004

   Cong Shen, Nan Yu, Shubo Cai, Jie Zhou, Jiexin Sheng, Kang Liu, Heping Zhou, Youmin Guo, Gang Niu

4. "Clinically Applicable AI System for Accurate Diagnosis, Quantitative Measurements and Prognosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia Using Computed Tomography." Cell, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.045
   dataset: http://ncov-ai.big.ac.cn/download?lang=en

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90. "COVID-19 CT Image Synthesis with a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network." IEEE JBHI, 2021.
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    Afshar Shamsi Jokandan, Hamzeh Asgharnezhad, Shirin Shamsi Jokandan, Abbas Khosravi, Parham M.Kebria, Darius Nahavandi, Saeid Nahavandi, Dipti Srinivasan

92. "Severity Assessment and Progression Prediction of COVID-19 Patients based on the LesionEncoder Framework and Chest CT." medRxiv 2020.08.03.20167007, 2020.
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    Youzhen Feng, Sidong Liu, Zhongyuan Cheng, Juan Quiroz, Data Rezazadegan, Pingkang Chen, Qiting Lin, Long Qian, Xiaofang Liu, Shlomo Berkovsky, Enrico Coiera, Lei Song, Xiaoming Qiu, Xiangran Cai

93. "Efficient Deep Network Architecture for COVID-19 Detection Using Computed Tomography Images." medRxiv 2020.08.14.20170290, 2020.
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94. "Automated detection and quantification of COVID-19 airspace disease on chest radiographs: A novel approach achieving radiologist-level performance using a CNN trained on digital reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) from CT-based ground-truth." arXiv, 2020.
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    Eduardo Mortani Barbosa Jr., Warren B. Gefter, Rochelle Yang, Florin C. Ghesu, Siqi Liu, Boris Mailhe, Awais Mansoor, Sasa Grbic, Sebastian Piat, Guillaume Chabin, Vishwanath R S., Abishek Balachandran, Sebastian Vogt, Valentin Ziebandt, Steffen Kappler, Dorin Comaniciu

95. "Comparative performance analysis of the ResNet backbones of Mask RCNN to segment the signs of COVID-19 in chest CT scans." arXiv, 2020.
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96. "Symbolic Semantic Segmentation and Interpretation of COVID-19 Lung Infections in Chest CT volumes based on Emergent Languages." arXiv, 2020.
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    Aritra Chowdhury, Alberto Santamaria-Pang, James R. Kubricht, Jianwei Qiu, Peter Tu

97. "A Fully Automated Deep Learning-based Network For Detecting COVID-19 from a New And Large Lung CT Scan Dataset." medRxiv 2020.06.08.20121541, 2020.
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    Mohammad Rahimzadeh, Abolfazl Attar, Seyed Mohammad Sakhaei

98. "Performance and Robustness of Machine Learning-based Radiomic COVID-19 Severity Prediction." medRxiv 2020.09.07.20189977, 2020.
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99. "COVIDNet-CT: A Tailored Deep Convolutional Neural Network Design for Detection of COVID-19 Cases from Chest CT Images." arXiv, 2020.
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100. "COVID CT-Net: Predicting Covid-19 From Chest CT Images Using Attentional Convolutional Network" arXiv, 2020.
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     Shakib Yazdani, Shervin Minaee, Rahele Kafieh, Narges Saeedizadeh, Milan Sonka

101. "Label-Free Segmentation of COVID-19 Lesions in Lung CT." arXiv, 2020.
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     Qingsong Yao, Li Xiao, Peihang Liu, S. Kevin Zhou

102. "Classification and Region Analysis of COVID-19 Infection using Lung CT Images and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.08864

     Saddam Hussain Khan, Anabia Sohail, Asifullah Khan, Yeon Soo Lee

103. "Classification of COVID-19 in CT Scans using Multi-Source Transfer Learning." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.10474

     Alejandro R. Martinez

104. "Attention with Multiple Sources Knowledges for COVID-19 from CT Images." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.11008

     Duy M. H. Nguyen, Duy M. Nguyen, Huong Vu, Binh T. Nguyen, Fabrizio Nunnari, Daniel Sonntag

105. "SCOAT-Net: A Novel Network for Segmenting COVID-19 Lung Opacification from CT Images." medRxiv 2020.09.23.20191726, 2020.
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     Shixuan Zhao, Yongjie Li, Zhidan Li, Yang Chen, Wei Zhao, Xie Xingzhi, Jun Liu, Di Zhao

106. "Characterization of Covid-19 Dataset using Complex Networks and Image Processing." arXiv, 2020.
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     Josimar Chire, Esteban Wilfredo Vilca Zuniga

107. "COVID-CT-MD: COVID-19 Computed Tomography (CT) Scan Dataset Applicable in Machine Learning and Deep Learning." arXiv, 2020.
     doi: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.14623

     Parnian Afshar, Shahin Heidarian, Nastaran Enshaei, Farnoosh Naderkhani, Moezedin Javad Rafiee, Anastasia Oikonomou, Faranak Babaki Fard, Kaveh Samimi, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis, Arash Mohammadi

108. "COVID-CT-Mask-Net: Prediction of COVID-19 from CT Scans Using Regional Features." medRxiv 2020.10.11.20211052,
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     Aram Ter-Sarkisov

109. "GASNet: Weakly-supervised Framework for COVID-19 Lesion Segmentation." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.09456

     Zhanwei Xu, Yukun Cao, Cheng Jin, Guozhu Shao, Xiaoqing Liu, Jie Zhou, Heshui Shi, Jianjiang Feng

110. "Automated triage of COVID-19 from various lung abnormalities using chest CT features." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.12967

     Dor Amran, Maayan Frid-Adar, Nimrod Sagie, Jannette Nassar, Asher Kabakovitch, Hayit Greenspan

111. "COVID-FACT: A Fully-Automated Capsule Network-based Framework for Identification of COVID-19 Cases from Chest CT scans." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.16041

     Shahin Heidarian, Parnian Afshar, Nastaran Enshaei, Farnoosh Naderkhani, Anastasia Oikonomou, S. Farokh Atashzar, Faranak Babaki Fard, Kaveh Samimi, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis, Arash Mohammadi, Moezedin Javad Rafiee

112. "CT-CAPS: Feature Extraction-based Automated Framework for COVID-19 Disease Identification from Chest CT Scans using Capsule Networks." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.16043

     Shahin Heidarian, Parnian Afshar, Arash Mohammadi, Moezedin Javad Rafiee, Anastasia Oikonomou, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis, Farnoosh Naderkhani

113. "Detection and Segmentation of Lesion Areas in Chest CT Scans For The Prediction of COVID-19." medRxiv 2020.10.23.20218461, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.23.20218461

     Aram Ter-Sarkisov

114. "Explainable COVID-19 Detection Using Chest CT Scans and Deep Learning." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05317

     Hammam Alshazly, Christoph Linse, Erhardt Barth, Thomas Martinetz

115. "Lightweight Model For The Prediction of COVID-19 Through The Detection And Segmentation of Lesions in Chest CT Scans." medRxiv 2020.10.30.20223586, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.30.20223586

     Aram Ter-Sarkisov

116. "Deep learning Enables Accurate Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) with CT images." medRxiv 2020.02.23.20026930, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.23.20026930

     Song Ying, Shuangjia Zheng, Liang Li, Xiang Zhang, Xiaodong Zhang, Ziwang Huang, Jianwen Chen, Huiying Zhao, Ruixuan Wang, Yutian Chong, Jun Shen, Yunfei Zha, Yuedong Yang

117. "Quantitative Assessment of Chest CT Patterns in COVID-19 and Bacterial Pneumonia patients: A Deep Learning Perspective." medRxiv 2020.11.13.20231118, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.13.20231118

     Myeongkyun Kang, Philip Chikontwe, Miguel Luna, Kyung Soo Hong, Jong Geol Jang, Jongsoo Park, Kyeong-Cheol Shin, June Hong Ahn, Sang Hyun Park

118. "CovSegNet: A Multi Encoder-Decoder Architecture for Improved Lesion Segmentation of COVID-19 Chest CT Scans." arXiv, 2020.
     doi: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.01473

     Tanvir Mahmud, Md Awsafur Rahman, Shaikh Anowarul Fattah, Sun-Yuan Kung

119. "Supervised Image Classification Algorithm Using Representative Spatial Texture Features: Application to COVID-19 Diagnosis Using CT Images." medRxiv 2020.12.03.20243493, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.03.20243493

     Zehor Belkhatir, Raul San Jose Estepar, Allen R Tannenbaum

120. "COVID-CLNet: COVID-19 Detection with Compressive Deep Learning Approaches." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.02234

     Khalfalla Awedat, Almabrok Essa

121. "CHS-Net: A Deep learning approach for hierarchical segmentation of COVID-19 infected CT images." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.07079

     Narinder Singh Punn, Sonali Agarwal

122. "Screening COVID-19 Based on CT/CXR Images & Building a Publicly Available CT-scan Dataset of COVID-19." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.14204

     Maryam Dialameh, Ali Hamzeh, Hossein Rahmani, Amir Reza Radmard, Safoura Dialameh

123. "An Explainable AI System for Automated COVID-19 Assessment and Lesion Categorization from CT-scans." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.11943

     Matteo Pennisi, Isaak Kavasidis, Concetto Spampinato, Vincenzo Schininà, Simone Palazzo, Francesco Rundo, Massimo Cristofaro, Paolo Campioni, Elisa Pianura, Federica Di Stefano, Ada Petrone, Fabrizio Albarello, Giuseppe Ippolito, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Sabrina Conoci

124. "Uncertainty-Aware Semi-supervised Method using Large Unlabelled and Limited Labeled COVID-19 Data." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06388

     Roohallah Alizadehsani, Danial Sharifrazi, Navid Hoseini Izadi, Javad Hassannataj Joloudari, Afshin Shoeibi, Juan M. Gorriz, Sadiq Hussain, Juan E. Arco, Zahra Alizadeh Sani, Fahime Khozeimeh, Abbas Khosravi, Saeid Nahavandi, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, U Rajendra Acharya

125. "Boosting Deep Transfer Learning for COVID-19 Classification." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.08085

     Fouzia Altaf, Syed M.S. Islam, Naeem K. Janjua, Naveed Akhtar

126. "One Shot Model For COVID-19 Classification and Lesions Segmentation In Chest CT Scans Using LSTM With Attention Mechanism." medRxiv 2021.02.16.21251754, 2021.
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     Aram Ter-Sarkisov

127. "Automated Model Design and Benchmarking of 3D Deep Learning Models for COVID-19 Detection with Chest CT Scans." AAAI, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.05442
     Code: https://github.com/HKBU-HPML/CovidNet3D

     Xin He, Shihao Wang, Xiaowen Chu, Shaohuai Shi, Jiangping Tang, Xin Liu, Chenggang Yan, Jiyong Zhang, Guiguang Ding

128. "Rapid quantification of COVID-19 pneumonia burden from computed tomography with convolutional LSTM networks." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.00138

     Kajetan Grodecki, Aditya Killekar, Andrew Lin, Sebastien Cadet, Priscilla McElhinney, Aryabod Razipour, Cato Chan, Barry D. Pressman, Peter Julien, Judit Simon, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Nicola Gaibazzi, Udit Thakur, Elisabetta Mancini, Cecilia Agalbato, Jiro Munechika, Hidenari Matsumoto, Roberto Menè, Gianfranco Parati, Franco Cernigliaro, Nitesh Nerlekar, Camilla Torlasco, Gianluca Pontone, Damini Dey, Piotr J. Slomka

129. "Efficient Multi-objective Evolutionary 3D Neural Architecture Search for COVID-19 Detection with Chest CT Scans." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.10667

     Xin He, Shihao Wang, Guohao Ying, Jiyong Zhang, Xiaowen Chu

130. "COVID-Nets: Deep CNN Architectures for Detecting COVID-19 Using Chest CT Scans." medRxiv 2021.04.19.21255763.
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     Hammam Alshazly, Christoph Linse, Mohamed Abdalla, Erhardt Barth, Thomas Martinetz

131. "Dual-Attention Residual Network for Automatic Diagnosis of COVID-19." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.06779

     Jun Shi, Huite Yi, Xiaoyu Hao, Hong An, Wei Wei

132. "UncertaintyFuseNet: Robust Uncertainty-aware Hierarchical Feature Fusion with Ensemble Monte Carlo Dropout for COVID-19 Detection." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.08590

     Moloud Abdar, Soorena Salari, Sina Qahremani, Hak-Keung Lam, Fakhri Karray, Sadiq Hussain, Abbas Khosravi, U. Rajendra Acharya, Saeid Nahavandi

133. "COVID-19 Detection in Computed Tomography Images with 2D and 3D Approaches." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.08506

     Sara Atito Ali Ahmed, Mehmet Can Yavuz, Mehmet Umut Sen, Fatih Gulsen, Onur Tutar, Bora Korkmazer, Cesur Samanci, Sabri Sirolu, Rauf Hamid, Ali Ergun Eryurekli, Toghrul Mammadov, Berrin Yanikoglu

134. "Generation of COVID-19 Chest CT Scan Images using Generative Adversarial Networks." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.11241

     Prerak Mann, Sahaj Jain, Saurabh Mittal, Aruna Bhat

CXR-based methods:

1. "Deep Learning COVID-19 Features on CXR using Limited Training Data Sets." IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2020.2993291
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.05758

   Yujin Oh, Sangjoon Park, Jong Chul Ye

2. "Deep-COVID: Predicting COVID-19 From Chest X-Ray Images Using Deep Transfer Learning." Medical Image Analysis, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.media.2020.101794
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.09363

   Shervin Minaee, Rahele Kafieh, Milan Sonka, Shakib Yazdani, Ghazaleh Jamalipour Soufi

3. "Within the Lack of Chest COVID-19 X-ray Dataset: A Novel Detection Model Based on GAN and Deep Transfer Learning." Symmetry, 2020, 12(4), 651.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12040651

   Mohamed Loey, Florentin Smarandache, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa

4. "A Study of the Neutrosophic Set Significance on Deep Transfer Learning Models: an Experimental Case on a Limited COVID-19 Chest X-ray Dataset." Cognitive Computation, 2021.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-020-09802-9

   Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Florentin Smarandache, Gunasekaran Manogaran, Mohamed Loey

5. "COVID-Net: A Tailored Deep Convolutional Neural Network Design for Detection of COVID-19 Cases from Chest Radiography Images." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.09871

   Linda Wang, Alexander Wong

6. "Automatic Detection of Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Using X-ray Images and Deep Convolutional Neural Networks." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10849

   Ali Narin, Ceren Kaya, Ziynet Pamuk

7. "Classification of COVID-19 in chest X-ray images using DeTraC deep convolutional neural network." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.13815

   Asmaa Abbas, Mohammed M. Abdelsamea, Mohamed Medhat Gaber

8. "COVID-19 Screening on Chest X-ray Images Using Deep Learning based Anomaly Detection." arXiv, 2020
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.12338

   Jianpeng Zhang, Yutong Xie, Yi Li, Chunhua Shen, Yong Xia

9. "Estimating Uncertainty and Interpretability in Deep Learning for Coronavirus (COVID-19) Detection." arXiv, 2020
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10769

   Biraja Ghoshal, Allan Tucker

10. COVID-ResNet: A Deep Learning Framework for Screening of COVID19 from Radiographs. arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.14395

    Muhammad Farooq, Abdul Hafeez

11. "Detection of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Associated Pneumonia based on Generative Adversarial Networks and a Fine-Tuned Deep Transfer Learning Model using Chest X-ray Dataset." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.01184

    Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Mohamed Hamed N. Taha, Aboul Ella Hassanien, Sally Elghamrawy

12. "Automatic X-ray COVID-19 Lung Image Classification System based on Multi-Level Thresholding and Support Vector Machine." medRxiv 2020.03.30.20047787, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.30.20047787

    Aboul Ella Hassanien Sr., Lamia Nabil Mahdy Jr., Kadry Ali Ezzat Jr., Haytham H. Elmousalami Jr., Hassan Aboul Ella Jr.

13. "Covid-19: Automatic detection from X-Ray images utilizing Transfer Learning with Convolutional Neural Networks." arXiv, 2020
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.11617

    Ioannis D. Apostolopoulos, Tzani Bessiana

14. "Classification of Coronavirus Images using Shrunken Features." medRxiv 2020.04.03.20048868, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.03.20048868

    Saban Ozturk, Umut Ozkaya, Mucahid Barstugan

15. "Finding Covid-19 from Chest X-rays using Deep Learning on a Small Dataset." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02060

    Lawrence O. Hall, Rahul Paul, Dmitry B. Goldgof, Gregory M. Goldgof

16. "COVID-CAPS: A Capsule Network-based Framework for Identification of COVID-19 cases from X-ray Image." arXiv, 2020.
    arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.02696

    Parnian Afshar, Shahin Heidarian, Farnoosh Naderkhani, Anastasia Oikonomou, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis, Arash Mohammadi

17. "COVID-Xpert: An AI Powered Population Screening of COVID-19 Cases Using Chest Radiography Images." arXiv, 2020.
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     Andrio Adwibowo

107. "Automatic analysis system of COVID-19 radiographic lung images (XrayCoviDetector)." medRxiv 2020.08.20.20178723, 2020.
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108. "Chest X-ray image analysis and classification for COVID-19 pneumonia detection using Deep CNN." medRxiv 2020.08.20.20178913, 2020.
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     Terry Gao

109. "Automated COVID-19 Detection from Chest X-Ray Images : A High Resolution Network (HRNet) Approach." medRxiv 2020.08.26.20182311, 2020.
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     Sifat Ahmed, Tonmoy Hossain, Oishee Bintey Hoque, Sujan Sarker, Sejuti Rahman, Faisal Muhammad Shah

110. "COVID-19 Detection From Chest Radiographs Using Machine Learning and Convolutional Neural Networks." medRxiv 2020.08.31.20175828, 2020.
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     Andrew C. Li, David T. Lee, Kristoff K. Misquitta, Kaiji Uno, Sasha Wald

111. "4S-DT: Self Supervised Super Sample Decomposition for Transfer learning with application to COVID-19 detection." medRxiv 2020.06.22.20137547, 2020.
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     Asmaa Abbas, Mohammed Abdelsamea, Mohamed Gaber

112. "Fused Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Precision Diagnosis of COVID-19 Using Chest X-Ray Images." arXiv, 2020.
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     Hussin K. Ragb, Ian T. Dover, Redha Ali

113. "ECOVNet: An Ensemble of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks Based on EfficientNet to Detect COVID-19 From Chest X-rays." arXiv, 2020.
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     Nihad Karim Chowdhury, Md. Muhtadir Rahman, Noortaz Rezoana, Muhammad Ashad Kabir

114. "Generating Realistic COVID19 X-rays with a Mean Teacher + Transfer Learning GAN." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.12478

     Sumeet Menon, Joshua Galita, David Chapman, Aryya Gangopadhyay, Jayalakshmi Mangalagiri, Phuong Nguyen, Yaacov Yesha, Yelena Yesha, Babak Saboury, Michael Morris

115. "Potential Features of ICU Admission in X-ray Images of COVID-19 Patients." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.12597

     Douglas P. S. Gomes, Anwaar Ulhaq, Manoranjan Paul, Michael J. Horry, Subrata Chakraborty, Manas Saha, Tanmoy Debnath, D.M. Motiur Rahaman

116. "Deep Learning-based Four-region Lung Segmentation in Chest Radiography for COVID-19 Diagnosis." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.12610

     Young-Gon Kim, Kyungsang Kim, Dufan Wu, Hui Ren, Won Young Tak, Soo Young Park, Yu Rim Lee, Min Kyu Kang, Jung Gil Park, Byung Seok Kim, Woo Jin Chung, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Quanzheng Li

117. "COVID-19 Infection Map Generation and Detection from Chest X-Ray Images." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.12698

     Aysen Degerli, Mete Ahishali, Mehmet Yamac, Serkan Kiranyaz, Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury, Khalid Hameed, Tahir Hamid, Rashid Mazhar, Moncef Gabbouj

118. "GraphXCOVID: Explainable Deep Graph Diffusion Pseudo-Labelling for Identifying COVID-19 on Chest X-rays." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.00378

     Angelica I Aviles-Rivero, Philip Sellars, Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb, Nicolas Papadakis

119. "An Integrated Framework with Machine Learning and Radiomics for Accurate and Rapid Early Diagnosis of COVID-19 from Chest X-ray." medRxiv 2020.10.01.20205146, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.01.20205146

     Mahbubunnabi Tamal, Maha Alshammari, Meernah Alabdullah, Rana Hourani, Hossain Abu Alola, Tarek M. Hegazi

120. "COVID-19 Classification of X-ray Images Using Deep Neural Networks." medRxiv 2020.10.01.20204073, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.01.20204073

     Elisha Goldstein, Daphna Keidar, Daniel Yaron, Yair Shachar, Ayelet Blass, Leonid Charbinsky, Israel Aharony, Liza Lifshitz, Dimitri Lumelsky, Ziv Neeman, Matti Mizrachi, Majd Hajouj, Nethanel Eizenbach, Eyal Sela, Chedva Weiss, Philip Levin, Ofer Benjaminov, Gil N Bachar, Shlomit Tamir, Yael Rapson, Dror Suhami, amiel a dror, Naama Bogot, Ahuva Grubstein, Nogah Shabsin, Yishai M Elyada, Yonina Eldar

121. "A Novel Strategy for COVID-19 Classification from Chest X-ray Images Using Deep Stacked-Ensembles." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.05690

     Lalith Bharadwaj B, Rohit Boddeda, Sai Vardhan K, Sai Mohan G, Sai Deepak V, Shilhora Akshay Patel

122. "RANDGAN: Randomized Generative Adversarial Network for Detection of COVID-19 in Chest X-ray." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.06418

     Saman Motamed, Patrik Rogalla, Farzad Khalvati

123. "COVID-19 Detection on Chest X-Ray and CT Scan Images Using Multi-image Augmented Deep Learning Model." bioRxiv 2020.07.15.205567, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.15.205567

     Kiran Purohit, Abhishek Kesarwani, Dakshina Ranjan Kisku, Mamata Dalui

124. "Interpreting Uncertainty in Model Predictions For COVID-19 Diagnosis." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.13271

     Gayathiri Murugamoorthy, Naimul Khan

125. "Triple-view Convolutional Neural Networks for COVID-19 Diagnosis with Chest X-ray." arXiv, 2020.
     aeXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.14091

     Jianjia Zhang

126. "Validation of expert system enhanced deep learning algorithm for automated screening for COVID-Pneumonia on chest X-rays." medRxiv 2020.10.20.20213793, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.20.20213793

     Prashant Sadashiv Gidde, Shyam Sunder Prasad, Ajay Pratap Singh, Nitin Bhatheja, Satyartha Prakash, Prateek Singh, Aakash Saboo, Rohit Thakar, Salil Gupta, Sumeet Saurav, M V Raghunandanan, Amritpal Singh, Viren Sardana, Harsh Mahajan, Arjun Kalyanpur, Atanendu Shekhar Mandal, Vidur Mahajan, Anurag Agrawal, Anjali Agrawal, Vasantha Kumar Venugopal, Sanjay Singh, Debasis Dash

127. "Synthesis of COVID-19 Chest X-rays using Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.10266

     Hasib Zunair, A. Ben Hamza

128. "FLANNEL: Focal Loss Based Neural Network Ensemble for COVID-19 Detection." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.16039

     Zhi Qiao, Austin Bae, Lucas M. Glass, Cao Xiao, Jimeng Sun

129. "Transfer learning to detect COVID-19 automatically from X-ray images, using convolutional neural networks." medRxiv 2020.08.25.20182170, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.25.20182170

     Mundher Taresh Sr., Ningbo Zhu Sr., Talal Ahmed Ali Ali Sr.

130. "Pristine annotations-based multi-modal trained artificial intelligence solution to triage chest X-ray for COVID-19." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.05186

     Tao Tan, Bipul Das, Ravi Soni, Mate Fejes, Sohan Ranjan, Daniel Attila Szabo, Vikram Melapudi, K S Shriram, Utkarsh Agrawal, Laszlo Rusko, Zita Herczeg, Barbara Darazs, Pal Tegzes, Lehel Ferenczi, Rakesh Mullick, Gopal Avinash

131. "Automated covid-19 detection from frontal Chest X-Ray images using Deep Learning: an online feasibility study." medRxiv 2020.07.16.20155093, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.16.20155093

     Xavier P. Burgos-Artizzu

132. "Decision and Feature Level Fusion of Deep Features Extracted from Public COVID-19 Data-sets." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2011.08528

     Hamza Osman Ilhan, Gorkem Serbes, Nizamettin Aydin

133. "Automatic COVID-19 Detection from chest radiographic images using Convolutional Neural Network." medRxiv 2020.11.08.20228080, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.08.20228080

     Sohaib Asif, Kamran Amjad

134. "Exploring the Effect of Image Enhancement Techniques on COVID-19 Detection using Chest X-rays Images." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.02238

     Tawsifur Rahman, Amith Khandakar, Yazan Qiblawey, Anas Tahir, Serkan Kiranyaz, Saad Bin Abul Kashem, Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Somaya Al Maadeed, Susu M Zughaier, Muhammad Salman Khan, Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury

135. "Multiscale Attention Guided Network for COVID-19 Detection Using Chest X-ray Images." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.02278

     Jingxiong Li, Yaqi Wang, Shuai Wang, Jun Wang, Jun Liu, Qun Jin, Lingling Sun

136. "Deep Metric Learning-based Image Retrieval System for Chest Radiograph and its Clinical Applications in COVID-19." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.03663

     Aoxiao Zhong, Xiang Li, Dufan Wu, Hui Ren, Kyungsang Kim, Younggon Kim, Varun Buch, Nir Neumark, Bernardo Bizzo, Won Young Tak, Soo Young Park, Yu Rim Lee, Min Kyu Kang, Jung Gil Park, Byung Seok Kim, Woo Jin Chung, Ning Guo, Ittai Dayan, Mannudeep K. Kalra, Quanzheng Li

137. "AIforCOVID: predicting the clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 applying AI to chest-X-rays. An Italian multicentre study." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.06531

     Paolo Soda, Natascha Claudia D'Amico, Jacopo Tessadori, Giovanni Valbusa, Valerio Guarrasi, Chandra Bortolotto, Muhammad Usman Akbar, Rosa Sicilia, Ermanno Cordelli, Deborah Fazzini, Michaela Cellina, Giancarlo Oliva, Giovanni Callea, Silvia Panella, Maurizio Cariati, Diletta Cozzi, Vittorio Miele, Elvira Stellato, Gian Paolo Carrafiello, Giulia Castorani, Annalisa Simeone, Lorenzo Preda, Giulio Iannello, Alessio Del Bue, Fabio Tedoldi, Marco Alì, Diego Sona, Sergio Papa

138. "Constructing and Evaluating an Explainable Model for COVID-19 Diagnosis from Chest X-rays." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.10787

     Rishab Khincha, Soundarya Krishnan, Krishnan Guru-Murthy, Tirtharaj Dash, Lovekesh Vig, Ashwin Srinivasan

139. "LungAI: A Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network for Automated Detection of COVID-19 from Posteroanterior Chest X-Rays." medRxiv 2020.12.19.20248530, 2020.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.19.20248530

     Aryan Gulati

140. "COVIDX: Computer-aided diagnosis of Covid-19 and its severity prediction with raw digital chest X-ray images." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.13605

     Wajid Arshad Abbasi, Syed Ali Abbas, Saiqa Andleeb

141. "COVID-19 Deterioration Prediction via Self-Supervised Representation Learning and Multi-Image Prediction." arXiv, 2020.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.04909

     Anuroop Sriram, Matthew Muckley, Koustuv Sinha, Farah Shamout, Joelle Pineau, Krzysztof J. Geras, Lea Azour, Yindalon Aphinyanaphongs, Nafissa Yakubova, William Moore

142. "Artificial Intelligence–assisted chest X-ray assessment scheme for COVID-19." European Radiology, 2021.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-07628-5

     Krithika Rangarajan, Sumanyu Muku, Amit Kumar Garg, Pavan Gabra, Sujay Halkur Shankar, Neeraj Nischal, Kapil Dev Soni, Ashu Seith Bhalla, Anant Mohan, Pawan Tiwari, Sushma Bhatnagar, Raghav Bansal, Atin Kumar, Shivanand Gamanagati, Richa Aggarwal, Upendra Baitha, Ashutosh Biswas, Arvind Kumar, Pankaj Jorwal, Shalimar, A. Shariff, Naveet Wig, Rajeshwari Subramanium, Anjan Trikha, Rajesh Malhotra, Randeep Guleria, Vinay Namboodiri, Subhashis Banerjee, Chetan Arora

143. "Hybrid quantum convolutional neural networks model for COVID-19 prediction using chest X-Ray images." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.06535

     Essam H. Houssein, Zainab Abohashima, Mohamed Elhoseny, Waleed M. Mohamed

144. "Deep learning models for COVID-19 chest x-ray classification: Preventing shortcut learning using feature disentanglement." medRxiv 2021.02.11.20196766, 2021.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.02.11.20196766

     Caleb Robinson, Anusua Trivedi, Marian Blazes, Anthony Ortiz, Jocelyn Desbiens, Sunil Gupta, Rahul Dodhia, Pavan K Bhatraju, W. Conrad Liles, Aaron Lee, Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer, Juan M Lavista Ferres

145. "Interpretable COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Classification via Orthogonality Constraint." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.08360

     Ella Y. Wang, Anirudh Som, Ankita Shukla, Hongjun Choi, Pavan Turaga

146. "Twin Augmented Architectures for Robust Classification of COVID-19 Chest X-Ray Images." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.07975

     Kartikeya Badola, Sameer Ambekar, Himanshu Pant, Sumit Soman, Anuradha Sural, Rajiv Narang, Suresh Chandra, Jayadeva

147. "Semi-supervised Learning for COVID-19 Image Classification via ResNet." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2103.06140

     Lucy Nwuso, Xiangfang Li, Lijun Qian, Seungchan Kim, Xishuang Dong

148. "Bias Analysis on Public X-Ray Image Datasets of Pneumonia and COVID-19 Patients." IEEE Access, 2021.
     doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3065456

     O. D. T. Catalá, I. S. Igual, F. J. Pérez-Benito, D. M. Escrivá, V. O. Castelló, R. Llobet, J. -C. {Peréz-Cortés}

149. "Explaining COVID-19 and Thoracic Pathology Model Predictions by Identifying Informative Input Features." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.00411

     Ashkan Khakzar, Yang Zhang, Wejdene Mansour, Yuezhi Cai, Yawei Li, Yucheng Zhang, Seong Tae Kim, Nassir Navab

150. "COVID-Net CXR-2: An Enhanced Deep Convolutional Neural Network Design for Detection of COVID-19 Cases from Chest X-ray Images." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.06640

     Maya Pavlova, Naomi Terhljan, Audrey G. Chung, Andy Zhao, Siddharth Surana, Hossein Aboutalebi, Hayden Gunraj, Ali Sabri, Amer Alaref, and Alexander Wong

151. "COVID-19 Lung Lesion Segmentation Using a Sparsely Supervised Mask R-CNN on Chest X-rays Automatically Computed from Volumetric CTs." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.08147

     Vignav Ramesh, Blaine Rister, Daniel L. Rubin

152. "Randomly Initialized Convolutional Neural Network for the Recognition of COVID-19 using X-ray Images." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.08199

     Safa Ben Atitallah, Maha Driss, Wadii Boulila, Henda Ben Ghézala

153. "UncertaintyFuseNet: Robust Uncertainty-aware Hierarchical Feature Fusion with Ensemble Monte Carlo Dropout for COVID-19 Detection." arXiv, 2021.
     arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.08590

     Moloud Abdar, Soorena Salari, Sina Qahremani, Hak-Keung Lam, Fakhri Karray, Sadiq Hussain, Abbas Khosravi, U. Rajendra Acharya, Saeid Nahavandi

Other imaging methods:

1. "Deep learning for classification and localization of COVID-19 markers in point-of-care lung ultrasound." in IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2020.2994459

   Subhankar Roy, Willi Menapace, Sebastiaan Oei, Ben Luijten, Enrico Fini, Cristiano Saltori, Iris Huijben, Nishith Chennakeshava, Federico Mento, Alessandro Sentelli, Emanuele Peschiera, Riccardo Trevisan, Giovanni Maschietto, Elena Torri, Riccardo Inchingolo, Andrea Smargiassi, Gino Soldati, Paolo Rota, Andrea Passerini, Ruud J.G. Van Sloun, Elisa Ricci, Libertario Demi

2. "Line Artefact Quantification in Lung Ultrasound Images of COVID-19 Patients via Non-Convex Regularisation." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.03080

   Oktay Karakuş, Nantheera Anantrasirichai, Amazigh Aguersif, Stein Silva, Adrian Basarab, Alin Achim

3. "Correlation Between Chest Computed Tomography And Lung Ultrasonography In Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)." medRxiv 2020.05.08.20095117, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.08.20095117

   Yale Tung Chen, Milagros Marti de Gracia, Aurea DiezTascon, Sergio Agudo-Fernandez, Rodrigo Alonso-Gonzalez, Pablo Rodriguez Fuertes, Luz Parra-Gordo, Silvia Ossaba-Velez, Rafael Llamas Fuentes

4. "Validating the correct wearing of protection mask by taking a selfie: design of a mobile application "CheckYourMask" to limit the spread of COVID-19." preprint, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.13881.39526

   Karim Hammoudi, Adnane Cabani, Halim Benhabiles, Mahmoud Melkemi

5. "Multifocal transient cortical brain lesions: a consistent MRI finding in neuro-COVID-19 patients." medRxiv 2020.05.19.20103168, 2020.
   doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.19.20103168

   Nicoletta Anzalone, Antonella Castellano, Roberta Scotti, Anna Mara Scandroglio, Massimo Filippi, Fabio Ciceri, Moreno Tresoldi, Andrea Falini

6. "MaskedFace-Net -- A Dataset of Correctly/Incorrectly Masked Face Images in the Context of COVID-19." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.08016
   dataset: https://github.com/cabani/MaskedFace-Net

   Adnane Cabani, Karim Hammoudi, Halim Benhabiles, Mahmoud Melkemi

7. "A New Screening Method for COVID-19 based on Ocular Feature Recognition by Machine Learning Tools." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.03184

   Yanwei Fu, Feng Li, Wenxuan Wang, Haicheng Tang, Xuelin Qian, Mengwei Gu, Xiangyang Xue

8. "Accelerating COVID-19 Differential Diagnosis with Explainable Ultrasound Image Analysis." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.06116

   Jannis Born, Nina Wiedemann, Gabriel Brändle, Charlotte Buhre, Bastian Rieck, Karsten Borgwardt

9. "Ultrasound Diagnosis of COVID-19: Robustness and Explainability." arXiv, 2020.
   arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.01145

   Jay Roberts, Theodoros Tsiligkaridis

10. "A hybrid deep transfer learning model with machine learning methods for face mask detection in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic." Measurement, Volume 167, 1 January 2021, 108288.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108288

    Mohamed Loey, Gunasekaran Manogaran, Mohamed Hamed N. Taha, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa

11. "A deep learning model and machine learning methods for the classification of potential coronavirus treatments on a single human cell." Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2020.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-020-05041-z

    Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa, Mohamed Hamed N. Taha, Gunasekaran Manogaran, Mohamed Loey

12. "Fighting against COVID-19: A novel deep learning model based on YOLO-v2 with ResNet-50 for medical face mask detection." Sustainable Cities and Society, 2021.
    doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102600

    Mohamed Loey, Gunasekaran Manogaran, Mohamed Hamed N. Taha, Nour Eldeen M. Khalifa