Subtype: some performance tuning. (#56007)

[charleskawczynski]

The main motivation of this PR is to fix #55807.
dc689fe tries to remove the slow may_contain_union_decision check by re-organizing the code path. Now the fast path has been removed and most of its optimization has been integrated into the preserved slow path.
Since the slow path stores all inner ∃ decisions on the outer most R stack, there might be overflow risk.
aee69a4 should fix that concern.

The reported MWE now becomes

  0.000002 seconds
  0.000040 seconds (105 allocations: 4.828 KiB, 52.00% compilation time)
  0.000023 seconds (105 allocations: 4.828 KiB, 49.36% compilation time)
  0.000026 seconds (105 allocations: 4.828 KiB, 50.38% compilation time)
  0.000027 seconds (105 allocations: 4.828 KiB, 54.95% compilation time)
  0.000019 seconds (106 allocations: 4.922 KiB, 49.73% compilation time)
  0.000024 seconds (105 allocations: 4.828 KiB, 52.24% compilation time)

Local bench also shows that 72855cd slightly accelerates OmniPackage.jl's loading

julia> @time using OmniPackage
 20.525278 seconds (25.36 M allocations: 1.606 GiB, 8.48% gc time, 12.89% compilation time: 77% of which was recompilation)
 19.527871 seconds (24.92 M allocations: 1.593 GiB, 8.88% gc time, 15.13% compilation time: 82% of which was recompilation)

[KristofferC]

It's best to cherry pick backports with the -x option to leave a reference to the original commit.

[charleskawczynski]

It's best to cherry pick backports with the -x option to leave a reference to the original commit.

Ah, ok, sorry, I can retry this.

[charleskawczynski]

Superseded by #56158.