Fix block registration from metadata

src/wp-includes/blocks.php

@@ -358,14 +358,14 @@ function register_block_type_from_metadata( $file_or_folder, $args = array() ) {
 		trailingslashit( $file_or_folder ) . 'block.json' :
 		$file_or_folder;
 
-	$is_core_block = str_starts_with( $file_or_folder, ABSPATH . WPINC );
-
-	if ( ! $is_core_block && ! file_exists( $metadata_file ) ) {
+	$is_core_block        = str_starts_with( $file_or_folder, ABSPATH . WPINC );
+	$metadata_file_exists = file_exists( $metadata_file );
+	if ( ! $is_core_block && ! $metadata_file_exists && empty( $args['name'] ) ) {
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	// Try to get metadata from the static cache for core blocks.
-	$metadata = false;
+	$metadata = array();
 	if ( $is_core_block ) {
 		$core_block_name = str_replace( ABSPATH . WPINC . '/blocks/', '', $file_or_folder );
 		if ( ! empty( $core_blocks_meta[ $core_block_name ] ) ) {
@@ -374,14 +374,14 @@ function register_block_type_from_metadata( $file_or_folder, $args = array() ) {
 	}
 
 	// If metadata is not found in the static cache, read it from the file.
-	if ( ! $metadata ) {
+	if ( $metadata_file_exists && empty( $metadata ) ) {
 		$metadata = wp_json_file_decode( $metadata_file, array( 'associative' => true ) );
 	}
 
-	if ( ! is_array( $metadata ) || empty( $metadata['name'] ) ) {
+	if ( ! is_array( $metadata ) || ( empty( $metadata['name'] ) && empty( $args['name'] ) ) ) {
 		return false;
 	}
-	$metadata['file'] = wp_normalize_path( realpath( $metadata_file ) );
+	$metadata['file'] = $metadata_file_exists ? wp_normalize_path( realpath( $metadata_file ) ) : null;
 
 	/**
 	 * Filters the metadata provided for registering a block type.
@@ -411,6 +411,7 @@ function register_block_type_from_metadata( $file_or_folder, $args = array() ) {
 	$settings          = array();
 	$property_mappings = array(
 		'apiVersion'      => 'api_version',
+		'name'            => 'name',
 		'title'           => 'title',
 		'category'        => 'category',
 		'parent'          => 'parent',
@@ -433,18 +434,49 @@ function register_block_type_from_metadata( $file_or_folder, $args = array() ) {
 	foreach ( $property_mappings as $key => $mapped_key ) {
 		if ( isset( $metadata[ $key ] ) ) {
 			$settings[ $mapped_key ] = $metadata[ $key ];
-			if ( $textdomain && isset( $i18n_schema->$key ) ) {
+			if ( $metadata_file_exists && $textdomain && isset( $i18n_schema->$key ) ) {
 				$settings[ $mapped_key ] = translate_settings_using_i18n_schema( $i18n_schema->$key, $settings[ $key ], $textdomain );
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
+	if ( ! empty( $metadata['render'] ) ) {
+		$template_path = $metadata_file_exists ? wp_normalize_path(
+			realpath(
+				dirname( $metadata['file'] ) . '/' .
+				remove_block_asset_path_prefix( $metadata['render'] )
+			)
+		) : '';
+		if ( $template_path ) {
+			/**
+			 * Renders the block on the server.
+			 *
+			 * @since 6.1.0
+			 *
+			 * @param array    $attributes Block attributes.
+			 * @param string   $content    Block default content.
+			 * @param WP_Block $block      Block instance.
+			 * @return string Returns the block content.
+			 */
+			$settings['render_callback'] = function( $attributes, $content, $block ) use ( $template_path ) { // phpcs:ignore VariableAnalysis.CodeAnalysis.VariableAnalysis.UnusedVariable
+				ob_start();
+				require $template_path;
+				return ob_get_clean();
+			};
+		}
+	}
+
+	$settings = array_merge( $settings, $args );
+
 	$script_fields = array(
 		'editorScript' => 'editor_script_handles',
 		'script'       => 'script_handles',
 		'viewScript'   => 'view_script_handles',
 	);
 	foreach ( $script_fields as $metadata_field_name => $settings_field_name ) {
+		if ( ! empty( $settings[ $metadata_field_name ] ) ) {
+			$metadata[ $metadata_field_name ] = $settings[ $metadata_field_name ];
+		}
 		if ( ! empty( $metadata[ $metadata_field_name ] ) ) {
 			$scripts           = $metadata[ $metadata_field_name ];
 			$processed_scripts = array();
@@ -477,6 +509,9 @@ function register_block_type_from_metadata( $file_or_folder, $args = array() ) {
 		'style'       => 'style_handles',
 	);
 	foreach ( $style_fields as $metadata_field_name => $settings_field_name ) {
+		if ( ! empty( $settings[ $metadata_field_name ] ) ) {
+			$metadata[ $metadata_field_name ] = $settings[ $metadata_field_name ];
+		}
 		if ( ! empty( $metadata[ $metadata_field_name ] ) ) {
 			$styles           = $metadata[ $metadata_field_name ];
 			$processed_styles = array();
@@ -539,15 +574,9 @@ function register_block_type_from_metadata( $file_or_folder, $args = array() ) {
 	 * @param array $settings Array of determined settings for registering a block type.
 	 * @param array $metadata Metadata provided for registering a block type.
 	 */
-	$settings = apply_filters(
-		'block_type_metadata_settings',
-		array_merge(
-			$settings,
-			$args
-		),
-		$metadata
-	);
+	$settings = apply_filters( 'block_type_metadata_settings', $settings, $metadata );
 
+	$metadata['name'] = ! empty( $settings['name'] ) ? $settings['name'] : $metadata['name'];
 	return WP_Block_Type_Registry::get_instance()->register(
 		$metadata['name'],
 		$settings

tests/phpunit/tests/blocks/register.php

@@ -569,6 +569,125 @@ public function test_metadata_not_found_in_the_current_directory() {
 		$this->assertFalse( $result );
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Tests registering a block using arguments instead of a block.json file.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 56865
+	 *
+	 * @covers ::register_block_type_from_metadata
+	 */
+	public function test_register_block_type_from_metadata_with_arguments() {
+		$result = register_block_type_from_metadata(
+			'',
+			array(
+				'api_version' => 2,
+				'name'        => 'tests/notice-from-array',
+				'title'       => 'Notice from array',
+				'category'    => 'common',
+				'icon'        => 'star',
+				'description' => 'Shows warning, error or success notices… (registered from an array)',
+				'keywords'    => array(
+					'alert',
+					'message',
+				),
+				'textdomain'  => 'notice-from-array',
+			)
+		);
+
+		$this->assertInstanceOf( 'WP_Block_Type', $result, 'The block was not registered' );
+		$this->assertSame( 2, $result->api_version, 'The API version is incorrect' );
+		$this->assertSame( 'tests/notice-from-array', $result->name, 'The block name is incorrect' );
+		$this->assertSame( 'Notice from array', $result->title, 'The block title is incorrect' );
+		$this->assertSame( 'common', $result->category, 'The block category is incorrect' );
+		$this->assertSame( 'star', $result->icon, 'The block icon is incorrect' );
+		$this->assertSame(
+			'Shows warning, error or success notices… (registered from an array)',
+			$result->description,
+			'The block description is incorrect'
+		);
+		$this->assertSameSets( array( 'alert', 'message' ), $result->keywords, 'The block keywords are incorrect' );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tests that defined $args can properly override the block.json file.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 56865
+	 *
+	 * @covers ::register_block_type_from_metadata
+	 */
+	public function test_block_registers_with_args_override() {
+		$result = register_block_type_from_metadata(
+			DIR_TESTDATA . '/blocks/notice',
+			array(
+				'name'  => 'tests/notice-with-overrides',
+				'title' => 'Overriden title',
+				'style' => array( 'tests-notice-style-overridden' ),
+			)
+		);
+
+		$this->assertInstanceOf( 'WP_Block_Type', $result, 'The block was not registered' );
+		$this->assertSame( 2, $result->api_version, 'The API version is incorrect' );
+		$this->assertSame( 'tests/notice-with-overrides', $result->name, 'The block name was not overridden' );
+		$this->assertSame( 'Overriden title', $result->title, 'The block title was not overridden' );
+		$this->assertSameSets(
+			array( 'tests-notice-editor-script' ),
+			$result->editor_script_handles,
+			'The block editor script is incorrect'
+		);
+		$this->assertSameSets(
+			array( 'tests-notice-style-overridden' ),
+			$result->style_handles,
+			'The block style was not overridden'
+		);
+		$this->assertIsCallable( $result->render_callback );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Tests that when the `name` is missing, `register_block_type_from_metadata`
+	 * will return `false`.
+	 *
+	 * @ticket 56865
+	 * @covers ::register_block_type_from_metadata
+	 *
+	 * @dataProvider data_register_block_registers_with_args_override_returns_false_when_name_is_missing
+	 *
+	 * @param string $file The metadata file.
+	 * @param array  $args Array of block type arguments.
+	 */
+	public function test_block_registers_with_args_override_returns_false_when_name_is_missing( $file, $args ) {
+		$this->assertFalse( register_block_type_from_metadata( $file, $args ) );
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Data provider.
+	 *
+	 * @return array[]
+	 */
+	public function data_register_block_registers_with_args_override_returns_false_when_name_is_missing() {
+		return array(
+			'no block.json file and no name argument' => array(
+				'file' => '', // No block.json file.
+				'args' => array(
+					'title' => 'Overriden title',
+					'style' => array( 'tests-notice-style-overridden' ),
+				),
+			),
+			'existing file and args not an array'     => array(
+				// A file that exists but is empty. This will bypass the file_exists() check.
+				'file' => DIR_TESTDATA . '/blocks/notice/block.js',
+				'args' => false,
+			),
+			'existing file and args[name] missing'    => array(
+				// A file that exists but is empty. This will bypass the file_exists() check.
+				'file' => DIR_TESTDATA . '/blocks/notice/block.js',
+				'args' => array(
+					'title' => 'Overriden title',
+					'style' => array( 'tests-notice-style-overridden' ),
+				),
+			),
+		);
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Tests that the function returns the registered block when the `block.json`
 	 * is found in the fixtures directory.