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ORC-1813: [C++] Fix has_null forward compatibility #2086

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close: #2079
relate pr: #2055
Introduce fallback logic in the C++ reader to set hasNull to true when the field is missing, similar to the Java implementation. The Java implementation includes the following logic:

if (stats.hasHasNull()) {
    hasNull = stats.getHasNull();
} else {
    hasNull = true;
}

In contrast, the C++ implementation directly uses the has_null value without any fallback logic:

ColumnStatisticsImpl::ColumnStatisticsImpl(const proto::ColumnStatistics& pb) {
    stats_.setNumberOfValues(pb.number_of_values());
    stats_.setHasNull(pb.has_null());
}

We encountered an issue with the C++ implementation of the ORC reader when handling ORC files written with version 0.12. Specifically, files written in this version do not include the hasNull field in the column statistics metadata. While the Java implementation of the ORC reader handles this gracefully by defaulting hasNull to true when the field is absent, the C++ implementation does not handle this scenario correctly. This issue prevents predicates like IS NULL from being pushed down to the ORC reader!!! As a result, all rows in the file are filtered out, leading to incorrect query results :( I have tested this using Doris external pipeline: apache/doris#45104
apache/doris-thirdparty#259 No

Closes #2082 from suxiaogang223/fix_has_null.

Authored-by: Socrates suxiaogang223@icloud.com

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Why are the changes needed?

How was this patch tested?

Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

close: apache#2079
relate pr: apache#2055
Introduce fallback logic in the C++ reader to set hasNull to true when the field is missing, similar to the Java implementation.
The Java implementation includes the following logic:
```java
if (stats.hasHasNull()) {
    hasNull = stats.getHasNull();
} else {
    hasNull = true;
}
```
In contrast, the C++ implementation directly uses the has_null value without any fallback logic:
```c++
ColumnStatisticsImpl::ColumnStatisticsImpl(const proto::ColumnStatistics& pb) {
    stats_.setNumberOfValues(pb.number_of_values());
    stats_.setHasNull(pb.has_null());
}
```
We encountered an issue with the C++ implementation of the ORC reader when handling ORC files written with version 0.12. Specifically, files written in this version do not include the hasNull field in the column statistics metadata. While the Java implementation of the ORC reader handles this gracefully by defaulting hasNull to true when the field is absent, the C++ implementation does not handle this scenario correctly.
**This issue prevents predicates like IS NULL from being pushed down to the ORC reader!!! As a result, all rows in the file are filtered out, leading to incorrect query results :(**
I have tested this using [Doris](https://github.com/apache/doris) external pipeline:
apache/doris#45104
apache/doris-thirdparty#259
No

Closes apache#2082 from suxiaogang223/fix_has_null.

Authored-by: Socrates <suxiaogang223@icloud.com>
Signed-off-by: Dongjoon Hyun <dongjoon@apache.org>
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