refactor: multipart response parsers

[calvincestari]

Closes #3118

• Introduced a new protocol for multipart response parsers
• Refactored the subscription parsing logic into MultipartResponseSubscriptionParser
• Refactored errors for the context of where they are raised from

[BobaFetters]

I think this looks good

[calvincestari]

Thanks for the review @BobaFetters but I think I'm going to put this PR into draft because I'm not happy with the way each multipart parser needs to implement errors and a full parser. I think those should be centralized and each spec parser should only be unique in the actual data format.

[calvincestari]

I've changed my mind and am going to merge this in because it sets up the framework for what I want to achieve. There is a note in #3146 with guidance on the desired improvement.