Add escape single quotes macro

[dbeatty10]

Copy of #573 that:

• verifies Check length of escaped strings in the adapter test dbt-core#6567 works as intended
• doesn't have CLA issue

Depending on the desires of the PR reviewer(s), we can either keep #573 or move to this one.

See the following PRs for context:

• Check length of escaped strings in the adapter test dbt-core#6567
• Add escape single quotes macro #586
• Validate dbt-core #6567 dbt-redshift#260
• Validate dbt-core #6567 dbt-bigquery#462
• Validate dbt-core #6567 dbt-snowflake#386

[dbeatty10]

The test failed as desired here when removing the bugfix (via bf4306f):

=========================== short test summary info ============================
FAILED tests/functional/adapter/utils/test_utils.py::TestEscapeSingleQuotes::test_build_assert_equal - AssertionError: dbt exit state did not match expected
======= 1 failed, 41 passed, 25 skipped, 6 warnings in 116.73s (0:01:56) =======

[dbeatty10]

Closing since it was only meant to validate that dbt-labs/dbt-core#6567 would have discovered the issue fixed by #573