Docker: Update Z3 and cvc5 versions in docker images

[blishko]

Flow of changes (updated from #13738)

1. Open a PR (PR1) like this one bumping the dockerfile versions and updating the z3 version where applicable.
2. When the new images are built, the bot will post the 4 new hashes here. In a different PR (PR2 is SMTChecker + CI: Update versions of solvers and test expectations #15558 here):
   • Update the docker hashes
   • Update the z3 version in .circleci/osx_install_dependencies.sh
   • Update the SMT tests
3. Merge PR2
4. Rebase PR1, merge PR1.
5. Done

[github-actions]

solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps:emscripten-19 [solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps@sha256:170b159c82ce70e639500551394460f01798c18a5e17b45ea91277b0cf8eae37].

[github-actions]

solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps:ubuntu2404.clang-3 [solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps@sha256:534c4eea1ba370a85cf3c106b4a30b43152ba4f695fab5e18577009a5e272146].

[github-actions]

solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps:ubuntu2404-2 [solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps@sha256:92efa8581887e5389b29d3a150112a8433a04ebf5fddf2c65ed6794b4cdf1fe3].

[github-actions]

solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps:ubuntu2004-26 [solbuildpackpusher/solidity-buildpack-deps@sha256:1f387a77be889f65a2a25986a5c5eccc88cec23fabe6aeaf351790751145c81e].