executor: check ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet when inserting rows into a partition table (#25484)

[ti-srebot]

cherry-pick #25484 to release-5.1
You can switch your code base to this Pull Request by using git-extras:

# In tidb repo:
git pr https://github.com/pingcap/tidb/pull/25498

After apply modifications, you can push your change to this PR via:

git push git@github.com:ti-srebot/tidb.git pr/25498:release-5.1-ed52601e6eb5

---

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #25253

Problem Summary: executor: check ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet when inserting rows into a partition table

What is changed and how it works?

executor: check ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet when inserting rows into a partition table

Check List

Tests

• Unit test

Release note

• executor: check ErrRowDoesNotMatchGivenPartitionSet when inserting rows into a partition table

[ti-srebot]

/run-all-tests

[ti-srebot]

@qw4990 you're already a collaborator in bot's repo.

[ti-chi-bot]

[REVIEW NOTIFICATION]

This pull request has been approved by:

• rebelice
• zhuo-zhi

To complete the pull request process, please ask the reviewers in the list to review by filling /cc @reviewer in the comment.
After your PR has acquired the required number of LGTMs, you can assign this pull request to the committer in the list by filling /assign @committer in the comment to help you merge this pull request.

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[ti-chi-bot]

[REVIEW NOTIFICATION]

This pull request has been approved by:

• rebelice
• zhuo-zhi

To complete the pull request process, please ask the reviewers in the list to review by filling /cc @reviewer in the comment.
After your PR has acquired the required number of LGTMs, you can assign this pull request to the committer in the list by filling /assign @committer in the comment to help you merge this pull request.

The full list of commands accepted by this bot can be found here.

Reviewer can indicate their review by submitting an approval review.
Reviewer can cancel approval by submitting a request changes review.

[zhouqiang-cl]

/merge

[ti-chi-bot]

This pull request has been accepted and is ready to merge.

Commit hash: f9f36d8

[purelind]

/run-tics-test

[zhouqiang-cl]

/run-check_dev

[time-and-fate]

/run-check_dev

[ti-chi-bot]

@ti-srebot: Your PR was out of date, I have automatically updated it for you.

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/run-all-tests

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