disttask/ddl: fail task for panic (#48135)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #48135

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #48136

Problem Summary:
When operators for add index met some internal panic(possible when code have bugs or data corrupt), they will recover from panics since operators are running on workerpool.
Then the panics won't pass to the dist framework, then framework will mark subtasks which encountered panics as succeed.

What is changed and how it works?

Add recover for each operators of add index, cancel the pipeline when met panic.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No need to test

  • I checked and no code files have been changed.

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[ti-chi-bot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: tangenta, ywqzzy

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2023-11-01 05:52:11.215047507 +0000 UTC m=+3018728.802157652: ☑️ agreed by ywqzzy.
• 2023-11-01 06:04:16.971146767 +0000 UTC m=+3019454.558256896: ☑️ agreed by tangenta.