[Backport maintenance/3.3.x] Extend catching of ValueError to 3.12.5+

[pylint-backport]

Backport 19f7a5e from #10610.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 95.85%. Comparing base (1ef673b) to head (d2819f5).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on maintenance/3.3.x.

Additional details and impacted files

@@                Coverage Diff                 @@
##           maintenance/3.3.x   #10611   +/-   ##
==================================================
  Coverage              95.84%   95.85%           
==================================================
  Files                    174      174           
  Lines                  19029    19029           
==================================================
+ Hits                   18239    18240    +1     
+ Misses                   790      789    -1     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
pylint/__init__.py	97.05% <100.00%> (+2.94%)	⬆️

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