Rollup of 5 pull requests

src/doc/trpl/installing-rust.md

@@ -6,14 +6,14 @@ Linux or a Mac, all you need to do is this (note that you don't need to type
 in the `$`s, they just indicate the start of each command):
 
 ```bash
-$ curl -L https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup.sh | sudo sh
+$ curl -sf -L https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup.sh | sudo sh
 ```
 
 If you're concerned about the [potential insecurity](http://curlpipesh.tumblr.com/) of using `curl | sudo sh`,
 please keep reading and see our disclaimer below. And feel free to use a two-step version of the installation and examine our installation script:
 
 ```bash
-$ curl -L https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup.sh -O
+$ curl -f -L https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup.sh -O
 $ sudo sh rustup.sh
 ```
 

src/doc/trpl/method-syntax.md

@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@ You can think of this first parameter as being the `x` in `x.foo()`. The three
 variants correspond to the three kinds of thing `x` could be: `self` if it's
 just a value on the stack, `&self` if it's a reference, and `&mut self` if it's
 a mutable reference. We should default to using `&self`, as it's the most
-common. Here's an example of all three variants:
+common, as Rustaceans prefer borrowing over taking ownership, and references 
+over mutable references. Here's an example of all three variants:
 
 ```rust
 struct Circle {
@@ -100,16 +101,16 @@ impl Circle {
         std::f64::consts::PI * (self.radius * self.radius)
     }
 
-    fn grow(&self) -> Circle {
-        Circle { x: self.x, y: self.y, radius: (self.radius * 10.0) }
+    fn grow(&self, increment: f64) -> Circle {
+        Circle { x: self.x, y: self.y, radius: self.radius + increment }
     }
 }
 
 fn main() {
     let c = Circle { x: 0.0, y: 0.0, radius: 2.0 };
     println!("{}", c.area());
 
-    let d = c.grow().area();
+    let d = c.grow(2.0).area();
     println!("{}", d);
 }
 ```
@@ -124,7 +125,7 @@ fn grow(&self) -> Circle {
 ```
 
 We just say we're returning a `Circle`. With this method, we can grow a new
-circle with an area that's 100 times larger than the old one.
+circle to any arbitrary size.
 
 ## Static methods
 

src/liballoc/arc.rs

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ use core::prelude::*;
 use core::atomic;
 use core::atomic::Ordering::{Relaxed, Release, Acquire, SeqCst};
 use core::fmt;
-use core::cmp::{Ordering};
+use core::cmp::Ordering;
 use core::default::Default;
 use core::mem::{min_align_of, size_of};
 use core::mem;

src/libcollections/btree/map.rs

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ use core::default::Default;
 use core::fmt::Debug;
 use core::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
 use core::iter::{Map, FromIterator, IntoIterator};
-use core::ops::{Index};
+use core::ops::Index;
 use core::{iter, fmt, mem, usize};
 use Bound::{self, Included, Excluded, Unbounded};
 

src/libcollections/vec.rs

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ use core::prelude::*;
 use alloc::boxed::Box;
 use alloc::heap::{EMPTY, allocate, reallocate, deallocate};
 use core::cmp::max;
-use core::cmp::{Ordering};
+use core::cmp::Ordering;
 use core::default::Default;
 use core::fmt;
 use core::hash::{self, Hash};

src/libcore/error.rs

@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ use fmt::{Debug, Display};
 
 /// Base functionality for all errors in Rust.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-pub trait Error: Debug + Display + Send {
+pub trait Error: Debug + Display {
     /// A short description of the error.
     ///
     /// The description should not contain newlines or sentence-ending

src/libcore/option.rs

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ use self::Option::*;
 use clone::Clone;
 use cmp::{Eq, Ord};
 use default::Default;
-use iter::{ExactSizeIterator};
+use iter::ExactSizeIterator;
 use iter::{Iterator, IteratorExt, DoubleEndedIterator, FromIterator, IntoIterator};
 use mem;
 use ops::FnOnce;

src/librand/distributions/range.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 // this is surprisingly complicated to be both generic & correct
 
-use core::prelude::{PartialOrd};
+use core::prelude::PartialOrd;
 use core::num::Int;
 use core::num::wrapping::WrappingOps;
 

src/librustc/metadata/encoder.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use metadata::cstore;
 use metadata::decoder;
 use metadata::tyencode;
 use middle::def;
-use middle::ty::{lookup_item_type};
+use middle::ty::lookup_item_type;
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use middle::stability;
 use util::nodemap::{FnvHashMap, NodeMap, NodeSet};

src/librustc/metadata/loader.rs

@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
 //! no means all of the necessary details. Take a look at the rest of
 //! metadata::loader or metadata::creader for all the juicy details!
 
-use back::archive::{METADATA_FILENAME};
+use back::archive::METADATA_FILENAME;
 use back::svh::Svh;
 use session::Session;
 use session::search_paths::PathKind;

src/librustc/middle/astencode.rs

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ use rbml::writer::Encoder;
 use rbml;
 use serialize;
 use serialize::{Decodable, Decoder, DecoderHelpers, Encodable};
-use serialize::{EncoderHelpers};
+use serialize::EncoderHelpers;
 
 #[cfg(test)] use std::io::Cursor;
 #[cfg(test)] use syntax::parse;

src/librustc/middle/check_match.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use middle::const_eval::{const_expr_to_pat, lookup_const_by_id};
 use middle::def::*;
 use middle::expr_use_visitor::{ConsumeMode, Delegate, ExprUseVisitor, Init};
 use middle::expr_use_visitor::{JustWrite, LoanCause, MutateMode};
-use middle::expr_use_visitor::{WriteAndRead};
+use middle::expr_use_visitor::WriteAndRead;
 use middle::expr_use_visitor as euv;
 use middle::mem_categorization::cmt;
 use middle::pat_util::*;

src/librustc/middle/infer/bivariate.rs

@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@
 //! In particular, it might be enough to say (A,B) are bivariant for
 //! all (A,B).
 
-use middle::ty::{BuiltinBounds};
+use middle::ty::BuiltinBounds;
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use middle::ty::TyVar;
 use middle::infer::combine::*;
-use middle::infer::{cres};
-use middle::infer::type_variable::{BiTo};
-use util::ppaux::{Repr};
+use middle::infer::cres;
+use middle::infer::type_variable::BiTo;
+use util::ppaux::Repr;
 
 pub struct Bivariate<'f, 'tcx: 'f> {
     fields: CombineFields<'f, 'tcx>

src/librustc/middle/infer/combine.rs

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ use middle::subst;
 use middle::subst::{ErasedRegions, NonerasedRegions, Substs};
 use middle::ty::{FloatVar, FnSig, IntVar, TyVar};
 use middle::ty::{IntType, UintType};
-use middle::ty::{BuiltinBounds};
+use middle::ty::BuiltinBounds;
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use middle::ty_fold;
 use middle::ty_fold::{TypeFolder, TypeFoldable};

src/librustc/middle/infer/equate.rs

@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use middle::ty::TyVar;
 use middle::infer::combine::*;
-use middle::infer::{cres};
-use middle::infer::{Subtype};
-use middle::infer::type_variable::{EqTo};
-use util::ppaux::{Repr};
+use middle::infer::cres;
+use middle::infer::Subtype;
+use middle::infer::type_variable::EqTo;
+use util::ppaux::Repr;
 
 pub struct Equate<'f, 'tcx: 'f> {
     fields: CombineFields<'f, 'tcx>

src/librustc/middle/infer/glb.rs

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 use super::combine::*;
 use super::lattice::*;
 use super::higher_ranked::HigherRankedRelations;
-use super::{cres};
+use super::cres;
 use super::Subtype;
 
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};

src/librustc/middle/infer/lattice.rs

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ use super::combine::*;
 use super::glb::Glb;
 use super::lub::Lub;
 
-use middle::ty::{TyVar};
+use middle::ty::TyVar;
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use util::ppaux::Repr;
 

src/librustc/middle/infer/lub.rs

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
 use super::combine::*;
 use super::higher_ranked::HigherRankedRelations;
 use super::lattice::*;
-use super::{cres};
-use super::{Subtype};
+use super::cres;
+use super::Subtype;
 
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use util::ppaux::Repr;

src/librustc/middle/infer/mod.rs

@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@ use middle::ty::{TyVid, IntVid, FloatVid, RegionVid, UnconstrainedNumeric};
 use middle::ty::replace_late_bound_regions;
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use middle::ty_fold::{TypeFolder, TypeFoldable};
-use std::cell::{RefCell};
+use std::cell::RefCell;
 use std::fmt;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use syntax::ast;
 use syntax::codemap;
 use syntax::codemap::Span;
 use util::nodemap::FnvHashMap;
-use util::ppaux::{ty_to_string};
+use util::ppaux::ty_to_string;
 use util::ppaux::{Repr, UserString};
 
 use self::combine::{Combine, Combineable, CombineFields};

src/librustc/middle/infer/sub.rs

@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@
 // except according to those terms.
 
 use super::combine::*;
-use super::{cres};
+use super::cres;
 use super::higher_ranked::HigherRankedRelations;
-use super::{Subtype};
+use super::Subtype;
 use super::type_variable::{SubtypeOf, SupertypeOf};
 
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
 use middle::ty::TyVar;
-use util::ppaux::{Repr};
+use util::ppaux::Repr;
 
 /// "Greatest lower bound" (common subtype)
 pub struct Sub<'f, 'tcx: 'f> {

src/librustc/middle/mem_categorization.rs

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ use middle::check_const;
 use middle::def;
 use middle::region;
 use middle::ty::{self, Ty};
-use util::nodemap::{NodeMap};
+use util::nodemap::NodeMap;
 use util::ppaux::{Repr, UserString};
 
 use syntax::ast::{MutImmutable, MutMutable};

src/librustc/middle/pat_util.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ use middle::ty;
 use util::nodemap::FnvHashMap;
 
 use syntax::ast;
-use syntax::ast_util::{walk_pat};
+use syntax::ast_util::walk_pat;
 use syntax::codemap::{Span, DUMMY_SP};
 
 pub type PatIdMap = FnvHashMap<ast::Ident, ast::NodeId>;

src/librustc/middle/region.rs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ use std::cell::RefCell;
 use syntax::codemap::{self, Span};
 use syntax::{ast, visit};
 use syntax::ast::{Block, Item, FnDecl, NodeId, Arm, Pat, Stmt, Expr, Local};
-use syntax::ast_util::{stmt_id};
+use syntax::ast_util::stmt_id;
 use syntax::ast_map;
 use syntax::ptr::P;
 use syntax::visit::{Visitor, FnKind};

src/librustc/middle/resolve_lifetime.rs

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ use syntax::ast;
 use syntax::codemap::Span;
 use syntax::parse::token::special_idents;
 use syntax::parse::token;
-use syntax::print::pprust::{lifetime_to_string};
+use syntax::print::pprust::lifetime_to_string;
 use syntax::visit;
 use syntax::visit::Visitor;
 use util::nodemap::NodeMap;

src/librustc/middle/traits/coherence.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 use super::Normalized;
 use super::SelectionContext;
-use super::{ObligationCause};
+use super::ObligationCause;
 use super::PredicateObligation;
 use super::project;
 use super::util;

src/librustc/middle/traits/fulfill.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
 // except according to those terms.
 
-use middle::infer::{InferCtxt};
+use middle::infer::InferCtxt;
 use middle::ty::{self, RegionEscape, Ty};
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 use std::default::Default;

src/librustc/middle/traits/select.rs

@@ -21,16 +21,16 @@ use super::DerivedObligationCause;
 use super::project;
 use super::project::{normalize_with_depth, Normalized};
 use super::{PredicateObligation, TraitObligation, ObligationCause};
-use super::{report_overflow_error};
+use super::report_overflow_error;
 use super::{ObligationCauseCode, BuiltinDerivedObligation, ImplDerivedObligation};
 use super::{SelectionError, Unimplemented, OutputTypeParameterMismatch};
-use super::{Selection};
-use super::{SelectionResult};
+use super::Selection;
+use super::SelectionResult;
 use super::{VtableBuiltin, VtableImpl, VtableParam, VtableClosure,
             VtableFnPointer, VtableObject, VtableDefaultImpl};
 use super::{VtableImplData, VtableObjectData, VtableBuiltinData, VtableDefaultImplData};
 use super::object_safety;
-use super::{util};
+use super::util;
 
 use middle::fast_reject;
 use middle::subst::{Subst, Substs, TypeSpace, VecPerParamSpace};

src/librustc/middle/ty.rs

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ use util::ppaux::ty_to_string;
 use util::ppaux::{Repr, UserString};
 use util::common::{memoized, ErrorReported};
 use util::nodemap::{NodeMap, NodeSet, DefIdMap, DefIdSet};
-use util::nodemap::{FnvHashMap};
+use util::nodemap::FnvHashMap;
 
 use arena::TypedArena;
 use std::borrow::{Borrow, Cow};

src/librustc/plugin/registry.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use session::Session;
 
 use syntax::ext::base::{SyntaxExtension, NamedSyntaxExtension, NormalTT};
 use syntax::ext::base::{IdentTT, Decorator, Modifier, MultiModifier, MacroRulesTT};
-use syntax::ext::base::{MacroExpanderFn};
+use syntax::ext::base::MacroExpanderFn;
 use syntax::codemap::Span;
 use syntax::parse::token;
 use syntax::ptr::P;

src/librustc/util/nodemap.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 #![allow(non_snake_case)]
 
-use std::collections::hash_state::{DefaultState};
+use std::collections::hash_state::DefaultState;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::default::Default;
 use std::hash::{Hasher, Hash};

src/librustc/util/ppaux.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use middle::ty::{mt, Ty, ParamTy};
 use middle::ty::{ty_bool, ty_char, ty_struct, ty_enum};
 use middle::ty::{ty_err, ty_str, ty_vec, ty_float, ty_bare_fn};
 use middle::ty::{ty_param, ty_ptr, ty_rptr, ty_tup};
-use middle::ty::{ty_closure};
+use middle::ty::ty_closure;
 use middle::ty::{ty_uniq, ty_trait, ty_int, ty_uint, ty_infer};
 use middle::ty;
 use middle::ty_fold::TypeFoldable;

src/librustc_borrowck/borrowck/fragments.rs

@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 use self::Fragment::*;
 
 use borrowck::InteriorKind::{InteriorField, InteriorElement};
-use borrowck::{LoanPath};
+use borrowck::LoanPath;
 use borrowck::LoanPathKind::{LpVar, LpUpvar, LpDowncast, LpExtend};
 use borrowck::LoanPathElem::{LpDeref, LpInterior};
-use borrowck::move_data::{InvalidMovePathIndex};
+use borrowck::move_data::InvalidMovePathIndex;
 use borrowck::move_data::{MoveData, MovePathIndex};
 use rustc::middle::ty;
 use rustc::middle::mem_categorization as mc;

src/librustc_borrowck/borrowck/gather_loans/mod.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use rustc::middle::expr_use_visitor as euv;
 use rustc::middle::mem_categorization as mc;
 use rustc::middle::region;
 use rustc::middle::ty;
-use rustc::util::ppaux::{Repr};
+use rustc::util::ppaux::Repr;
 use syntax::ast;
 use syntax::codemap::Span;
 use syntax::visit;

src/librustc_borrowck/graphviz.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use rustc::middle::cfg::graphviz as cfg_dot;
 use borrowck;
 use borrowck::{BorrowckCtxt, LoanPath};
 use dot;
-use rustc::middle::cfg::{CFGIndex};
+use rustc::middle::cfg::CFGIndex;
 use rustc::middle::dataflow::{DataFlowOperator, DataFlowContext, EntryOrExit};
 use rustc::middle::dataflow;
 use std::rc::Rc;