Added more metadata to Series tracing; Improved tracing docs, tests; …

…Added example. (#4619)

* Added more metadata to Series tracing; Improved tracing docs, tests; Added example.

Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Plotka <bwplotka@gmail.com>

* Update docs/tracing.md

Co-authored-by: Giedrius Statkevičius <giedriuswork@gmail.com>

* Update docs/tracing.md

Co-authored-by: Prem Kumar <prmsrswt@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: Giedrius Statkevičius <giedriuswork@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Prem Kumar <prmsrswt@gmail.com>

docs/tracing.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ You can either pass YAML file defined below in `--tracing.config-file` or pass t
 
 Don't be afraid of multiline flags!
 
-In Kubernetes it is as easy as (on Thanos sidecar example):
+In Kubernetes it is as easy as (using Thanos sidecar example):
 
 ```yaml
       - args:
@@ -38,9 +38,37 @@ In Kubernetes it is as easy as (on Thanos sidecar example):
 
 At that point, anyone can use your provider by spec.
 
+See [this issue](https://github.com/thanos-io/thanos/issues/1972) to check our progress on moving to OpenTelemetry Go client library.
+
+## Usage
+
+Once tracing is enabled and sampling per backend is configured, Thanos will generate traces for all gRPC and HTTP APIs thanks to generic "middlewares". Some more interesting to observe APIs like `query` or `query_range` have more low-level spans with focused metadata showing latency for important functionalities. For example, Jaeger view of HTTP query_range API call might look as follows:
+
+![view](img/tracing2.png)
+
+As you can see it contains both HTTP request and spans around gRPC request, since [Querier](components/query.md) calls gRPC services to get fetch series data.
+
+Each Thanos component generates spans related to its work and sends them to central place e.g Jaeger or OpenTelemetry collector. Such place is then responsible to tie all spans to a single trace, showing a request execution path.
+
+### Obtaining Trace ID
+
+Single trace is tied to a single, unique request to the system and is composed of many spans from different components. Trace is identifiable using `Trace ID`, which is a unique hash e.g `131da78f02aa3525`. This information can be also referred as `request id` and `operation id` in other systems. In order to use trace data you want to find trace IDs that explains the requests you are interested in e.g request with interesting error, or longer latency, or just debug call you just made.
+
+When using tracing with Thanos, you can obtain trace ID in multiple ways:
+
+* Search by labels/attributes/tags/time/component/latency e.g. using Jaeger indexing.
+* [Exemplars](https://www.bwplotka.dev/2021/correlations-exemplars/)
+* If request was sampled, response will have `X-Thanos-Trace-Id` response header with trace ID of this request as value.
+
+![view](img/tracing.png)
+
+### Forcing Sampling
+
+Every request against any Thanos component's API with header `X-Thanos-Force-Tracing` will be sampled if tracing backend was configured.
+
 ## Configuration
 
-Current tracing supported backends:
+Currently supported tracing backends:
 
 ### Jaeger
 

examples/interactive/interactive_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/thanos-io/thanos/pkg/objstore/client"
 	"github.com/thanos-io/thanos/pkg/objstore/s3"
 	"github.com/thanos-io/thanos/pkg/testutil"
+	tracingclient "github.com/thanos-io/thanos/pkg/tracing/client"
+	"github.com/thanos-io/thanos/pkg/tracing/jaeger"
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
 )
 
@@ -84,7 +86,8 @@ func createData() (perr error) {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// Test args: -test.timeout 9999m
+// TestReadOnlyThanosSetup runs read only Thanos setup that has data from `maxTimeFresh - 2w` to `maxTimeOld`, with extra monitoring and tracing for full playground experience.
+// Run with test args `-test.timeout 9999m`.
 func TestReadOnlyThanosSetup(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Skip("This is interactive test - it will until you will kill it or curl 'finish' endpoint. Uncomment and run as normal test to use it!")
 
@@ -121,6 +124,21 @@ func TestReadOnlyThanosSetup(t *testing.T) {
 	testutil.Ok(t, exec("cp", "-r", store1Data+"/.", filepath.Join(m1.Dir(), "bkt1")))
 	testutil.Ok(t, exec("cp", "-r", store2Data+"/.", filepath.Join(m1.Dir(), "bkt2")))
 
+	// Setup Jaeger.
+	j := e.Runnable("tracing").WithPorts(map[string]int{"http-front": 16686, "jaeger.thrift": 14268}).Init(e2e.StartOptions{Image: "jaegertracing/all-in-one:1.25"})
+	testutil.Ok(t, e2e.StartAndWaitReady(j))
+
+	jaegerConfig, err := yaml.Marshal(tracingclient.TracingConfig{
+		Type: tracingclient.JAEGER,
+		Config: jaeger.Config{
+			ServiceName:  "thanos",
+			SamplerType:  "const",
+			SamplerParam: 1,
+			Endpoint:     "http://" + j.InternalEndpoint("jaeger.thrift") + "/api/traces",
+		},
+	})
+	testutil.Ok(t, err)
+
 	// Create two store gateways, one for each bucket (access point to long term storage).
 	//	                    ┌───────────┐
 	//	                    │           │
@@ -144,7 +162,13 @@ func TestReadOnlyThanosSetup(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 	testutil.Ok(t, err)
-	store1 := e2edb.NewThanosStore(e, "store1", bkt1Config, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"))
+	store1 := e2edb.NewThanosStore(
+		e,
+		"store1",
+		bkt1Config,
+		e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"),
+		e2edb.WithFlagOverride(map[string]string{"--tracing.config": string(jaegerConfig)}),
+	)
 
 	bkt2Config, err := yaml.Marshal(client.BucketConfig{
 		Type: client.S3,
@@ -157,7 +181,14 @@ func TestReadOnlyThanosSetup(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	})
 	testutil.Ok(t, err)
-	store2 := e2edb.NewThanosStore(e, "store2", bkt2Config, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"))
+
+	store2 := e2edb.NewThanosStore(
+		e,
+		"store2",
+		bkt2Config,
+		e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"),
+		e2edb.WithFlagOverride(map[string]string{"--tracing.config": string(jaegerConfig)}),
+	)
 
 	// Create two Prometheus replicas in HA, and one separate one (short term storage + scraping).
 	// Add a Thanos sidecar.
@@ -189,8 +220,8 @@ func TestReadOnlyThanosSetup(t *testing.T) {
 	promHA1 := e2edb.NewPrometheus(e, "prom-ha1")
 	prom2 := e2edb.NewPrometheus(e, "prom2")
 
-	sidecarHA0 := e2edb.NewThanosSidecar(e, "sidecar-prom-ha0", promHA0, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"))
-	sidecarHA1 := e2edb.NewThanosSidecar(e, "sidecar-prom-ha1", promHA1, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"))
+	sidecarHA0 := e2edb.NewThanosSidecar(e, "sidecar-prom-ha0", promHA0, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"), e2edb.WithFlagOverride(map[string]string{"--tracing.config": string(jaegerConfig)}))
+	sidecarHA1 := e2edb.NewThanosSidecar(e, "sidecar-prom-ha1", promHA1, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"), e2edb.WithFlagOverride(map[string]string{"--tracing.config": string(jaegerConfig)}))
 	sidecar2 := e2edb.NewThanosSidecar(e, "sidecar2", prom2, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"))
 
 	testutil.Ok(t, exec("cp", "-r", prom1Data+"/.", promHA0.Dir()))
@@ -273,7 +304,9 @@ global:
 			sidecarHA0.InternalEndpoint("grpc"),
 			sidecarHA1.InternalEndpoint("grpc"),
 			sidecar2.InternalEndpoint("grpc"),
-		}, e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"),
+		},
+		e2edb.WithImage("thanos:latest"),
+		e2edb.WithFlagOverride(map[string]string{"--tracing.config": string(jaegerConfig)}),
 	)
 	testutil.Ok(t, e2e.StartAndWaitReady(query1))
 
@@ -285,6 +318,9 @@ global:
 	testutil.Ok(t, e2einteractive.OpenInBrowser(fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/%s", query1.Endpoint("http"), path)))
 	testutil.Ok(t, e2einteractive.OpenInBrowser(fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/%s", prom2.Endpoint("http"), path)))
 
+	// Tracing endpoint.
+	testutil.Ok(t, e2einteractive.OpenInBrowser("http://"+j.Endpoint("http-front")))
+	// Monitoring Endpoint.
 	testutil.Ok(t, m.OpenUserInterfaceInBrowser())
 	testutil.Ok(t, e2einteractive.RunUntilEndpointHit())
 }

go.mod

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/chromedp/chromedp v0.5.3
 	github.com/cortexproject/cortex v1.10.1-0.20210820081236-70dddb6b70b8
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1
-	github.com/efficientgo/e2e v0.9.0
+	github.com/efficientgo/e2e v0.11.1-0.20210829161758-f4cc6dbdc6ea
 	github.com/efficientgo/tools/extkingpin v0.0.0-20210609125236-d73259166f20
 	github.com/facette/natsort v0.0.0-20181210072756-2cd4dd1e2dcb
 	github.com/fatih/structtag v1.1.0
@@ -87,9 +87,6 @@ replace (
 	// Using a 3rd-party branch for custom dialer - see https://github.com/bradfitz/gomemcache/pull/86.
 	// Required by Cortex https://github.com/cortexproject/cortex/pull/3051.
 	github.com/bradfitz/gomemcache => github.com/themihai/gomemcache v0.0.0-20180902122335-24332e2d58ab
-
-	// TODO(bwplotka): Remove when dev finishes.
-	github.com/efficientgo/e2e => github.com/efficientgo/e2e v0.10.0
 	github.com/efficientgo/tools/core => github.com/efficientgo/tools/core v0.0.0-20210731122119-5d4a0645ce9a
 	// Update to v1.1.1 to make sure windows CI pass.
 	github.com/elastic/go-sysinfo => github.com/elastic/go-sysinfo v1.1.1

go.sum

@@ -329,6 +329,7 @@ github.com/containerd/cgroups v0.0.0-20200531161412-0dbf7f05ba59/go.mod h1:pA0z1
 github.com/containerd/cgroups v0.0.0-20200710171044-318312a37340/go.mod h1:s5q4SojHctfxANBDvMeIaIovkq29IP48TKAxnhYRxvo=
 github.com/containerd/cgroups v0.0.0-20200824123100-0b889c03f102/go.mod h1:s5q4SojHctfxANBDvMeIaIovkq29IP48TKAxnhYRxvo=
 github.com/containerd/cgroups v0.0.0-20210114181951-8a68de567b68/go.mod h1:ZJeTFisyysqgcCdecO57Dj79RfL0LNeGiFUqLYQRYLE=
+github.com/containerd/cgroups v1.0.1 h1:iJnMvco9XGvKUvNQkv88bE4uJXxRQH18efbKo9w5vHQ=
 github.com/containerd/cgroups v1.0.1/go.mod h1:0SJrPIenamHDcZhEcJMNBB85rHcUsw4f25ZfBiPYRkU=
 github.com/containerd/console v0.0.0-20180822173158-c12b1e7919c1/go.mod h1:Tj/on1eG8kiEhd0+fhSDzsPAFESxzBBvdyEgyryXffw=
 github.com/containerd/console v0.0.0-20181022165439-0650fd9eeb50/go.mod h1:Tj/on1eG8kiEhd0+fhSDzsPAFESxzBBvdyEgyryXffw=
@@ -513,8 +514,8 @@ github.com/eclipse/paho.mqtt.golang v1.2.0/go.mod h1:H9keYFcgq3Qr5OUJm/JZI/i6U7j
 github.com/edsrzf/mmap-go v0.0.0-20170320065105-0bce6a688712/go.mod h1:YO35OhQPt3KJa3ryjFM5Bs14WD66h8eGKpfaBNrHW5M=
 github.com/edsrzf/mmap-go v1.0.0 h1:CEBF7HpRnUCSJgGUb5h1Gm7e3VkmVDrR8lvWVLtrOFw=
 github.com/edsrzf/mmap-go v1.0.0/go.mod h1:YO35OhQPt3KJa3ryjFM5Bs14WD66h8eGKpfaBNrHW5M=
-github.com/efficientgo/e2e v0.10.0 h1:QFgE7W06nYLmASJ4HKUXanHCkKhmz0sIu5ym4zv0Ibs=
-github.com/efficientgo/e2e v0.10.0/go.mod h1:5Z90zeIm2FTFD0xmhNn+vXGlOnFiizmnOMZjtLAFIUw=
+github.com/efficientgo/e2e v0.11.1-0.20210829161758-f4cc6dbdc6ea h1:PFKVWZOnEfthNTcdpiz0wGzmikPOINnbRYEo4MneloE=
+github.com/efficientgo/e2e v0.11.1-0.20210829161758-f4cc6dbdc6ea/go.mod h1:vDnF4AAEZmO0mvyFIATeDJPFaSRM7ywaOnKd61zaSoE=
 github.com/efficientgo/tools/core v0.0.0-20210731122119-5d4a0645ce9a h1:Az9zRvQubUIHE+tHAm0gG7Dwge08V8Q/9uNSIFjFm+A=
 github.com/efficientgo/tools/core v0.0.0-20210731122119-5d4a0645ce9a/go.mod h1:OmVcnJopJL8d3X3sSXTiypGoUSgFq1aDGmlrdi9dn/M=
 github.com/efficientgo/tools/extkingpin v0.0.0-20210609125236-d73259166f20 h1:kM/ALyvAnTrwSB+nlKqoKaDnZbInp1YImZvW+gtHwc8=
@@ -738,8 +739,10 @@ github.com/gocql/gocql v0.0.0-20200526081602-cd04bd7f22a7/go.mod h1:DL0ekTmBSTdl
 github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20151105175453-c7fdd8b5cd55/go.mod h1:/YcGZj5zSblfDWMMoOzV4fas9FZnQYTkDnsGvmh2Grw=
 github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20180201030542-885f9cc04c9c/go.mod h1:/YcGZj5zSblfDWMMoOzV4fas9FZnQYTkDnsGvmh2Grw=
 github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20190402143921-271e53dc4968/go.mod h1:/YcGZj5zSblfDWMMoOzV4fas9FZnQYTkDnsGvmh2Grw=
+github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20190422162347-ade71ed3457e h1:BWhy2j3IXJhjCbC68FptL43tDKIq8FladmaTs3Xs7Z8=
 github.com/godbus/dbus v0.0.0-20190422162347-ade71ed3457e/go.mod h1:bBOAhwG1umN6/6ZUMtDFBMQR8jRg9O75tm9K00oMsK4=
 github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.3/go.mod h1:xhWf0FNVPg57R7Z0UbKHbJfkEywrmjJnf7w5xrFpKfA=
+github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.4 h1:9349emZab16e7zQvpmsbtjc18ykshndd8y2PG3sgJbA=
 github.com/godbus/dbus/v5 v5.0.4/go.mod h1:xhWf0FNVPg57R7Z0UbKHbJfkEywrmjJnf7w5xrFpKfA=
 github.com/gofrs/uuid v3.3.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:b2aQJv3Z4Fp6yNu3cdSllBxTCLRxnplIgP/c0N/04lM=
 github.com/gofrs/uuid v4.0.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:b2aQJv3Z4Fp6yNu3cdSllBxTCLRxnplIgP/c0N/04lM=
@@ -1311,6 +1314,7 @@ github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v0.1.2-0.20190507144316-5b71a03e2700/go.m
 github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.0.1/go.mod h1:jwyrGlmzljRJv/Fgzds9SsS/C5hL+LL3ko9hs6T5lQ0=
 github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.0.2-0.20190207185410-29686dbc5559/go.mod h1:jwyrGlmzljRJv/Fgzds9SsS/C5hL+LL3ko9hs6T5lQ0=
 github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.0.2/go.mod h1:jwyrGlmzljRJv/Fgzds9SsS/C5hL+LL3ko9hs6T5lQ0=
+github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.0.3-0.20200929063507-e6143ca7d51d h1:pNa8metDkwZjb9g4T8s+krQ+HRgZAkqnXml+wNir/+s=
 github.com/opencontainers/runtime-spec v1.0.3-0.20200929063507-e6143ca7d51d/go.mod h1:jwyrGlmzljRJv/Fgzds9SsS/C5hL+LL3ko9hs6T5lQ0=
 github.com/opencontainers/runtime-tools v0.0.0-20181011054405-1d69bd0f9c39/go.mod h1:r3f7wjNzSs2extwzU3Y+6pKfobzPh+kKFJ3ofN+3nfs=
 github.com/opencontainers/selinux v1.6.0/go.mod h1:VVGKuOLlE7v4PJyT6h7mNWvq1rzqiriPsEqVhc+svHE=

pkg/api/api.go

@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ func GetRuntimeInfoFunc(logger log.Logger) RuntimeInfoFn {
 
 type InstrFunc func(name string, f ApiFunc) http.HandlerFunc
 
-// Instr returns a http HandlerFunc with the instrumentation middleware.
+// GetInstr returns a http HandlerFunc with the instrumentation middleware.
 func GetInstr(
 	tracer opentracing.Tracer,
 	logger log.Logger,