pdctl, api: support hex format keys

server/api/region.go

@@ -15,10 +15,8 @@ package api
 
 import (
 	"container/heap"
-	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/gorilla/mux"
 	"github.com/pingcap/kvproto/pkg/metapb"
@@ -50,8 +48,8 @@ func newRegionInfo(r *core.RegionInfo) *regionInfo {
 	}
 	return &regionInfo{
 		ID:              r.GetID(),
-		StartKey:        strings.Trim(fmt.Sprintf("%q", r.GetStartKey()), "\""),
-		EndKey:          strings.Trim(fmt.Sprintf("%q", r.GetEndKey()), "\""),
+		StartKey:        string(core.HexRegionKey(r.GetStartKey())),
+		EndKey:          string(core.HexRegionKey(r.GetEndKey())),
 		RegionEpoch:     r.GetRegionEpoch(),
 		Peers:           r.GetPeers(),
 		Leader:          r.GetLeader(),

server/cluster_info.go

@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ func (c *clusterInfo) handleRegionHeartbeat(region *core.RegionInfo) error {
 	// Mark isNew if the region in cache does not have leader.
 	var saveKV, saveCache, isNew bool
 	if origin == nil {
-		log.Debugf("[region %d] Insert new region {%v}", region.GetID(), region)
+		log.Debugf("[region %d] Insert new region {%v}", region.GetID(), core.HexRegionMeta(region.GetMeta()))
 		saveKV, saveCache, isNew = true, true, true
 	} else {
 		r := region.GetRegionEpoch()
@@ -517,7 +517,7 @@ func (c *clusterInfo) handleRegionHeartbeat(region *core.RegionInfo) error {
 		if err := c.kv.SaveRegion(region.GetMeta()); err != nil {
 			// Not successfully saved to kv is not fatal, it only leads to longer warm-up
 			// after restart. Here we only log the error then go on updating cache.
-			log.Errorf("[region %d] fail to save region %v: %v", region.GetID(), region, err)
+			log.Errorf("[region %d] fail to save region %v: %v", region.GetID(), core.HexRegionMeta(region.GetMeta()), err)
 		}
 		select {
 		case c.changedRegions <- region:
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ func (c *clusterInfo) handleRegionHeartbeat(region *core.RegionInfo) error {
 		if c.kv != nil {
 			for _, item := range overlaps {
 				if err := c.kv.DeleteRegion(item); err != nil {
-					log.Errorf("[region %d] fail to delete region %v: %v", item.GetId(), item, err)
+					log.Errorf("[region %d] fail to delete region %v: %v", item.GetId(), core.HexRegionMeta(item), err)
 				}
 			}
 		}

server/cluster_worker.go

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ package server
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
 
 	"github.com/gogo/protobuf/proto"
 	"github.com/pingcap/kvproto/pkg/metapb"
@@ -35,8 +34,8 @@ func (c *RaftCluster) HandleRegionHeartbeat(region *core.RegionInfo) error {
 
 	// If the region peer count is 0, then we should not handle this.
 	if len(region.GetPeers()) == 0 {
-		log.Warnf("invalid region, zero region peer count - %v", region)
-		return errors.Errorf("invalid region, zero region peer count - %v", region)
+		log.Warnf("invalid region, zero region peer count: %v", core.HexRegionMeta(region.GetMeta()))
+		return errors.Errorf("invalid region, zero region peer count: %v", core.HexRegionMeta(region.GetMeta()))
 	}
 
 	c.coordinator.opController.Dispatch(region)
@@ -80,7 +79,7 @@ func (c *RaftCluster) validRequestRegion(reqRegion *metapb.Region) error {
 	startKey := reqRegion.GetStartKey()
 	region, _ := c.GetRegionByKey(startKey)
 	if region == nil {
-		return errors.Errorf("region not found, request region: %v", reqRegion)
+		return errors.Errorf("region not found, request region: %v", core.HexRegionMeta(reqRegion))
 	}
 	// If the request epoch is less than current region epoch, then returns an error.
 	reqRegionEpoch := reqRegion.GetRegionEpoch()
@@ -170,28 +169,32 @@ func (c *RaftCluster) handleReportSplit(request *pdpb.ReportSplitRequest) (*pdpb
 
 	err := c.checkSplitRegion(left, right)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("report split region is invalid - %v, %v", request, fmt.Sprintf("%+v", err))
+		log.Warnf("report split region is invalid: %v, %v, %v", core.HexRegionMeta(left), core.HexRegionMeta(right), err)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
 	// Build origin region by using left and right.
 	originRegion := proto.Clone(right).(*metapb.Region)
 	originRegion.RegionEpoch = nil
 	originRegion.StartKey = left.GetStartKey()
-	log.Infof("[region %d] region split, generate new region: %v", originRegion.GetId(), left)
+	log.Infof("[region %d] region split, generate new region: %v", originRegion.GetId(), core.HexRegionMeta(left))
 	return &pdpb.ReportSplitResponse{}, nil
 }
 
 func (c *RaftCluster) handleBatchReportSplit(request *pdpb.ReportBatchSplitRequest) (*pdpb.ReportBatchSplitResponse, error) {
 	regions := request.GetRegions()
+	hexRegionMetas := make([]*metapb.Region, len(regions))
+	for i, region := range regions {
+		hexRegionMetas[i] = core.HexRegionMeta(region)
+	}
 
 	err := c.checkSplitRegions(regions)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Warnf("report batch split region is invalid - %v, %v", request, fmt.Sprintf("%+v", err))
+		log.Warnf("report batch split region is invalid: %v, %v", hexRegionMetas, err)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	last := len(regions) - 1
 	originRegion := proto.Clone(regions[last]).(*metapb.Region)
-	log.Infof("[region %d] region split, generate %d new regions: %v", originRegion.GetId(), last, regions[:last])
+	log.Infof("[region %d] region split, generate %d new regions: %v", originRegion.GetId(), last, hexRegionMetas[:last])
 	return &pdpb.ReportBatchSplitResponse{}, nil
 }

server/core/region.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ package core
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"math/rand"
 	"reflect"
@@ -875,19 +876,33 @@ func DiffRegionPeersInfo(origin *RegionInfo, other *RegionInfo) string {
 func DiffRegionKeyInfo(origin *RegionInfo, other *RegionInfo) string {
 	var ret []string
 	if !bytes.Equal(origin.meta.StartKey, other.meta.StartKey) {
-		originKey := &metapb.Region{StartKey: origin.meta.StartKey}
-		otherKey := &metapb.Region{StartKey: other.meta.StartKey}
-		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("StartKey Changed:{%s} -> {%s}", originKey, otherKey))
+		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("StartKey Changed:%s -> %s", HexRegionKey(origin.meta.StartKey), HexRegionKey(other.meta.StartKey)))
 	} else {
-		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("StartKey:{%s}", &metapb.Region{StartKey: origin.meta.StartKey}))
+		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("StartKey:%s", HexRegionKey(origin.meta.StartKey)))
 	}
 	if !bytes.Equal(origin.meta.EndKey, other.meta.EndKey) {
-		originKey := &metapb.Region{EndKey: origin.meta.EndKey}
-		otherKey := &metapb.Region{EndKey: other.meta.EndKey}
-		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("EndKey Changed:{%s} -> {%s}", originKey, otherKey))
+		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("EndKey Changed:%s -> %s", HexRegionKey(origin.meta.EndKey), HexRegionKey(other.meta.EndKey)))
 	} else {
-		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("EndKey:{%s}", &metapb.Region{EndKey: origin.meta.EndKey}))
+		ret = append(ret, fmt.Sprintf("EndKey:%s", HexRegionKey(origin.meta.EndKey)))
 	}
 
 	return strings.Join(ret, ", ")
 }
+
+// HexRegionKey converts region key to hex format. Used for formating region in
+// logs.
+func HexRegionKey(key []byte) []byte {
+	return []byte(strings.ToUpper(hex.EncodeToString(key)))
+}
+
+// HexRegionMeta converts a region meta's keys to hex format. Used for formating
+// region in logs.
+func HexRegionMeta(meta *metapb.Region) *metapb.Region {
+	if meta == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	meta = proto.Clone(meta).(*metapb.Region)
+	meta.StartKey = HexRegionKey(meta.StartKey)
+	meta.EndKey = HexRegionKey(meta.EndKey)
+	return meta
+}

server/core/region_test.go

@@ -111,14 +111,14 @@ func (*testRegionKey) TestRegionKey(c *C) {
 		expect string
 	}{
 		{`"t\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xff!_r\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\xff\x02\u007fY\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xfa"`,
-			`"t\200\000\000\000\000\000\000\377!_r\200\000\000\000\000\377\002\177Y\000\000\000\000\000\372"`},
+			`7480000000000000FF215F728000000000FF027F590000000000FA`},
 		{"\"\\x80\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\xff\\x05\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\xf8\"",
-			`"\200\000\000\000\000\000\000\377\005\000\000\000\000\000\000\000\370"`},
+			`80000000000000FF0500000000000000F8`},
 	}
 	for _, t := range testCase {
 		got, err := strconv.Unquote(t.key)
 		c.Assert(err, IsNil)
-		s := fmt.Sprintln(&metapb.Region{StartKey: []byte(got)})
+		s := fmt.Sprintln(HexRegionMeta(&metapb.Region{StartKey: []byte(got)}))
 		c.Assert(strings.Contains(s, t.expect), IsTrue)
 
 		// start key changed

server/core/region_tree.go

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (t *regionTree) update(region *metapb.Region) []*metapb.Region {
 	})
 
 	for _, item := range overlaps {
-		log.Debugf("[region %d] delete region {%v}, cause overlapping with region {%v}", item.GetId(), item, region)
+		log.Debugf("[region %d] delete region %v, cause overlapping with region %v", item.GetId(), HexRegionMeta(item), HexRegionMeta(region))
 		t.tree.Delete(&regionItem{item})
 	}
 

server/schedule/merge_checker.go

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func (m *MergeChecker) Check(region *core.RegionInfo) []*Operator {
 	}
 
 	checkerCounter.WithLabelValues("merge_checker", "new_operator").Inc()
-	log.Debugf("try to merge region {%v} into region {%v}", region, target)
+	log.Debugf("try to merge region %v into region %v", core.HexRegionMeta(region.GetMeta()), core.HexRegionMeta(target.GetMeta()))
 	ops, err := CreateMergeRegionOperator("merge-region", m.cluster, region, target, OpMerge)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil

tools/pd-ctl/pdctl/command/region_command.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ package command
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
@@ -23,7 +24,9 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/pkg/errors"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -202,11 +205,11 @@ func showRegionTopSizeCommandFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 // NewRegionWithKeyCommand return a region with key subcommand of regionCmd
 func NewRegionWithKeyCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	r := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "key [--format=raw|encode] <key>",
+		Use:   "key [--format=raw|encode|hex] <key>",
 		Short: "show the region with key",
 		Run:   showRegionWithTableCommandFunc,
 	}
-	r.Flags().String("format", "raw", "the key format")
+	r.Flags().String("format", "hex", "the key format")
 	return r
 }
 
@@ -215,27 +218,11 @@ func showRegionWithTableCommandFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		fmt.Println(cmd.UsageString())
 		return
 	}
-
-	var (
-		key string
-		err error
-	)
-
-	format := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Value.String()
-	switch format {
-	case "raw":
-		key = args[0]
-	case "encode":
-		key, err = decodeKey(args[0])
-		if err != nil {
-			fmt.Println("Error: ", err)
-			return
-		}
-	default:
-		fmt.Println("Error: unknown format")
+	key, err := parseKey(cmd.Flags(), args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("Error: ", err)
 		return
 	}
-
 	key = url.QueryEscape(key)
 	prefix := regionKeyPrefix + "/" + key
 	r, err := doRequest(cmd, prefix, http.MethodGet)
@@ -246,14 +233,30 @@ func showRegionWithTableCommandFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 	fmt.Println(r)
 }
 
+func parseKey(flags *pflag.FlagSet, key string) (string, error) {
+	switch flags.Lookup("format").Value.String() {
+	case "raw":
+		return key, nil
+	case "encode":
+		return decodeKey(key)
+	case "hex":
+		key, err := hex.DecodeString(key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", errors.WithStack(err)
+		}
+		return string(key), nil
+	}
+	return "", errors.New("unknown format")
+}
+
 func decodeKey(text string) (string, error) {
 	var buf []byte
 	r := bytes.NewBuffer([]byte(text))
 	for {
 		c, err := r.ReadByte()
 		if err != nil {
 			if err != io.EOF {
-				return "", err
+				return "", errors.WithStack(err)
 			}
 			break
 		}
@@ -279,7 +282,7 @@ func decodeKey(text string) (string, error) {
 			n = append(n, r.Next(2)...)
 			_, err := fmt.Sscanf(string(n), "%03o", &c)
 			if err != nil {
-				return "", err
+				return "", errors.WithStack(err)
 			}
 			buf = append(buf, c)
 		}
@@ -290,12 +293,12 @@ func decodeKey(text string) (string, error) {
 // NewRegionsWithStartKeyCommand returns regions from startkey subcommand of regionCmd.
 func NewRegionsWithStartKeyCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	r := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "startkey [--format=raw|encode] <key> <limit>",
+		Use:   "startkey [--format=raw|encode|hex] <key> <limit>",
 		Short: "show regions from start key",
 		Run:   showRegionsFromStartKeyCommandFunc,
 	}
 
-	r.Flags().String("format", "raw", "the key format")
+	r.Flags().String("format", "hex", "the key format")
 	return r
 }
 
@@ -304,24 +307,9 @@ func showRegionsFromStartKeyCommandFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		fmt.Println(cmd.UsageString())
 		return
 	}
-
-	var (
-		key string
-		err error
-	)
-
-	format := cmd.Flags().Lookup("format").Value.String()
-	switch format {
-	case "raw":
-		key = args[0]
-	case "encode":
-		key, err = decodeKey(args[0])
-		if err != nil {
-			fmt.Println("Error: ", err)
-			return
-		}
-	default:
-		fmt.Println("Error: unknown format")
+	key, err := parseKey(cmd.Flags(), args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("Error: ", err)
 		return
 	}
 	key = url.QueryEscape(key)

tools/pd-ctl/pdctl/command/scheduler.go

@@ -204,10 +204,11 @@ func addSchedulerCommandFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 // NewScatterRangeSchedulerCommand returns a command to add a scatter-range-scheduler.
 func NewScatterRangeSchedulerCommand() *cobra.Command {
 	c := &cobra.Command{
-		Use:   "scatter-range <start_key> <end_key> <range_name>",
+		Use:   "scatter-range [--format=raw|encode|hex] <start_key> <end_key> <range_name>",
 		Short: "add a scheduler to scatter range",
 		Run:   addSchedulerForScatterRangeCommandFunc,
 	}
+	c.Flags().String("format", "hex", "the key format")
 	return c
 }
 
@@ -216,11 +217,21 @@ func addSchedulerForScatterRangeCommandFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
 		fmt.Println(cmd.UsageString())
 		return
 	}
+	startKey, err := parseKey(cmd.Flags(), args[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("Error: ", err)
+		return
+	}
+	endKey, err := parseKey(cmd.Flags(), args[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		fmt.Println("Error: ", err)
+		return
+	}
 
 	input := make(map[string]interface{})
 	input["name"] = cmd.Name()
-	input["start_key"] = url.QueryEscape(args[0])
-	input["end_key"] = url.QueryEscape(args[1])
+	input["start_key"] = url.QueryEscape(startKey)
+	input["end_key"] = url.QueryEscape(endKey)
 	input["range_name"] = args[2]
 	postJSON(cmd, schedulersPrefix, input)
 }