Add Schumann Resonances to Terrestrial table (1-01-05)

[amilan17]

Initial request

To align the variables in OSCAR Requirements and WIGOS codes.

Add Schumann Resonances to Terrestrial table (1-01-05) as used in the Schumann Resonances variable at https://space.oscar.wmo.int/variables/view/schumann_resonances

Amendment details

Notation	Name	Description
12326	Schumann Resonances	Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) magnetic and electric field of the three first resonance modes (8 Hz, 14 Hz, 20 Hz).

Path	Domain	Tags
Terrestrial	terrestrial

Requestor(s)

GCOS, OSCAR Requirements (@kpremec)

Stakeholder(s)

Enter list of stakeholder(s).

Applications or Systems

• OSCAR/Surface
• OSCAR/requirements
• Radar/DB
• OceanOPS
• WHOS
• WDQMS
• GBON Compliance Monitor
• Other

Expected impact of change

LOW

Collaborators

No response

References

https://space.oscar.wmo.int/variables/view/schumann_resonances

Comments

No response

Publication(s)

Example: Manual on Codes (WMO-No. 306), Volume I.3, WMO Codes Registry, Code table 1-01-05

Validation

No response

[amilan17]

https://github.com/wmo-im/tt-wigosmd/wiki/Meeting.2024.10.24 notes:
@kamauanne-cpu will take the lead

[amilan17]

https://github.com/wmo-im/tt-wigosmd/wiki/Meeting.2024.11.21 notes:
@kamauanne-cpu please comments in this issue; verify definition above, are there references to cite?

[amilan17]

document uploaded per Anne's request:
SCHUMANN RESONANCE1.docx

[joergklausen]

from Word document:
SCHUMANN RESONANCES.
The Schumann resonances (SR) are a set of spectral peaks in the extremely low frequency portion of the Earth's electromagnetic field spectrum. Schumann resonances are global electromagnetic resonances, generated and excited by lightning discharges in the cavity formed by the Earth's surface and the ionosphere. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shumann_Resonances#cite_ref-1)
Lightning discharges are considered to be the primary natural source of Schumann resonance excitation; lightning channels behave like huge antennas that radiate electromagnetic energy at frequencies below about 100 kHz. These signals are very weak at large distances from the lightning source, but the Earth–ionosphere waveguide behaves like a resonator at extremely low resonance frequencies. (https://archive.org/details/trent_0116300004144)
Today Schumann resonances are recorded at many separate research stations around the world. The sensors used to measure Schumann resonances typically consist of two horizontal magnetic inductive coils for measuring the north-south and east-west components of the magnetic field, and a vertical electric dipole antenna for measuring the vertical component of the electric field. A typical passband of the instruments is 3–100 Hz. The Schumann resonance electric field amplitude (~300 microvolts per meter) is much smaller than the static fair-weather electric field (~150 V/m) in the atmosphere. (Price, C.; Pechony, O.; Greenberg, E. (2006). "Schumann resonances in lightning research". Journal of Lightning Research. 1: 1–15.)
. In terms of observation methods, it has expanded from traditional ground-based observation to satellite-based observation, and has been applied and studied in multiple fields such as lightning, earthquakes, and Earth’s climate, and is constantly expanding. Therefore, the in-depth study of SR signals and their changing characteristics based on satellite data has become a development direction in future space geoscience.
It is worth noting that the range of sites for ground-based station observation will be gradually limited due to global rapid modernization, diverse industrial activities, and urban environments that cause a variety of ELF interferences, such as radiation from power lines, inductive signals from cell phone communication, leakage currents from grounding industrial objects, etc. We target our research in the field of satellite-based SR observations where these anthropogenic interference signals are expected to be eliminated as background noise in the spectrum of the satellite electromagnetic field.
(Remote Sens. 2023, 15(14), 3557;https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15143557

[amilan17]

https://github.com/wmo-im/tt-wigosmd/wiki/Meeting.2025.01.16 notes:
Anne uploaded a document as a reference; @amilan17 will try to identify a useful contact to clarify definition source;

[kamauanne-cpu]

The document above provides a general overview of the Schumann Resonances; their description from Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shumann_Resonances#cite_ref-1._The brief theory from https://archive.org/details/trent_0116300004144_ and the phenomena measurements from Remote Sens. 2023, 15(14), 3557;https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15143557.

[amilan17]

@kpremec will help identify an expert

[amilan17]

@joergklausen as discussed via email we decided to move forward with the definition provided by O/R. Note, I didn't add any sub-paths under Terrestrial.
This is the PR:
#574