feat: handle type parameters (part 1)

[lars-reimann]

Closes partially #23

Summary of Changes

• New kind of type TypeParameterType to represent usages of type parameter references as types.
• Store substitutions for type parameters in ClassType and take them into account for serialization and equality checks.
• Compute element types for list literals.
• Compute key/value types for map literals.
• Compute type of indexed accesses on lists/maps.
• Type checking for the indexed passed to an indexed access on maps (it already worked for lists).
• Consider type parameter values when checking the assignability of class types.

Deferred to future PRs

There are additional features needed to fully handle type parameters, including

• Inference of type parameter values for calls.
• Substitution of type parameters for types of class members (e.g. for member access on an attribute).
• Finding the lowest common superclass of class types with type parameters.

These features will be added later in separate PRs.

[github-actions]

🦙 MegaLinter status: ✅ SUCCESS

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✅ REPOSITORY	git_diff	yes		no	0.03s
✅ TYPESCRIPT	eslint	20	0	0	4.67s
✅ TYPESCRIPT	prettier	20	0	0	1.43s

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (4ebae94) 100.00% compared to head (10177a0) 100.00%.

Additional details and impacted files

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  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%            
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  Files           89        89            
  Lines        14476     14788   +312     
  Branches      3051      3138    +87     
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+ Hits         14476     14788   +312     

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