feat(node): Switch to new semantic conventions for Vercel AI

[AbhiPrasad]

resolves #16453

In getsentry/sentry-conventions#57 we deprecated some of the ai.X attributes in favour of OTEL's gen_ai.X attributes. This updates the Vercel AI integration to address these deprecations.

These changes are based on https://ai-sdk.dev/docs/ai-sdk-core/telemetry#collected-data, and we created attributes.ts to track these as constants.

See the relay change here to switch to new attributes for measuring token usage: getsentry/relay#4768

[github-actions]

size-limit report 📦

Path	Size	% Change	Change
@sentry/browser	23.99 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser - with treeshaking flags	23.76 kB	+0.01%	+1 B 🔺
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing)	38.34 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay)	76.48 kB	+0.01%	+1 B 🔺
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay) - with treeshaking flags	69.59 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay with Canvas)	81.24 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback)	93.32 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. Feedback)	40.73 kB	+0.01%	+1 B 🔺
@sentry/browser (incl. sendFeedback)	28.7 kB	-	-
@sentry/browser (incl. FeedbackAsync)	33.59 kB	-	-
@sentry/react	25.76 kB	-	-
@sentry/react (incl. Tracing)	40.33 kB	-	-
@sentry/vue	28.34 kB	+0.01%	+1 B 🔺
@sentry/vue (incl. Tracing)	40.18 kB	-	-
@sentry/svelte	24.01 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle	25.48 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing)	38.52 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay)	74.38 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback)	79.8 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle - uncompressed	74.41 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing) - uncompressed	114.07 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay) - uncompressed	228.04 kB	-	-
CDN Bundle (incl. Tracing, Replay, Feedback) - uncompressed	240.87 kB	-	-
@sentry/nextjs (client)	42 kB	-	-
@sentry/sveltekit (client)	38.84 kB	-	-
@sentry/node	150.1 kB	+0.04%	+59 B 🔺
@sentry/node - without tracing	98.29 kB	-	-
@sentry/aws-serverless	124.06 kB	-0.01%	-1 B 🔽

View base workflow run

[AbhiPrasad]

This will be used further when tackling #16454

[chargome]

💅