[CI] Add debian source build job

[christophfroehlich]

This adds a new CI workflow for building stuff on debian (debian11 for humble+iron, debian12 for rolling, as stated in REP-200).

• I had to exclude msg packages, because the ament_lint fails, maybe some issue with any python package version. see TypeError on debian11 ament/ament_lint#468
• I excluded also rqt_controller_manager (no build of rqt etc on debian image)

@bmagyar If this is all approved I'd happy to transfer https://github.com/christophfroehlich/ros2_debian to ros-controls.
btw I tested the humble workflow with #1315

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Comparison is base (51ff9ce) 48.02% compared to head (1198366) 48.01%.

❗ Current head 1198366 differs from pull request most recent head 755a38f. Consider uploading reports for the commit 755a38f to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1310      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   48.02%   48.01%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files          41       41              
  Lines        3525     3526       +1     
  Branches     1912     1913       +1     
==========================================
  Hits         1693     1693              
  Misses        442      442              
- Partials     1390     1391       +1     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	48.01% <ø> (-0.02%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

see 1 file with indirect coverage changes

[bmagyar]

I think the same changes could the applied to the iron and rolling branches. Including using the file from the checkout and not the network resource.

[christophfroehlich]

I think the same changes could the applied to the iron and rolling branches. Including using the file from the checkout and not the network resource.

sure, I'll also update that for the RHEL workflows

[destogl]

Thanks!

[destogl]

Thanks!

[bmagyar]

Thank you!