Auto merge of #34695 - steveklabnik:rollup, r=steveklabnik

Rollup of 15 pull requests

- Successful merges: #33250, #33265, #34277, #34327, #34521, #34558, #34615, #34619, #34621, #34625, #34626, #34636, #34664, #34667, #34685
- Failed merges: #33951

README.md

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ build.
 
 [MSYS2][msys2] can be used to easily build Rust on Windows:
 
-msys2: https://msys2.github.io/
+[msys2]: https://msys2.github.io/
 
 1. Grab the latest [MSYS2 installer][msys2] and go through the installer.
 

mk/main.mk

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 ######################################################################
 
 # The version number
-CFG_RELEASE_NUM=1.11.0
+CFG_RELEASE_NUM=1.12.0
 
 # An optional number to put after the label, e.g. '.2' -> '-beta.2'
 # NB Make sure it starts with a dot to conform to semver pre-release

src/bootstrap/bootstrap.py

@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ def main():
     parser.add_argument('--clean', action='store_true')
     parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true')
 
-    args = [a for a in sys.argv if a != '-h']
+    args = [a for a in sys.argv if a != '-h' and a != '--help']
     args, _ = parser.parse_known_args(args)
 
     # Configure initial bootstrap

src/doc/book/closures.md

@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ fn call_with_ref<'a, F>(some_closure:F) -> i32
     where F: Fn(&'a 32) -> i32 {
 ```
 
-However this presents a problem with in our case. When you specify the explict
+However this presents a problem with in our case. When you specify the explicit
 lifetime on a function it binds that lifetime to the *entire* scope of the function
 instead of just the invocation scope of our closure. This means that the borrow checker
 will see a mutable reference in the same lifetime as our immutable reference and fail
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ fn call_with_ref<F>(some_closure:F) -> i32
 ```
 
 This lets the Rust compiler find the minimum lifetime to invoke our closure and
-satisfy the borrow checker's rules. Our function then compiles and excutes as we
+satisfy the borrow checker's rules. Our function then compiles and executes as we
 expect.
 
 ```rust

src/doc/book/documentation.md

@@ -486,6 +486,17 @@ you have a module in `foo.rs`, you'll often open its code and see this:
 //! The `foo` module contains a lot of useful functionality blah blah blah
 ```
 
+### Crate documentation
+
+Crates can be documented by placing an inner doc comment (`//!`) at the
+beginning of the crate root, aka `lib.rs`:
+
+```rust
+//! This is documentation for the `foo` crate.
+//!
+//! The foo crate is meant to be used for bar.
+```
+
 ### Documentation comment style
 
 Check out [RFC 505][rfc505] for full conventions around the style and format of

src/doc/book/guessing-game.md

@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ We could also use a range of versions.
 [Cargo’s documentation][cargodoc] contains more details.
 
 [semver]: http://semver.org
-[cargodoc]: http://doc.crates.io/crates-io.html
+[cargodoc]: http://doc.crates.io/specifying-dependencies.html
 
 Now, without changing any of our code, let’s build our project:
 

src/doc/book/loops.md

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ When you need to keep track of how many times you already looped, you can use th
 #### On ranges:
 
 ```rust
-for (i,j) in (5..10).enumerate() {
+for (i, j) in (5..10).enumerate() {
     println!("i = {} and j = {}", i, j);
 }
 ```

src/doc/book/mutability.md

@@ -62,8 +62,8 @@ Note that here, the `x` is mutable, but not the `y`.
 # Interior vs. Exterior Mutability
 
 However, when we say something is ‘immutable’ in Rust, that doesn’t mean that
-it’s not able to be changed: we mean something has ‘exterior mutability’. Consider,
-for example, [`Arc<T>`][arc]:
+it’s not able to be changed: we are referring to its ‘exterior mutability’ that
+in this case is immutable. Consider, for example, [`Arc<T>`][arc]:
 
 ```rust
 use std::sync::Arc;

src/doc/book/structs.md

@@ -163,11 +163,51 @@ struct Point(i32, i32, i32);
 let black = Color(0, 0, 0);
 let origin = Point(0, 0, 0);
 ```
-Here, `black` and `origin` are not equal, even though they contain the same
-values.
 
-It is almost always better to use a `struct` than a tuple struct. We
-would write `Color` and `Point` like this instead:
+Here, `black` and `origin` are not the same type, even though they contain the
+same values.
+
+The members of a tuple struct may be accessed by dot notation or destructuring
+`let`, just like regular tuples:
+
+```rust
+# struct Color(i32, i32, i32);
+# struct Point(i32, i32, i32);
+# let black = Color(0, 0, 0);
+# let origin = Point(0, 0, 0);
+let black_r = black.0;
+let Point(_, origin_y, origin_z) = origin;
+```
+
+Patterns like `Point(_, origin_y, origin_z)` are also used in
+[match expressions][match].
+
+One case when a tuple struct is very useful is when it has only one element.
+We call this the ‘newtype’ pattern, because it allows you to create a new type
+that is distinct from its contained value and also expresses its own semantic
+meaning:
+
+```rust
+struct Inches(i32);
+
+let length = Inches(10);
+
+let Inches(integer_length) = length;
+println!("length is {} inches", integer_length);
+```
+
+As above, you can extract the inner integer type through a destructuring `let`.
+In this case, the `let Inches(integer_length)` assigns `10` to `integer_length`.
+We could have used dot notation to do the same thing:
+
+```rust
+# struct Inches(i32);
+# let length = Inches(10);
+let integer_length = length.0;
+```
+
+It's always possible to use a `struct` instead of a tuple struct, and can be
+clearer. We could write `Color` and `Point` like this instead:
 
 ```rust
 struct Color {
@@ -187,32 +227,19 @@ Good names are important, and while values in a tuple struct can be
 referenced with dot notation as well, a `struct` gives us actual names,
 rather than positions.
 
-There _is_ one case when a tuple struct is very useful, though, and that is when
-it has only one element. We call this the ‘newtype’ pattern, because
-it allows you to create a new type that is distinct from its contained value
-and also expresses its own semantic meaning:
-
-```rust
-struct Inches(i32);
-
-let length = Inches(10);
-
-let Inches(integer_length) = length;
-println!("length is {} inches", integer_length);
-```
-
-As you can see here, you can extract the inner integer type through a
-destructuring `let`, as with regular tuples. In this case, the
-`let Inches(integer_length)` assigns `10` to `integer_length`.
+[match]: match.html
 
 # Unit-like structs
 
 You can define a `struct` with no members at all:
 
 ```rust
-struct Electron;
+struct Electron {} // use empty braces...
+struct Proton;     // ...or just a semicolon
 
-let x = Electron;
+// whether you declared the struct with braces or not, do the same when creating one
+let x = Electron {};
+let y = Proton;
 ```
 
 Such a `struct` is called ‘unit-like’ because it resembles the empty

src/doc/book/testing.md

@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ one.
 
 Cargo will ignore files in subdirectories of the `tests/` directory.
 Therefore shared modules in integrations tests are possible.
-For example `tests/common/mod.rs` is not seperatly compiled by cargo but can 
+For example `tests/common/mod.rs` is not separately compiled by cargo but can
 be imported in every test with `mod common;`
 
 That's all there is to the `tests` directory. The `tests` module isn't needed

src/libcore/iter/mod.rs

@@ -1198,17 +1198,15 @@ impl<I: ExactSizeIterator> ExactSizeIterator for Peekable<I> {}
 impl<I: Iterator> Peekable<I> {
     /// Returns a reference to the next() value without advancing the iterator.
     ///
-    /// The `peek()` method will return the value that a call to [`next()`] would
-    /// return, but does not advance the iterator. Like [`next()`], if there is
-    /// a value, it's wrapped in a `Some(T)`, but if the iterator is over, it
-    /// will return `None`.
+    /// Like [`next()`], if there is a value, it is wrapped in a `Some(T)`.
+    /// But if the iteration is over, `None` is returned.
     ///
     /// [`next()`]: trait.Iterator.html#tymethod.next
     ///
-    /// Because `peek()` returns reference, and many iterators iterate over
-    /// references, this leads to a possibly confusing situation where the
+    /// Because `peek()` returns a reference, and many iterators iterate over
+    /// references, there can be a possibly confusing situation where the
     /// return value is a double reference. You can see this effect in the
-    /// examples below, with `&&i32`.
+    /// examples below.
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
@@ -1225,13 +1223,13 @@ impl<I: Iterator> Peekable<I> {
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&2));
     ///
-    /// // we can peek() multiple times, the iterator won't advance
+    /// // The iterator does not advance even if we `peek` multiple times
     /// assert_eq!(iter.peek(), Some(&&3));
     /// assert_eq!(iter.peek(), Some(&&3));
     ///
     /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), Some(&3));
     ///
-    /// // after the iterator is finished, so is peek()
+    /// // After the iterator is finished, so is `peek()`
     /// assert_eq!(iter.peek(), None);
     /// assert_eq!(iter.next(), None);
     /// ```
@@ -1263,10 +1261,10 @@ impl<I: Iterator> Peekable<I> {
     ///
     /// let mut iter = xs.iter().peekable();
     ///
-    /// // there are still elements to iterate over
+    /// // There are still elements to iterate over
     /// assert_eq!(iter.is_empty(), false);
     ///
-    /// // let's consume the iterator
+    /// // Let's consume the iterator
     /// iter.next();
     /// iter.next();
     /// iter.next();

src/libcore/num/f32.rs

@@ -20,121 +20,121 @@ use mem;
 use num::Float;
 use num::FpCategory as Fp;
 
+/// The radix or base of the internal representation of `f32`.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const RADIX: u32 = 2;
 
+/// Number of significant digits in base 2.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const MANTISSA_DIGITS: u32 = 24;
+/// Approximate number of significant digits in base 10.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const DIGITS: u32 = 6;
 
+/// Difference between `1.0` and the next largest representable number.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const EPSILON: f32 = 1.19209290e-07_f32;
 
-/// Smallest finite f32 value
+/// Smallest finite `f32` value.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub const MIN: f32 = -3.40282347e+38_f32;
-/// Smallest positive, normalized f32 value
+/// Smallest positive normal `f32` value.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub const MIN_POSITIVE: f32 = 1.17549435e-38_f32;
-/// Largest finite f32 value
+/// Largest finite `f32` value.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub const MAX: f32 = 3.40282347e+38_f32;
 
+/// One greater than the minimum possible normal power of 2 exponent.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const MIN_EXP: i32 = -125;
+/// Maximum possible power of 2 exponent.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const MAX_EXP: i32 = 128;
 
+/// Minimum possible normal power of 10 exponent.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const MIN_10_EXP: i32 = -37;
+/// Maximum possible power of 10 exponent.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const MAX_10_EXP: i32 = 38;
 
+/// Not a Number (NaN).
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const NAN: f32 = 0.0_f32/0.0_f32;
+/// Infinity (∞).
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const INFINITY: f32 = 1.0_f32/0.0_f32;
+/// Negative infinity (-∞).
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-#[allow(missing_docs)]
 pub const NEG_INFINITY: f32 = -1.0_f32/0.0_f32;
 
 /// Basic mathematical constants.
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 pub mod consts {
     // FIXME: replace with mathematical constants from cmath.
 
-    /// Archimedes' constant
+    /// Archimedes' constant (π)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const PI: f32 = 3.14159265358979323846264338327950288_f32;
 
-    /// pi/2.0
+    /// π/2
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_PI_2: f32 = 1.57079632679489661923132169163975144_f32;
 
-    /// pi/3.0
+    /// π/3
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_PI_3: f32 = 1.04719755119659774615421446109316763_f32;
 
-    /// pi/4.0
+    /// π/4
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_PI_4: f32 = 0.785398163397448309615660845819875721_f32;
 
-    /// pi/6.0
+    /// π/6
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_PI_6: f32 = 0.52359877559829887307710723054658381_f32;
 
-    /// pi/8.0
+    /// π/8
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_PI_8: f32 = 0.39269908169872415480783042290993786_f32;
 
-    /// 1.0/pi
+    /// 1/π
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_1_PI: f32 = 0.318309886183790671537767526745028724_f32;
 
-    /// 2.0/pi
+    /// 2/π
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_2_PI: f32 = 0.636619772367581343075535053490057448_f32;
 
-    /// 2.0/sqrt(pi)
+    /// 2/sqrt(π)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_2_SQRT_PI: f32 = 1.12837916709551257389615890312154517_f32;
 
-    /// sqrt(2.0)
+    /// sqrt(2)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const SQRT_2: f32 = 1.41421356237309504880168872420969808_f32;
 
-    /// 1.0/sqrt(2.0)
+    /// 1/sqrt(2)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const FRAC_1_SQRT_2: f32 = 0.707106781186547524400844362104849039_f32;
 
-    /// Euler's number
+    /// Euler's number (e)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const E: f32 = 2.71828182845904523536028747135266250_f32;
 
-    /// log2(e)
+    /// log<sub>2</sub>(e)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const LOG2_E: f32 = 1.44269504088896340735992468100189214_f32;
 
-    /// log10(e)
+    /// log<sub>10</sub>(e)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const LOG10_E: f32 = 0.434294481903251827651128918916605082_f32;
 
-    /// ln(2.0)
+    /// ln(2)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const LN_2: f32 = 0.693147180559945309417232121458176568_f32;
 
-    /// ln(10.0)
+    /// ln(10)
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
     pub const LN_10: f32 = 2.30258509299404568401799145468436421_f32;
 }