v2 Refactor, Refactored

[JoshuaKGoldberg]

#86 but with the changes suggested by maintainers and/or proposed by me as comments. Most notably:

• Revamped README.md, including linking to new dependencies
• Removes standard and much of the excess .git* metadata
• Uses Jest as the test runner instead of Ava
• Switches replace from removeSpaces = true to preserveSpaces = false

These are the breaking changes I can spot compared to v1 (please comment if there are others!):

• Uses emojilib instead of in-house emojis, causing slight differences in emoji names
• emojify takes in fallback and/or format as members of an object parameter instead of in series
• hasEmoji is now called has to match with other single-word API names
• replace takes in preserveSpaces as an optional member of an optional object parameter instead of as its own parameter

Intentionally leaves the following major changes out to be discussed separately:

• ESM modules
• Prettier (though I did add a .prettierrc.json to help editor Prettier extensions match the existing settings)
• TypeScript

Closes #55, Closes #57, Closes #62, Closes #66, Closes #77.

Intentionally based on #86's v2 branch to preserve @Richienb as an author in history.

[JoshuaKGoldberg]

Ping @omnidan, are you still interested in this work being completed?

[omnidan]

@JoshuaKGoldberg yes that would be great! I'm always on our discord so feel free to ping me there for discussions 😄

[omnidan]

This looks good to me now! Thanks for updating the PR and finishing it up @JoshuaKGoldberg!

[Richienb]

Don't know if we've discussed this before in the repo, but we could use Intl.Segmenter which is marginally better than char-regex but requires Node.js >16.

[Richienb]

But otherwise, this is pretty nice