ErgRules

ERG Lexical and Syntactic Rules

The grammar contains several types of rules, including inflectional and derivational lexical rules, affixation rules for punctuation, and syntactic constructions. Example analyses illustrating the use of these rules from the Redwoods treebank can be found here.

Names of rules

The names of the rules are assigned using the following three-field template, with fields separated by an underscore:

Daughter sequence	Annotations	Rule type

The Daughter sequence field gives the sequence of one or two constituents that comprise the sign, separated by a hyphen, using the following abbreviations:

hd	head
hdn	nominal head
nh	non-head
sb	subject
sp	specifier
cmp	complement
aj	adjunct
flr	filler
mrk	marker
np	nominal phrase
cl	clause
vp	verb phrase
pp	prepositional phrase
n	noun
v	verb
j	adjective
r	adverb
p	preposition
w	word
num	number
prdp	predicative phrase
jpr	predicative adj phrase
vpr	predicative verb phrase
ppr	predicative prep phrase
mnp	measure noun phrase
pct	punctuation mark

The Annotations field provides a brief sketch of the distinguishing properties of the rule.

The Rule type distinguishes among the broad classes of rules, using the following suffixes:

_ilr	orth-invariant inflectional rule
_olr	orth-changing inflectional rule
_dlr	orth-invariant derivational rule
_odlr	orth-changing derivation rule
_plr	punctuation affixation rule
_c	syntactic construction

The table below contains an exhaustive inventory of the rules used in the ERG (as of the 1214 release).

Complete inventory of ERG rules

Rule type	Annotations	Example
Syntactic constructions
sb-hd_mc_c	Head+subject, main clause	C arrived.
sb-hd_nmc_c	Hd+subject, embedded clause	B thought [C arrived].
sb-hd_q_c	Hd+subj, in-situ WH	B ate what?
hd-cmp_u_c	Hd+complement	B [hired C].
hd-cmp_2_c	Hd+second complement	B [gave to C] E.
sp-hd_n_c	Hd+specifier, nonhd = sem hd	[Every cat] slept.
sp-hd_hc_c	Hd+specifier, hd = sem hd	The [very old] cat slept.
sp-hd_hc-cmp_c	Hd+specifier w/comop, hd = sem hd	The [more ancient] cat than mine slept.
aj-hd_scp_c	Hd+preceding scopal adjunct	Probably B won.
aj-hd_scp-xp_c	Hd+prec.scop.adj, VP head	B [probably won].
aj-hd_scp-pr_c	Hd+pr.scop.adj, VP hd, prd pnct	If C loses, B wins.
aj-hd_int_c	Hd+prec.intersective adjunct	B [quickly left].
aj-hd_int-inv_c	Hd+prec.int.adjnct, hd inverted	On Tuesday, can you stay?
aj-hd_int-rel_c	Hd+prec.int.adjnct, hd rel-vp	which [on Tuesday met Kim]
hd-aj_scp_c	Hd+following scopal adjunct	B wins if C loses.
hd-aj_scp-pr_c	Hd+foll.scop.adjnct, paird pnct	B wins, if C loses.
hd-aj_int-unsl_c	Hd+foll.int.adjct, no gap	B [left quietly].
hd-aj_int-sl_c	Hd+foll.int.adjct, gap in adj	That cafe, we [dined in].
hd-aj_vmod_c	Hd+foll.int.adjct, prec. NP cmp	B [saw here] a big parade.
hd-aj_vmod-s_c	Hd+foll.scop.adjct, prec. NP cmp	B [saw here] a big parade.
hd-aj_cmod_c	Conj+foll.int.adjct, prec NP cmp	B [and yesterday] C arose.
hd-aj_cmod-s_c	Conj+foll.scop.adjct, prec NP cmp	B [and probably] C arose.
aj-hdn_norm_c	Nominal head + preceding adjnct	The [big cat] slept.
aj-hdn_adjn_c	NomHd+prec.adj, hd pre-modified	The [big old cat] slept.
hdn-aj_rc_c	NomHd+following relative clause	The [cat we chased] ran.
hdn-aj_rc-pr_c	NomHd+foll.rel.cl, paired pnct	A [cat, which ran,] fell.
hdn-aj_redrel_c	NomHd+foll.predicative phrase	A [cat in a tree] fell.
hdn-aj_redrel-pr_c	NomHd+foll.prd.phr, paired pnct	A [cat, in a tree,] fell.
cl_rc-fin-nwh_c	Rel.clause from fin.S, no relpr	The cat [we chased] ran.
cl_rc-inf-nwh_c	Rel.cl. fr.infin VP, non-sb gap	People [to admire] sang.
cl_rc-inf-nwh-sb_c	Rel.cl. from infin VP, subj gap	Dogs [to chase cats] run.
cl_rc-instr_c	Rel.cl. fr.inf.VP,no gap, instr	Money [to buy lunch] fell.
cl_rc-fin-modgap_c	Rel cl. from fin-S, modifier gap	The day [we arrived] elapsed.
cl_rc-inf-modgap_c	Rel cl. from inf-S, modifier gap	The day [to arrive] elapsed.
vp_rc-redrel_c	Rel.cl. from predicative VP	Dogs [chasing cats] bark.
hd_optcmp_c	Head discharges optional compl	B [ate] already.
hdn_optcmp_c	NomHd discharges opt complement	The [picture] appeared.
hd_xcmp_c	Head extracts compl (to SLASH)	Who does B [admire] now?
hd_xsb-fin_c	Extract subject from finite hd	Who do you think [went?]
hd_xaj-int-vp_c	Extract int.adjunct from VP	Here we [stand.]
hd_xaj-int-s_c	Extract int.adjunct from S	When is he Kim?
hd_xaj-crd-s_c	Extract adjunct from coord S	Now B arises and C arrives.
flr-hd_nwh_c	Filler-head, non-wh filler	Kim, we should hire.
flr-hd_nwh-nc_c	Fill-head, non-wh, no NP, no comma	Today we should arrive.
flr-hd_nwh-nc-np_c	Fill-head, non-wh, NP, no comma	Kim we should hire.
flr-hd_wh-mc_c	Fill-head, wh non-subj, main cl	Who did they hire?
flr-hd_wh-mc-sb_c	Fill-head, wh subj, main cl	Who left?
flr-hd_wh-nmc-fin_c	Fill-head, wh, fin hd, embed cl	B wondered [who won.]
flr-hd_wh-nmc-inf_c	Fill-head, wh, inf hd, embed cl	B knew [who to hire.]
flr-hd_rel-fin_c	Fill-head, finite, relative cls	people [who slept]
flr-hd_rel-inf_c	Fill-head, inf, relative cls	people [on whom to rely]
hd_imp_c	Imperative clause from base VP	Hire Browne!
hd_yesno_c	Yes-no question from inverted S	Did B arrive?
hd_inv-nwh_c	Inverted non-wh declarative cls	Never [has B won here.]
hdn_bnp_c	Bare noun phrase (no determiner)	[Cats] sleep.
hdn_bnp-prd_c	Bare predicative noun phrase	B will be president.
hdn_bnp-pn_c	Bare NP from proper name	[Browne] arrived.
hdn_bnp-num_c	Bare NP from number	[42] is even.
hdn_bnp-qnt_c	NP from already-quantified dtr	[Some in Paris] slept.
hdn_bnp-sg-nmod_c	NP fr. detless bare sg N-N cpnd	It was at [eye level.]
hdn_bnp-sg-jmod_c	NP fr. detless bare sg adj+noun	It was at [close range.]
hdn_bnp-sg-nomod_c	NP fr. detless bare sg unmodfd	It was within [range.]
hdn_bnp-vger_c	NP from verbal gerund	Hiring them was easy.
np-hdn_cpd_c	Compound from proper-name+noun	The [IBM report] arrived.
np-hdn_cpd-pr_c	Compount, proper+noun, paired pct	The [Cupertino, Calif., company] arrived.
np-hdn_ttl-cpd_c	Compound from title+proper-name	[Professor Browne] left.
np-hdn_ttl-cpd-pl_c	Compound from title+plural proper	|Mssrs. B and C left.
np-hdn_nme-cpd_c	Compound from two proper names	[Pat Browne] left.
np-hdn_num-cpd_c	Compound from noun+number	Do [problem 6] first.
np-hdn_cty-cpd_c	Compound from city+state names	[Portland, Oregon] grew.
n-hdn_cpd_c	Compound from two normal nouns	The [guard dog] barked.
n-hdn_j-n-cpd_c	Compound from noun+[adj+noun]	kitchen heavy appliance
n-v_j-cpd_c	Compound from noun+prd_verb	a [snow-covered] town
n-j_j-cpd_c	Compound from noun+adj	a [dog-friendly] town
n-j_j-t-cpd_c	Compound from noun+trans adj	a [dog-happy] town
j_n-ed_c	Adj-phr from adj + noun+ed	the [long eared] dog
hdn-np_app_c	Appositive NP from two NPs	[Joe the plumber] spoke.
hdn-np_app-pr_c	Appositive fr.two NPs, w/commas	[Joe, the plumber,] spoke.
hdn-np_app-r_c	Appositive fr NP+propNP, no paired pnct	[The plumber Joe] arose.
hdn-np_app-r-pr_c	Appositive fr NP+propNP, w/commas	[The plumber, Joe,] arrived.
hdn-np_app-num_c	Appositive fr NP+numNP	[Joe, 22,] arose.
hdn-np_app-idf_c	Appositive with indef.NP modifr	[Joe, a plumber,] spoke.
hdn-np_app-idf-p_c	Appositive, indef.NP, parnthszd	[Joe (a plumber)] spoke.
hdn-np_app-nbr_c	Appositive with N-bar modifier	Kim, president of the PTA
np_adv_c	Modifier phrase from NP	B arrived [this week.]
np_adv-yr_c	Modifier phrase from year NP	Jan. 11 [2008] arrived.
np_adv-mnp_c	Modifier phrase from measure NP	Markets fell [50 points.]
hdn_np-num_c	NP from number	[700 billion] is too much.
n-n_num-seq_c	NP from sequence of numbers	The number is [48 205 53.]
hdn_color_c	noun from color adjective	[Red] suits you.
num-n_mnp_c	Measure NP from number+noun	A [two liter] jar broke.
n-num_mnp_c	Measure NP from meas-symbol+num	We dislike [$6] fuel.
n_mnp_c	Measure NP from bare noun	This road is [miles] long.
mnp_deg_c	Degree phrase fr meas NP, attrib	The [5 meter] tall tree fell.
mnp_deg-prd_c	Deg phrase fr meas NP, predictv	Trees are [5 meters] tall.
num_det_c	Determiner from number	[Ten cats] slept.
num_prt-nc_c	Partitive NP fr.number, no cmp	[Six] were sleeping.
num_prt-of_c	Partitive fr.number, of_PP cmp	[Six] of them slept.
num_prt-det-nc_c	Partitive fr.det+number, no cmp	[These six] slept.
num_prt-det-of_c	Partitive fr.det+num, of-PP cmp	[The first of them] left.
np_prt-poss_c	Partitive fr. possessive NP	[The cat's] is empty.
np-prdp_vpmod_c	Modifier from pred.small clause	We ran, [Kim petrified].
np_voc-post_c	Vocative modifier fr.NP, postmod	Where are we, [Kim?]
np_voc-pre_c	Vocative modifier, premod	[Kim,] where are we?
cl_np-wh_c	NP from WH clause	[What he saw] scared him.
vp_cp-sb_c	VP requiring non-WH clausal subj	That B won [bothered C.]
vp_cp-sb-inf_c	VP requiring non-WH inf.cls subj	For B to win [bothered C.]
vp_np-ger_c	NP from verbal gerund	Winning money [pleased C.]
vp_sbrd-prd-prp_c	Pred.subord phr from prp-VP	Kim arrived, [smiling.]
vp_sbrd-prd-pas_c	Pred.subord phr from passive VP	Kim arrived, [inspired.]
vp_sbrd-prd-aj_c	Pred.subord phr from adjctv phr	Kim arrived, [very happy.]
vp_sbrd-prd-ell_c	Pred.subord phr, modfs ellip.VP	Kim might, [given time.]
j_sbrd-pre_c	Pred.subord phr fr.adj, prehead	[Unhappy,] we left.
vp_sbrd-pre_c	Pred.subord phr fr.VP, prehead	[Seeing Kim] they left.
vp_sbrd-pre-lx_c	Pred.subord phr fr.lex VP, prehd	[Smiling,] Kim arose.
hd-cl_fr-rel_c	Free relative clause	We run whenever Kim runs.
mrk-nh_evnt_c	Marker + event-based complement	B sang [and danced.]
mrk-nh_cl_c	Marker + clause	B sang [and C danced.]
mrk-nh_nom_c	Marker + NP	Cats [and some dogs] ran.
mrk-nh_n_c	Marker + N-bar	Every cat [and dog] ran.
mrk-nh_atom_c	Paired marker + phrase	[Both B] and C arrived.
vp-vp_crd-fin-t_c	Conjnd VP, fin, top	B [sees C and chases D.]
vp-vp_crd-fin-m_c	Conjnd VP, fin, mid	B rose, [sang, & chased D.]
vp-vp_crd-fin-im_c	Conjnd VP, fin, mid, no comma	B rose [sang & chased D.]
vp-vp_crd-nfin-t_c	Conjnd VP, nonfin, top	B'll [see C and chase D.]
vp-vp_crd-nfin-m_c	Conjnd VP, nonfin, mid	B'll rise, [sing, & see D.]
vp-vp_crd-nfin-im_c	Conjnd VP, nonfin, mid, no comma	B'll rise [sing & see D.]
v-v_crd-fin-ncj_c	Conjnd V,VP, fin, no conjunctn	B [sees C, chases D.]
v-v_crd-nfin-ncj_c	Conjnd V,VP, nonfin. no cnjct	Be will [see C, chase D.]
cl-cl_crd-t_c	Conjoined clauses, non-int, top	B sang and C danced.
cl-cl_crd-int-t_c	Conjnd clauses, interrog, top	Who sang and who danced?
cl-cl_crd-m_c	Conjoined clauses, mid	B sang, [C ran, & D sat.]
cl-cl_crd-im_c	Conjoined clauses, no cma, mid	B sang, [C ran & D sat.]
cl-cl_crd-rc-t_c	Conjoined relative clauses	people [who fly & who run]
pp-pp_crd-t_c	Conjnd PP, top	B is [in Paris and at work]
pp-pp_crd-m_c	Conjnd PP, mid	B's [here, in P, & at work]
pp-pp_crd-im_c	Conjnd PP, mid, no comma	B's [here, in P & at work]
np-np_crd-t_c	Conjoined noun phrases, top	[The cat and the dog] ran.
np-np_crd-i-t_c	Conjoined accus-case pro and NP	[Me and Kim] left.
np-np_crd-i2-t_c	Conjoined NP and accus-case pro	[Kim and me] left.
np-np_crd-i3-t_c	Conjoined NP and nom-case pro	B saw [Kim and I].
np-np_crd-m_c	Conjoined noun phrases, mid	Kim, [Pat, and Tom] ran.
np-np_crd-im_c	Conjoined NPs, no comma, mid	Kim, [Pat and Tom] ran.
np-np_crd-nc-t_c	Conjoined NPs, no comma, top	Buy [tapes, films.]
np-np_crd-nc-m_c	Conjoined NPs, no comma, mid	Buy books, [tapes, films.]
n-n_crd-nc-m_c	Conjoined nouns, no comma, mid	Buy a book, [tape, film.]
n-n_crd-t_c	Conjnd Ns, sym agr, nondiv, top	The [cat and dog] ran.
n-n_crd-div-t_c	Conjnd Ns, sym agr, div, top	The [cats and dogs] ran.
n-n_crd-2-t_c	Conjnd Ns, sym agr, nondiv, top	The [cat and dog] ran.
n-n_crd-3-t_c	Conjnd Ns, single referent, top	My [friend and guide] ran.
n-n_crd-m_c	Conjoined N-bars, mid	No cat, [dog, or rat] ran.
n-n_crd-im_c	Conjoined N-bars, no comma, mid	No cat, [dog or rat] ran.
n-n_crd-asym-t_c	Conjnd Ns, asym agr, sg+pl, top	The [cat and dogs] ran.
n-n_crd-asym2-t_c	Conjnd Ns, asym agr, pl+sg, top	The [cats and dog] ran.
n-j_crd-t_c	Conjoined noun +adjective	[marble and wooden] stairs
j-n_crd-t_c	Conjoined adjective + noun	[wooden and marble] stairs
j-j_crd-att-t_c	Conjnd attrib adjectives, top	the [old and young] cats
j-j_crd-prd-t_c	Conjnd pred adjs, top	B is [young and tall].
j-j_crd-prd-m_c	Conjnd pred adjs, mid	B is old, [big, and tall].
j-j_crd-prd-im_c	Conjnd pred adjs, no comma, mid	B is old, [big and tall].
jpr-jpr_crd-t_c	Conjnd subord prd phr, adj, top	B ran, [happy but tired.]
jpr-jpr_crd-m_c	Conjnd subord prd phr, adj, mid	B ran, hot, [fit, and low]
jpr-jpr_crd-im_c	Conjnd sbrd phr, adj,no-cma, mid	B ran, hot, [fit and low.]
jpr-vpr_crd-t_c	Conjnd sbrd prd phr, adj,V, top	B ran, [happy and freed.]
jpr-vpr_crd-m_c	Conjnd sbrd prd phr, adj,V, mid	B ran, hot, [fit, and lit.]
jpr-vpr_crd-im_c	Conjnd sbd phr, adj,V,no-cma, mid	B ran, hot, [fit and lit.]
vppr-vppr_crd-t_c	Conjnd subord prd phr, VP, top	B ran, [feared and loved.]
vppr-vppr_crd-m_c	Conjnd subord prd phr, VP, mid	B ran, torn, [bent, & cut]
vppr-vppr_crd-im_c	Conjnd sbrd phr, VP, no-cma, mid	B ran, torn, [bent & cut.]
ppr-ppr_crd-t_c	Conjnd sbrd prd phr, PP+XP, top	B ran, [in Rome but lost.]
ppr-ppr_crd-m_c	Conjnd sbrd prd phr, PP+XP, mid	B ran, sad, [in R, & lost]
ppr-ppr_crd-im_c	Conjnd sbrd PP+XP, no-cma, mid	B ran, sad, [in R & lost]
hd-hd_rnr_c	Right-node raising	B amdires and relies on C
hd-hd_rnr-nv_c	Right-node raising, not VP	B is under or replaced by C
np_frg_c	Fragment NP	The cat.
np_cnj-frg_c	Fragment conj+NP	And the cat.
np_nb-frg_c	Fragment N-bar	Angry cat.
pp_frg_c	Fragment PP	In Paris.
j_frg_c	Fragment adjective phrase	Angry at dogs.
r_scp-frg_c	Fragment scopal adverb phrase	Probably.
r_int-frg_c	Fragment intersective adverb	Quietly.
r_dsc-frg_c	Fragment discourse adverb	Yes.
r_cl-frg_c	Fragment clausal adverb	Because we left.
cl_cnj-frg_c	Fragment clause with conjunctn	And Kim stayed.
vp_fin-frg_c	Fragment finite VP	Chases cats.
vp_nfin-frg_c	Fragment nonfinite VP	To chase cats.
cl_cp-frg_c	Fragment embedded clause	That it chases cats.
cl_rel-frg_c	Fragment relative cluase	Which we assumed.
aj-np_frg_c	Fragment scopal modifier + NP	Probably Browne.
aj-np_int-frg_c	Fragment intersctv modif + NP	On Tuesday, the cat.
aj-pp_frg_c	Fragment scopal modif + PP	Probably in Paris.
aj-r_frg_c	Fragment scopal mod + adverbial	Maybe, if we can.
np-aj_frg_c	Fragment NP + scopal modifier	The cats, probably.
np-aj_rorp-frg_c	Fragment NP + PP or intsctv adv	Many problems afterwards.
np-aj_j-frg_c	Fragment NP + adjective phrase	Pizza ready.
nb-aj_frg_c	Fragment N-bar + scopal modif	Cat : a feline.
pp-aj_frg_c	Fragment PP + scopal modifier	In Paris before we left.
j-aj_frg_c	Fragment adjectv + scopal modif	Unhappy if they leave.
hdn-cl_prnth_c	NomHd + parenthetical clause	[Cats (they snore)] slept.
hdn-n_prnth_c	NomHd + parenthetical N-bar	[Some guy (democrat)] ran.
hdn-cl_dsh_c	NomHd + dash-marked clause	[Cats - they snore - ] ran.
hd-pct_c	Head + punctuation token	B [arrived -] C left.
cl-cl_runon_c	Run-on sentence w/two clauses	B arrived; C left.
cl-cl_runon-cma_c	Run-on sentence, comma-joined	B arrived, C left.
cl-np_runon_c	Run-on sentence fr.clause + NP	B arrived; disaster.
cl-np_runon-prn_c	Run-on S fr.clause + parenth NP	B arrived (disaster).
np-cl_numitem_c	Num+sentence	2. Browne arrived.
np-cl_indef_c	IndefNP+sentence	A fool, Browne arrived.
cl-rc_c	VP-final relative clause	It rained, which surprised C.
w-w_fw-seq-m_c	Seq. of italic/foreign wds, mid	[amo amas] amat
w-w_fw-seq-t_c	NP fr.seq.of italic/foreign wds	[[amo amas] amat]
xp_brck-pr_c	Paired bracketed phrase	The [sun-drenched] cat
xp-xp_bridge_c	Robust binary bridging rule	[We admire B] [admires C]
xp_bridge_c	Robust unary bridging rule	We admire B [admires C]
Inflectional rules
n_pl_olr	Plural noun with |-s| suffix	cats
n_sg_ilr	Singular noun	cat
n_ms_ilr	Mass noun	rice
n_ms-cnt_ilr	Mass or count noun	[unknown noun]
n_pl-cur_ilr	Plural of currency noun: no |-s|	$
v_3s-fin_olr	Third-singular present verb	admires
v_n3s-bse_ilr	Non-3sing or base form verb	admire
v_pst_olr	Past tense verb	admired
v_psp_olr	Past particple verb	admired
v_prp_olr	Present participle verb	admiring
v_prp-nf_olr	Present participle verb,nonformal	admirin
Derivational lexical rules
v_pas_odlr	Passive verb	admired
v_pas-p_odlr	Prepositional passive verb	referred to
v_pas-p-t_odlr	Prep. passive of trans. verb	added to
v_pas-prt-t_odlr	Passive of verb + selected PP	relied on
v_pas-dat_odlr	Passive of dative shift verb	given
v_pas-cp_odlr	Passive of cp-complement verb	said
v_aux-sb-inv_dlr	Subject-auxiliary inversion	Did they arrive?
v_aux-advadd_dlr	Addition of adverb as complement	They did not arrive.
v_aux-tag_dlr	Tag question auxiliary	He arrived, didn't he?
v_aux-ell-ref_dlr	Elided VP compl, referentl subj	He did.
v_aux-ell-xpl_dlr	Elided VP compl, expletive subj	It did.
v_cond-inv_dlr	Conditional inversion	Had he left, we'd have left.
v_dat_dlr	Dative shift alternation	They gave the book to him.
v_np-prtcl_dlr	Particle-NP reordering	He looked the answer up.
v_inv-quot_dlr	Main verb inversion for quoting	He left, said Kim.
v_nger-intr_dlr	Nominal gerund of intrans verb	Leaving was easy.
v_nger-pp_dlr	Nominal gerund of PP-comp verb	Relying on Kim was wrong.
v_nger-tr_dlr	Nominal gerund of trans verb	The hiring of Kim was OK.
det_prt-of-agr_dlr	Partitive NP, PP-of, num agrmt	Some of us are ready.
det_prt-of-nagr_dlr	Partitive NP, PP-of, no agrmt	Each of us is ready
det_prt-nocmp_dlr	Partitive NP, no PP complement	Most arrived. part_nocomp
n_bipart_dlr	Relax bipartite constraint	The scissors isn't sharp.
n_n-ed_odlr	Noun with |-ed| suffix as adj	Long-eared sheep slept.
v_v-re_dlr	Verb with |re-| prefix	He re-tied his shoe.
v_v-pre_dlr	Verb with |pre-| prefix	He pre-signed the check.
v_v-mis_dlr	Verb with |mis-| prefix	He mis-tied his shoe.
v_v-co_dlr	Verb with |co-| prefix	He co-wrote the paper.
v_v-un_dlr	Verb with |un-| prefix	He untied his shoes.
v_v-counter_dlr	Verb with |counter-| prefix	He counter-signed the bill.
n_det-mnth_dlr	Month name as determiner	July tenth arrived.
n_det-wkdy_dlr	Weekday name as determiner	We arrived Sunday morning.
j_n-minut_dlr	Integer as minute name	Ten sixteen is too late.
j_att_dlr	Attrib adj from trans pred adj	A similar cat arrived.
j_enough_dlr	Adj intr plus enough-complement	A big enough cat arrived.
j_enough-wc_dlr	Adj w/comps plus enough-complmnt	A happy enough cat arrived.
j_n-pre_odlr	Adj from noun plus prefix	The pre-war period endured.
v_j-nb-intr_dlr	Attrib adj from intrans verb	The sleeping cat stirred.
v_j-nb-prp-tr_dlr	Attr adj from trans prp verb	The admiring crowd ran.
v_j-nb-pas-tr_dlr	Attr adj from trans passive verb	The hired consultant left.
v_j-nb-pas-ptcl_dlr	Attr adj from passiveV+selected PP	The hoped for consultant left.
v_j-nme-intr_dlr	Attr adj from intr verb, nme mod	The smiling Abrams won.
v_j-nme-tr_dlr	Attr adj from trns verb, nme mod	Our winning Abrams smiled.
w_italics_dlr	Italicized word made into NP	Some say /windshield/.
Punctuation affixation rules
w_period_plr	Period affixed to end of word	cat.
w_qmark_plr	Question mark affixed to word	cat?
w_qqmark_plr	Double question mark affixed	cat??
w_qmark-bang_plr	Qmark and exclam point affixed	cat?!
w_comma_plr	Comma affixed	cat,
w_bang_plr	Exclamation point affixed	cat!
w_semicol_plr	Semicolon affixed	cat;
w_double_semicol_plr	Robust double semicolon	cat;;
w_rparen_plr	Right parenthesis affixed	cat)
w_comma-rp_plr	Comma wrongly before right paren	cat,)
w_lparen_plr	Left parenthesis prefixed	(cat
w_rbrack_plr	Right square bracket affixed	cat]
w_lbrack_plr	Left square bracket prefixed	[cat
w_dqright_plr	Double quote affixed to end	cat"
w_dqleft_plr	Double quote prefixed	"cat
w_sqright_plr	Single quote affixed to end	cat'
w_sqleft_plr	Single quote prefixed	'cat
w_hyphen_plr	Hyphen affixed to end	cat-
w_threedot_plr	Three dots affixed to end	cat...
w_asterisk_plr	Asterisk affixed to end	cat*
w_asterisk-pre_plr	Asterisk prefixed to word	*cat
w_comma-nf_plr	Nonformal comma affixed	cat,
w_italright_plr	Italics mark |iยฆ| affixed	catiยฆ
w_italleft_plr	Italics mark |ยฆi| prefixed	ยฆicat
w_drop-ileft_plr	Ignored italics mark affixed	catiยฆ
w_drop-iright_plr	Ignored italics mark prefixed	catiยฆ